英国北海X油田轴向海底扇砂体分布规律与控制因素分析

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2025.02.21.03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 海底扇储层是世界油气勘探开发的热点，砂体分布样式与成因复杂，目前，针对深水地堑轴向海底扇砂体的研究缺乏。以英国北海X油田上侏罗统B段为例，挖掘井震信息，开展古地貌恢复与砂体预测，明确深水地堑轴向海底扇砂体分布规律及控制因素。研究发现，海底扇砂体以近源过路型为主，平面呈条带状、朵叶状或舌状形态。其中，朵叶状砂体的长宽比多小于5，厚度与宽度大，表现为侧向迁移或溯源退积叠置样式，常见于B4油组；条带状砂体的长宽比多大于10，厚度与宽度小，表现为垂向加积叠置样式，发育于B2油组。海底扇砂体分布主要受控古地貌，地堑的差异沉降导致的纵向陡坡坡折(大于6°)，造成海底扇砂体呈现近源过路样式；内部地堑的限制性程度影响着海底扇的形态与叠置样式，相较于薄层富泥型海底扇砂体，厚层富砂型海底扇砂体受到的限制性相对弱，海底扇砂体多呈朵叶状或舌状形态与迁移叠置样式；地堑地貌的侧向对称性影响着海底扇的侧向发育位置与迁移方向。

关键词: 北海, 海底扇, 古地貌, 地堑, 分布样式

Abstract: Submarine fan reservoirs are a hotspot for oil and gas exploration and development in the world. The distribution pattern and genesis of sand bodies are complex. At present, there is a lack of research on the axial submarine fan sand bodies in deepwater grabens. Taking the B Formation of Upper Jurassic of the X Oilfield in the North Sea, UK as an example, this paper attempts to investigate the distribution patterns and controlling factors of axial submarine fan in the deep-water graben environment, by well and seismic data mining. The results show that submarine fan sand bodies are mainly of proximal bypass type, presenting banded, lobate or tongue shapes. Lobate sandbodies are thick and wide with a low length-width ratio of 5, which were formed by lateral migration or retrogradation superposition, commonly seen in B4 Oil Group. In contrast, banded sandbodies are relatively thin and narrow with a high length-width ratio of 10, which were formed by vertical superposition. This type of sandbodies is developed in the B2 Oil Group. The distribution of submarine fan sand bodies is mainly controlled by paleogeomorphology. The longitudinal steep slope (greater than 6°) driven by the differential subsidence of the graben, causes the submarine fan sand bodies to present proximal bypass type. The limitation of the internal graben affects the morphology and superposition style of the submarine fan. Compared with the thin mud-rich submarine fan sand bodies, the thick sand-rich submarine fan sand bodies are relatively less restricted, which are mostly lobate and tongue-shaped, and are lateral superposed. The lateral symmetry of the graben landform affects the lateral development position and migration direction of the submarine fan.

Key words: North Sea, submarine fan, paleogeomorphology, graben, distribution pattern

中图分类号:

P624
TE02

曹树春, 余季陶, 齐明明, 卜范青, 吴胜和, 沈默. 英国北海X油田轴向海底扇砂体分布规律与控制因素分析[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 47(6): 47-59.

CAO Shuchun, YU Jitao, QI Mingming, BU Fanqing, WU Shenghe, SHEN Mo. Distribution Patterns and Controlling Factors of Axial Submarine Fan Sandbodies in the X Oilfield, North Sea, UK[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2025, 47(6): 47-59.

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