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    20 June 2006, Volume 28 Issue 3
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    石油工程计算技术
    ADVANCED GENEnC ALGORITHM FOR 0FIMLAL MODELS FOR GAS PRODUCTION COMPOSITION OF GAS FIELD DEVELOPMENT PROGRA]MNnNG
    llUZhi-bin DENG YOng FAN Zhe-yuan; etal.
    2006, 28(3):  1-4.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.001
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    This Paperint introduees an advanced genetic algorithm for single-objeetive OPtimal models on the basis Of OPtimal models for production composition of natural gas develovment programing.Take Powell method as anarithrnetic operator paralleled with the operators such as selection，crossover and mutation into the elementary genetic algorithm，and make use of a new anneal aceurate Punishment function method to deal with the restrietion
    conditions，compile the algorithm program with MATLAB，Select the maximal yield on the restrietion Of fixed cost，analyze the acrual aPPlication of the algorithm for otimal models for Produetion composition Of natural gas develpment programming with the examPle，and get a better effct
    BOUNDARY ELEMENT METll0D RESEARCH ON OTTOMHOLE PRESSURE BEHAVOR IN NON-CLOSED BOUNDARY OIL AND GAS RESERVOIRS
    LIU Qi-guo XUn kun -ji Ql Yu -lian et al
    2006, 28(3):  5-7.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.002
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    Non-closed boundary are servoirs are very widesPread in reality.As for the percolation Problem of constant Pressure boundary and closed boundary，routine method can resolve it.But as for the Percolation Problem Of non-closed boundary，routine method did not work effeetively. the Boundary Element Methcd to study the non-closed boundary mathematical model Of well test inginterpretatlon was Presented in the PaPer，which was LaPlace
    transform to the Percolation differential equation，the solution in the Laplace space with the Boundaly Element Methoel and then the SOlution in the real sPace with the Stehfest Numerical Method was worked out，which can be used to analyze the hole-bottom Pressure behavior.
    STUDY ON NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF INTEGRAL FRACTURING RECONSTRUCTION TO HORIZONTAL CRACK OIL RESERVOIRS
    HUANG Bo ZENG Xiao-hui QU Hual-lin etal.
    2006, 28(3):  8-10.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.003
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    A three-dimensional mathematic model of oil-water two phase and crack permeability to horizontal crack oil reservoirs and also its high-efficient algorithm were established，which ac-cording to Product charaeters on low permeability of oil reservoir water injection and seePage of horizontal cracks，and considering unequilibrium Of oil reservoir，anisotropy of permeability rates，craek diversion laPse with time flows and different impacts on
    different well Pattems. through caleulating different craeks radius，considering the fracture conduetivity influences on indexes like oil well outPut，moisture content，produce degree，as well as final oil recovery，and oPtimizing rational crack parameters，apter optimum horizontal crack software was develoPed，
    which could be used for on-site appraisal and design works.
    RESEARCH OF PRODUCTION NODAL ANALYSIS 1VIETHOD FOR GAS-WATER WELLS
    CHANG Yan-rong ; LI Yun LI Xiao-ping et al.
    2006, 28(3):  11-12.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.004
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    Gas-water wells production nodal analysis is an important research subject for gas production field at present, it is a diHi-cult problem of research at the same time. The key problem of producing nodal analysis for gas-water well is analysis of inflow performance of the gas-water well. Based on the gas-water well inflow performance achievement in researches, and combined
    with outflow performance together, probed into the performance relationship between inflow and outflow of the gas-water well and offered the theoretical foundation for production nodal analysis of the gas-water well.

    THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF DAMAGE OF THE SOLD PARTICLE ON Oli. WELLS
    YANG Xu WU Xiao-qing li Jin et al.
