西南石油大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 176-182.DOI: 10.11885/j.issn.16745086.2016.06.30.03

• 石油机械与油田化学 • 上一篇    

嗜蜡菌的筛选及其对稠油流变性的影响

王卫强, 李佳, 王国付, 张晓博   

  1. 辽宁石油化工大学石油天然气工程学院, 辽宁 抚顺 113001
  • 收稿日期:2016-06-30 修回日期:2017-06-23 出版日期:2017-08-01 发布日期:2017-08-01
  • 通讯作者: 王国付,E-mail:89212762@qq.com
  • 作者简介:王卫强,1974年生,男,满族,辽宁清原人,教授,博士,主要从事油气管道输送方面的研究工作。E-mail:wwq920285@163.com;李佳,1990年生,女,汉族,山东烟台人,硕士研究生,主要从事微生物除蜡方面的研究工作。E-mail:719921833@qq.com;王国付,1978年生,男,汉族,辽宁朝阳人,讲师,博士,主要从事油气储运方面的研究工作。E-mail:89212762@qq.com;张晓博,1990年生,女,汉族,辽宁抚顺人,硕士研究生,主要从事稠油降黏方面的研究工作。E-mail:372591377@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省科技厅项目(2015020604)

The Selection of Paraffin-degrading Bacteria and Their Effects upon the Rheological Characteristics of Heavy Crude Oil

WANG Weiqiang, LI Jia, WANG Guofu, ZHANG Xiaobo   

  1. College of Petroleum Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, Liaoning 113001, China
  • Received:2016-06-30 Revised:2017-06-23 Online:2017-08-01 Published:2017-08-01

摘要: 由于黏度大、流动性差等,稠油开发和集输面临较大的困难,而利用微生物改善稠油的性能比业界的传统做法更为经济、环保。从辽河油田活性污泥中筛选出一株嗜蜡菌(ZL 7),优化出其最佳培养温度为45 ℃,培养周期为7 d;含菌体的富集培养液(菌悬液)处理稠油7 d后,对稠油有较明显的降黏、除蜡的作用;利用聚焦光束反射测量仪(FBRM)监测稠油的粒径长度分布(CLD)与粒径分布(DDD),发现稠油小粒径所占比率上升,大粒径所占比率下降,粒径平均值较之前有所下降,有利于稠油乳状液的制备及分离。

关键词: 嗜蜡菌, 稠油, 降黏除蜡, 粒径

Abstract: The extraction of heavy crude oil presents challenges due to the high viscosity and immobility of the emulsions. Microbes may offer a more economical and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional methods for improving the rheological characteristics of heavy crude oil. A strain of paraffin-degrading bacteria (ZL-7) was screened from activated sludge collected from the Liaohe Oilfield. It was found that the optimal cultivation conditions occurred during a culture period of seven days at 45 ℃. The treatment of heavy crude oil using bacteria-containing enriched culture media (i.e., a bacterial suspension) for seven days resulted in a pronounced reduction of viscosity and paraffin content. Focused beam reflectance measurements were used to monitor the chord length distribution and droplet diameter distribution of the heavy crude oil during treatment. After treatment, it was found that the percentage of small and large diameter droplets had increased and decreased, respectively. This shows that the average diameter of the crude oil droplets decreased after treatment, which is beneficial to the preparation and isolation of heavy crude oil emulsions.

Key words: paraffin-degrading bacteria, heavy crude oil, viscosity and paraffin content reduction, droplet diameter

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