Abstract: The new national system in the context of socialist market economy is the key to the success of socialism with Chinese characteristics, which fully embodies the advantage of Chinese system in mobilizing national resources for major events. This system has evolved from the embryonic stage in the period of New Democratic Revolution, to the formation and development stage in the period of socialist construction and the new period of reform and opening up, to the perfection in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Compared with the traditional national system, the new national system has significant differences in participants, resource allocation, strategic support and interest distribution. In the new stage of development, it is necessary to adhere and give full play to the new national system in dealing with the problem of imbalanced and inadequate development, which is China's route to the modernization of national governance in the era of great change and China's strategic measures to tackle the key problems in technology researches.

Key words: the new national system, the traditional national system, mobilize resources for major events, system advantage, Chinese system