    2006, 28(3):  13-16.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.005
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    On the consideration that the solid particle in wastewater invades into formation and plugs the pores so that reduces the inplace permeability, a mathematical model that is summarized as problem 1 and I roblem 2 has been developed. Problem 1 is a deterministic partial differential equation(PDE)reversed problem that can be solved with the difference format. In contrast, as a deterministic initial boundary problem, problem 2 has been solved with the method of characteristic, during which both the reservoir permeability and the damage radius could be found.The solving process of the two problems carries on in turns.
    A NEW UNDERSTANDING TO
    FAN Zhe-yuan; REN Yu lin JIANG Rui-zhong.
    2006, 28(3):  17-19.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.006
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    The adaptability and veracity of "7. 5B" in Tong Xian-zhang' s formula was discussed and this formula could not be applied to a single reservoir but to a whole oilfield. Theoretic expression of "7. 5B" was deduced and a useful precise method to calculate this parameter was put forward. At the same time, this paper makes some modification on Mr. Tongs wateroil ratio va.recovery formula and recovery vs. water cut curve. Also it ex-plains the importance of.these modifications.

    TIME EXTRAPOLATION WELL TEST TECHNIQUE AND APPLICATIONS
    QU Huai-lin ZENG Xiao-hui HUANG Bo et al.
    2006, 28(3):  20-22.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.007
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    Aim at the dynamic monitor information that the pressure monitor well order on time of not the consecution and histories inherit according to邸ng the well data and producing the dy-namic information and combining the geology static data of many times in the past, applying time extrapolation well test theories
    and the nerve network technique, combining to the emulation backs the fire calculate way, carrying out to static pressure,effective permeate rate and epidermis factor to try the estimate that the well parameter changes .Finally, applied example analysis, explain to make use of appling the well test history information to carry on time extrapolation well test predicting is useful.
    STUDY ON DEVELOPMENT PERFORMANCE OF FRACTURED RESERVOIR WITH BOTTOM WATER
    CHEN Jun LI Jun -jun.
    2006, 28(3):  23-26.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.008
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    The moat two remarkable characteristics of the fractured reservoir with bottom water are that its bottom aquifer is huge and that the reservoir rock fracture network is well developed,both of which will lead to water quickly channeling in the devel opment process , and thus will be complicated the underground
    fluid flow due to heterogeneity of fracture network and diversity of fracture occurrence types. When the bottom water goes up into the reservoir, it vein markedly reduce the reservoir effective thickness and the drainage area of single oil well, deplete the energy in the reservoir and wellbore，and subsequently lower the recovery ratio. According to the geologic characteristics of frac-lured reservoir with bottom aquifer and on the basis of the matrix fracture super dual medium model, the influence of two-direc-
    lion fracture reservoir with bottom aquifer upon reservoir dynamic
    performance by means of full implicit reservoir numerical simula-lion was analyzed in detail in the paper.
    THE PROBLEM OF THE DETECTION OF THE LEAK LOCATION IN THE GAS PIPELINE
    WU Xiao-qing WANG Yu JIANG Mao-ze
    2006, 28(3):  27-29.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.009
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    In order to solve the problem of the detection of the leak location in the gas pipeline, a partial differential equation(PDE) reversed question mathematical model was founded on the condilion of only one leakage location existing. And then, the orthog onal transformation was taken to get the relationship between the leakage and the location. With the least square algorithm, the
    inconsistent equation set was solved to find out the location of leakage. The above process is realized with MATLAB.
    MASSIVE-SCALE FORMATION DATA MANAGEMENT AND VISUALIZATION
    ZHAO Zheng-wen TANG Hong-guang.
    2006, 28(3):  30-33.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.010
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    The research on massive-scale geographic data was carried on for a long time. But general formation data has not been studied carefully. According to the data features of exploration and development on oil&gas field, the paper proposed a way for organizing and managing massive-scale formation data, making da to prepared for large scale geographic spatial modeling and real
    time visualization. The fast accessing, indexing and spatial tomputation algorithm is based on data redistribution, oct-tree indexing and technology such as predication.
    THE RESEARCH ABOUT APPLICATIONS OF PRO-DUCTION CONTROL AND EARLY-WARNIr1G SYSTEM ON PRODUCTION OF OIL FIELDS
    CHANG Yan-rong;LI Yun PENG Yan et al
    2006, 28(3):  34-37.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.011
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    Based on the research, prompt production control and early-warning system of producing condition were introduced into oil field production. According to the ripe forecast early-warningsystem at home and aboard , we deeply analyzed and discussedabout the selection of early-waring monitoring index , the practi-
    cal standard of it and prompt monitor was gotten and the produ-cing process of management and geology was analyzed. To use the theories of early-warning and modern computer technology,the software of early -warning system was developed , and an afarm to the abnormal subject could be given. The research result and practical use illustrated that this system attaches a great importance to stable yields and production increasing of oil fields.
    OYl'LMAL METHODS BASED ON RFI.ATIONSHIPS BE-TWEEN AFFLUENT ASSOCIATED FACTORS FOR OILFIELD DEVELOPMENT MEASURE ARRANGEMENT
    HOU Chun -hua
    2006, 28(3):  38-40.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.012
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    From the existence of dynamic information of oil field devel-opment, all kinds of factors affect measured production are spa-lyzed, and the non lineal relationship between measured produc-lion and corresponding factors is established by the aid of func-tional simulation principle, i. e. difherential coefficient simula-lion method and never net method. With the well built relation-ships, optimal measure arrangement modules attend to maximum
    measured production, minimutrr cost and maximum profit are provided, those are successfully applied in tactics and solve well questions on the optimal arrangement of measured production，cost and operation
    EXPERIMENT STUDY ON SOLID-PHASE CHANGE OF SMECTITE REACTION WITH ACIDS
    TANG Hong-ming; HUANG Xiao-qiong YUAN Xu-zu et al.
    2006, 28(3):  41-43.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.013
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    The chemical reactions of smectite with the acid 5% HCI. 0. 5% HF+5% HCI. 1. 0% HF+5 % HCl systems of0. 5% HF,1. 0% HF, 8% HB凡，7% HB凡+5% HCl have been systemati-tally investigated场utilizing X' Pert PRO X一ray and XL -30 spectral SEM, etc. The change of solid-phase parameters of remaining smectite after reaction has been especially analyzed. It is concluded the value of Si/Al in residual acid fluid is lower and Si/Al value of the ning smectite is higher than the the-oretical prediction because alumina octahedral is more corroded
    by acids than silicon-oxygen tetrahedral. After 2 hours of reac-lions between smectite and 7% HB凡&7% HBF,+5% HCI, it is found that d ( 001)crystal surface has been ruined and new peak has been observed, therefore, Fand Betc. are helpfulfor mineral transformation from smectite.

    地质勘探
    RESEARCHING OF DIRECT OIL AND GAS DETECT-ING BY MULTIWAVE AND MULTICOMPONENT SE-IMIC DATA
    PENG Cai ZHU Shijun HUANG Dong-shan netal.
    2006, 28(3):  44-47.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.014
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    In interpretation of conventional seismic data, p-wave is used to detect lithology, gas and oil. The results are not one and only. Using multi-components seismic data which have much seismic information can reduces possible mutli-result. In this pa-per, we use p -wave and ps -wave velocity of mufti -components seismic data and their velocity ratio, Poisson ratio, quadrature trace and impedance of p -wave and ps -wave to predict gas and
    oil in reservoir. The predicted results are the same as that of drilling.data canreservmr.This study shows that using mufti-components seismicenhance the precision and reliability of prediction of
    THE ANALYSLS OF SEDIIVVIENT SOURCE OF YONG-ZHUJIE GAS FIELD IN BAOSHAN BASIN
    Lu Ru-ming;CHEN Zong-tai;WANG Yan;et al.
    2006, 28(3):  48-52.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.015
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    Basing on the analysis to the basic tectonics framework of Baoshan Basin, this paper has studied the basic data and on Baoshan Basin, and found that the west of the main fault in Baoshan Basin have been rising during the development of basin. So the distribution and the content of conglomerate were different, and its geological phenomenon in the data of drilling
    outcrop 。logging and seismal section in different area. By studing with a few methods, we have such a conclusion that the main sediment source of Yongzhujie Gas Field was from the west
    APPLICATION OF THIN&POOR RFCFRVOIR PRE-DICTED TECHNOLOGY TO THE PUNAN OILFIELD
    HOU jun WANG jin-rong WANG Chang-sheng et al.
    2006, 28(3):  53-56.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.016
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    The reservoir of PU-Formation in the Punan Oilfield is so thin and poor that it is very difficult to solve the question that the distinguished accuracy of the narrow&laminated sandstone is low by inversion of seismic wave impedence. This paper builds predicated model of reservoir lithology integrating geology statis-tics and modeling technologies, adopting the Gauss continuance
    simulating methods in virtue of consequences of wave impedence inversion to carry through lithology modeling of natural electric phase body and deep side resistance body, aiming at characteristics of this area, mudstone and sandstone can be recognized obviouslynatural electric phase curves and it's easier to distinguish the oil-bearing property of reservoir by means deep side resistance curves, based on the original datum of inversion of seismic wave impedence. The geological statistics characteristic of the simulating consequences match with ihosr, of original datum, and the matching rate of predicted thickness of sandstone reaches 78% according to newly drilled 18 wells. It indicates that the predicted problem can be well solved by this technology.
    石油与天然气工程
    STUDY OF THE ADAPTABILITY OF SAGD TO OIL RE-SERVIOR AND LIQUID PARAMETERS
    WANG Xuan-ru;CHENG Lin -song LIU Shuang -quan et al.
    2006, 28(3):  57-60.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.017
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    Through numerical simulation method, the adaptability of the double horizontal well Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) to the reservoir and liquid parameters has been investi-gated. At the same time, the adaptability limits of SAGD to the oil viscosity, the reservoir horizontal permeability, and ratio of
    vertical permeability to horizontal permeability and the depth of oil layers have been presented. The plates of the relationship be-tween cumulative oil steam ratio and the average oil production rate's varying with the above factors, the rational formulas of the co-infections by the above parameters and the three dimensional curl planes have been obtained. The exploitation effect and the
    adaptability of the similar reservoir can be analyzed and forecas-ted by these plates and formulas. The analyzing and forecasting results can provide the scientific foundations for developing the similar oil field with the Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage.
    THE FEASIBILITY OF SMALL FAULT BLOCK CELL OIL RESERVOIR SINTGLE WELL CO2HUFF AND PUFF RESEARCH
    ZHANG Guo-qiang SUN Lei SUN Li-ang-tian et al.
    2006, 28(3):  61-66.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.018
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    It is difficult for complicated small fault block oil reservoir unit by many faults to commercial}cale operation by water injec-lion because of communication difference among wells, boundary seal, producing energy finite, producing energy falling soon dur-ing exploitation. It may be a kind of powerful method with CO2 huff and puff forced production to this kind of reservoir. Thus ai-
    ming at these complicated small fault block oil reservoir charac-teristic of geology and exploitation, on a basis of phase state analyses to the actual fluid of the oil well ,By carrying out CO2 swell-ing experiment, drive mechanism of CO2 huff and puff is confirmed. And by CO2huff and puff' long core drive experiment,oil increasing production degree and time phase are confirmed.
    Under that foundation geologic model and numerical simulation model of single well CO2 huff and puff are established aiming at actual small fault block oil reservoir. After carrying out fitting to producing history before gas injection, sensitivity analyses are carried out of operation parameters during CO2huff and puff forced production,it has been stress reviewed the influence of in-jection occasion and cycle injection rate to effect of increasing production of small fault block oil reservoir unit, saturation and pressure distributing of different injection occasion are analyzed.Thereby effective and optimal operation parameters of small fault block cell oil reservoir single well CO2 huff' and puff forced pm duction are derived, and systemic indoor integrative evaluation method is supplied for project design of small fault block cell oil
    reservoir single oil well CO2 huff and puff.
    APPLCATION OF BP ARTIFICIAL NERVE NETWORKTO CALCULATE ABSOLUTE OPEN FLOW OF GAS WELLS AFTER FRACTURING
    LUO Tian-Yu GUO Jian-shun ZHAO Jin-zhou et al.
    2006, 28(3):  67-69.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.019
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    In comparison with the traditional methods, the BP artificial nerve network method possesses considerable superiority and applicability and it isn' t in need of various steady percolation model based on the percolation theory of gas reservoirs after fractu-ring or numerical value simulation. The BP artificial nerve net-work method is only in want of the primary data of the target gas
    well when forecasting absolute open flow and much practical tes-ting data of a few gas wells as the samples in the same reservoir,which provides a new feasible way for the exploitation of low-per-meability gas wells economically, speedly and eflectly.
    STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF PERFORATING PARAM-ETERS UPON WELL PRODUCTIVITY IN NATURAL FRACTURE RESERVOIRS
    LI Hai -tao WANG Yong-qing.
    2006, 28(3):  70-73.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.020
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    The optimization-of perforating parameters for improvingwell performance in naturally fractured reservoirs is quite differ-ent from that of conventional sandstone reservoirs. The produc-tivity evaluation of perforated oil well becomes very complicated in the presence of natural fracture in reservoirs. In this paper,the effects of perforating parameters ort well productivity for dif-
    ferent fracture network configurations , including one set of trans-verse fracture , one set of vertical fracture，two sets of vertical fractures and three sets of mutual perpendicular fractures, were analyzed and discussed in detail on the basis of mathematical modeling of well productivity by the finite element method. Some useful results have been obtained, and the software.of optimal
    design for perforating parameters in naturally fractured reservoirs was developed. It is very nutritious to direct the operation of per-forating completion in natural fracture reservoirs and thus en-hance the well performance.
    THE EFFECT OF LIFTING FLUID ON POLYMER FLOODING
    HUANG Wei
    2006, 28(3):  74-76.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.021
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    Reservoir numerical simulation is one of important method of studying performance factor of polymer flooding. For four pro-duction wells and one' injection well, we have established one typical model by using numerical simulation method to study rea-sonable opportunity of lifting fluid and effect degree of lifting fluid and production well section improvement with different permeability max-min ratios, provided dynamic adjustment basis and
    effective means for oilfield polymer flooding. Results have shown that increase of fluid volume can produce more oil than fixed liq-uid volume during polymer flooding, enhance oil recovery7. 25%～8. 77%，regardless of in monolayer or seolotropic mul-tiplayer formation. Effect of polymer flooding on monolayer for-
    mation is better than in aeolotropic multiplayer formation when max-min ratio of vertical permeability is equal to two or five times, and optimal time of volume increase is after appearing whole effect; whereas equal to ten times, effect of increase liquid volume during injecting polymer is the same as after appea-
    ring effect. For heterosphere, volume increase makes against enlarging the volume in the expansion in mid-low permeability layer after high production.
    PRACTICE AND KNOWLEDGE OF GAS一CAP SAND- STONE HEAVY-0IL RESERVOIR IN LE'AN'OILFIELD
    CHEN Shu-ying
    2006, 28(3):  77-81.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.022
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    Oil's heaviness and reservoir's looseness are the two main characters of gas一cap sandstone heavy-oil reservoir, end the complex relationship of oilavater}air directly affects the develop-ment of oilfield. Through analyzing the geologic background of gascap sandstone heavyoil reservoir and sedimentary feature of the delta, combined with single-well production test in Block Cao. 31，this paper summed up the variations of oilfield area and gascap, studied the distributing traits of well pattern and spac-ing in Sha 3 Segment and further demonstrated the possibility of watetflood development. 1'he results show that after the applica-lion of various correlative sand control technologies and sand-car-tying cold recovery of screw pump, with the oil production and
    reasonable oil recovery rate of single well controlled, the first oil recovery will be enhanced obviously.
    THE CORROSION PREDICTION OF GASBASED ON ARRAY GREY PREDICTION
    SU Xin YUAN Zong-ming HUANG Kun .
    2006, 28(3):  82-85.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.023
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    The corrosion factors of gas transmission pipeline are very complicated. Some of these factors are often changeable under different circumstances. What’s more, confirmation of these factors has its own uncertainty and mistiness. We used Array Grey Prediction method found a new model to predict pipeline' s
    corrosion trend and introduce three typical data processing mode. Applying this model to predict one of Sichuan Gas Field's gas pipeline' s corrosion rate and corrosion depth, the counting result indicated this model’s prediction had little error to the fact,could be used to the locale exercise. This model oilers a
    new method of gas transmission pipeline' s corrosion prediction.
    OIL GAS PIPELINE BLOCKAGE DETECTION AND LO-CATION BY USING TRANSIENT POSITIVE WAVE
    LIU En-bin LI Chang-jun LIAO Ke-xi.
    2006, 28(3):  86-88.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.024
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    The theory to confirm the location of blockage in pipeline which using the positive wave happened in the course of water hammer was first put forward in the paper. When the pipeline locked，a sort of positive wave would transmit along the pipe, we know the location of blockage by analyzing the information of the wave. With advantage of few equipment, little expenses,shirtsleeve operation, this method will be widely used.
    油气化学工程与化工
    DRILLING FLUID COUNTERMEASURE OF ANJI-HAIHE IN JIIV 1 WELL
    LIANG Da-chuan CAI Yu-lien L.IU Xin-yi et al.
    2006, 28(3):  89-91.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.025
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    In south of Zhungeer Besin, drilling is difficult and Anji-haihe Stratum is most difficult to deal with because of the tomplicated geology condition. A drilling fluid countermeasure has been presented after analysis stratum clay component and hydralion properties in this paper. A series of drilling fluid technology have been introduced in order to ensure successfully drilling the
    Anjihaihe layer of Jin 1 Well.
    石油与天然气工程
    DISSOLUTION OF POLYSILICON SUSPENDIrIG FLUID TO ORGANIC MATERIAL BLOCKING
    CHEN Xing-long QIN Ji-shun LI Zhi-ping.
    2006, 28(3):  92-95.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.026
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    Because the polysilicon is dissolved in diesel oil and be-comes a dispersive system，it is necessary to remove the disturb by diesel oil using contrastive methods. Static and dynamic ex-periments can measure the dissolving rate of organic substance.The ratio of solution mass, K,，which is used as a parameter for quantify analysis. The result shows that polysilicon can improve
    the dissolving rate. In dynamic experiments，it is obvious that the dissolving rate by polysilicon is faster than diesel oil. But solotion ratio is similar with the static state. The microcosmic obnervation through glass model can prove directly that the solution of polysiliron is better than diesel oil. The experiments consider-ing the reservoir environment have proved that the solution of
    polysilicon to organic substance can improve the permeability of rock and it is a very important part of the enhanced flooding mechanism.
    油气化学工程与化工
    FEASIBILITY STUDY ON BIODEGRADATION OF DRILLING WASTEWATER
    WANG Bing XU Hui.
    2006, 28(3):  96-98.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.027
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    Drilling wastewater contains various organic additives and oil contaminants produced by the process of oil -gas exploration and development operation. By the technique of aerobic biologi cal treatment，we use the activated sludge taken from the munic-ipal sewage plant to disposal drilling wastewater, and investigate the biodegradation feasibility by determination the curves of bio-
    logical respiration rate. Some factors such as microorganism nutrition, Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid(MLSS) and acclimation of activated sludge have been studied to analysis the influence of biodegradation. Results show that biodegradation is feasible for drilling wastewater, and the acclimatized activated sludge has more efficiency.
    RESEARCH OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE FLU-ID LOSS AND THE FORM OF POLYMER IN CEMENT SLURRY
    YAN si -ming WANG Xiao-dong SONG Fang et al.
    2006, 28(3):  99-102.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.028
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    Using Acryie Amide and Acrylic Sulfonate ropolymer(AM/AS)，Hvdroxv Ethvlol Cellulose( HEC)and lxrlyethene ozidalion(PEO) as filtrate reducer in non-solvent to Than gr the form of marronrolerule，we have studied the relationship hetvrrn fluid loss and the changing form of marrornolrcule。and learned the mechanism of thr filtratereducers. Results shous that when the
    amount of non-solvent is more Thanthe amount in solvent，the adsorbing, curling and precipitating of macrolecule on the surface of cement particles contribute to plugging the passage of fluid loss and reducing the permeability of the filter cake, so that the amount of fluid loss of cement slurry is greatly reduced.
    IMPROVEMENT EFFECT OF SILICA FUME ON THE CEMENT PASTE IN SULFATE ATTACK
    XIAO Jia DENG De-hua YUAN Qiang et al.
    2006, 28(3):  103-105.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.029
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    The behavior of silica fume cement paste against sulfate at-tack has been studied. The experimental method used is long immersed tests, in which the hardened cement paste specimens are immersed in the 5% NazS04 solution. The strength change of the specimens with the time has been measured and phases of the specimens have been analyzed by XRD. Results indicate that
    the strength of the OPC paste specimens increases at an early stage and then decreases greatly following sulfate attack. The appearance and XRD analysis have indicated that the cause of their deterioration is the expansion of ettringite and the obvious reduclion of strength loss in silica fume cement paste specimens. The bending strength does not reduce, while the decrease coefficient of strength increases a little. The factor is that the Ca( OH ) 2 in
    the cement paste is reduced and the formation of expansive ettringite against sulfate attack is decreased yet by the dilute effect and the pozzolanic reaction of silica fume. Therefore, the silica fume may be mixed into cement concrete to improve their anti-sulfate attack.
    INFLUENCE OF MICROORGANISM OF OII. RECOV-ERY ON WATER INJECTION
    YI Xiang -yi LU Yuan WANG Hui.
    2006, 28(3):  106-108.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.030
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    To most of the high water containing oilfields, improving the effect of water injection is urgently solving problem. The mi-croorganism which grows and metabolizes in water can solve the problem by reducing the pH value of water and generate biologi-cal acid to enhance the acidity of water. The biological polymer produced by microorganism can increase the viscosity of water
    phase, so as to improve the sweep factor and reduce the ratio of water and oil. Meanwhile, the chemical precipitation by the combination of the growing bacteria and its metabolite and heavy-metal may form physical plug, so as to adjust the water injec-lion section, selectively seal the underground water and change the direction of flowed water. The bacteria may get into forma-
    lion and generate chemical precipitation in the throats and pores.Therefore，it could effectively seal the pores of water containing formation. Also, it is helpful to reduce the water influx.
    STUDY OF SLUDGE DAMAGE MECHANISM FOR PUTAOHUA RESERVOIR IN THE EAST OF DAQING PERIPNFRAL OILFIFID
    ZHOU Wan-fu; KANG Yan ZHOU Quan et al.
    2006, 28(3):  109-112.  DOI: 10.3863/j.issn.1000-2634.2006.03.031
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    In order to prevent the acid sludge forming during acidizing treatment for Putaohua formation in Daqing peripheral oilfield, the research on colloid and bitumen in oil , acid system , ferricion and anti-sludge agent has been carried out to determine the possibility of sludge forming. Indoor experiments show that hy-drogen- chloride and mud acid have stronger trend of causing
    sludge than phosphoric acid and acetic acid when contact with oil, which produce above 1 g sludge. Additionally the sludge in-creases with the higher concentration of ferric ion, and the spentacid also can produce some sludge, suitable anti-sludge agent can inhibit the forming of sludge obviously. It provides a better theoretical foundation for preventing sludge forming and guaran-teeing the acidizing effect.