西南石油大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 11-25.DOI: 10.11885/j.issn.16745086.2021.04.28.05

• 深层和非常规油气钻完井专刊 • 上一篇    下一篇

川南深层各向异性页岩井壁失稳力学机理

李郑涛1, 张震1, 吴鹏程1, 马天寿2, 付建红2   

  1. 1. 中国石油西南油气田公司页岩气研究院, 四川 成都 610051;
    2. 油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室·西南石油大学, 四川 成都 610500
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-28 发布日期:2021-08-06
  • 通讯作者: 马天寿,E-mail:matianshou@126.com
  • 作者简介:李郑涛,1986年生,男,汉族,四川遂宁人,工程师,主要从事水平井钻井方面的研究。E-mail:lizhengtao@petrochina.com.cn
    张震,1991年生,男,汉族,四川成都人,工程师,硕士,主要从事岩石力学与井壁稳定研究。E-mail:zhangz91@petrochina.com.cn
    吴鹏程,1981年生,男,汉族,四川成都人,高级工程师,博士,主要从事页岩气水平井钻井方面的研究和管理工作。E-mail:wupengcheng@petrochina.com.cn
    马天寿,1987年生,男,汉族,四川绵阳人,研究员,博士(后),主要从事油气井工程教学与科研工作。E-mail:matianshou@126.com
    付建红,1964年生,男,汉族,湖北红安人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事深井超深井钻井、特殊工艺井钻井等方面的研究工作。E-mail:fujianhong@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技计划项目(2020JDJQ0055);四川盆地(钻完井工艺)研究中心项目(XNS页岩院JS2020-67);中国石油集团公司重大工程技术现场试验项目(2019F-31)

Mechanical Mechanisms of Wellbore Instability of Deep Anisotropic Shale in Southern Sichuan

LI Zhengtao1, ZHANG Zhen1, WU Pengcheng1, MA Tianshou2, FU Jianhong2   

  1. 1. Shale Gas Research Institute, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
  • Received:2021-04-28 Published:2021-08-06

摘要: 川南页岩埋藏深、岩性复杂、质地硬脆、层理发育、地应力复杂,水平井钻井井壁失稳事故时常发生,严重阻碍了深层页岩气高效开发进程。为此,以川南深层龙马溪页岩为对象,实验测定了页岩各向异性弹性和强度参数,通过成像测井分析了层理产状,通过室内实验和测井资料确定了地应力大小和方位,建立了各向异性页岩井壁坍塌压力模型,分析了不同地层条件的坍塌压力,并以川南深层页岩气井为例进行了验证。结果表明,页岩基质黏聚力和内摩擦角为13.00 MPa、39.50°,层理黏聚力和内摩擦角为11.10 MPa、28.50°,层理倾角5°~15°、倾向NE110°~NE120°;水平最大主应力114.69~117.23 MPa、水平最小主应力93.79~94.57 MPa、垂向地应力108.42~112.81 MPa;综合考虑弹性和强度各向异性计算的坍塌压力最高,强度各向异性的影响明显大于弹性各向异性;沿水平最大主应力钻进的水平井稳定性最好,其次为直井和小角度定向井,沿水平最小主应力方向钻进水平井时稳定性最差; L20X井实钻情况与预测结果基本一致,证实了模型的准确性。

关键词: 深层页岩气, 井壁稳定, 各向异性, 横观各向同性, 坍塌压力

Abstract: Wellbore instability problem usually occurs during horizontal drilling in deep shale reservoirs in Southern Sichuan basin, due to the deep buried depth, complicated lithology, hard brittle texture, well-developed bedding planes and complicated in-situ stresses, which seriously hinders the efficient development of deep shale gas. Thus, taking the deep Longmaxi shale in Southern Sichuan basin as the research objective, the anisotropic elastic and strength parameters of the shale were determined by experiments, the bedding occurrence was analyzed by using imaging logging data, and the in-situ stresses and its orientation were determined based on the indoor experiments and logging data. The wellbore collapse pressure model of anisotropic shale was established, and the collapse pressure with different formation conditions were analyzed and verified by taking the deep shale gas well in Southern Sichuan basin as an example. The results indicated that the cohesion and internal friction angle of shale matrix are 13.00 MPa and 39.50°respectively, while the cohesion and internal friction angle of bedding plane are 11.10 MPa and 28.50°respectively. The dip angle of bedding plane is 5~15ånd the azimuth angle of the bedding plane is NE110°~NE120°. The maximum horizontal stress, minimum horizontal stress and vertical stress are 114.69~117.23 MPa, 93.79~94.57 MPa and 108.42~112.81 MPa respectively. The collapse pressure is the highest when simultaneously considering the elastic anisotropy and strength anisotropy and the effect of strength anisotropy is obviously greater than that of elastic anisotropy. The stability of horizontal wells drilled along the direction of maximum horizontal principal stress is the best, followed by vertical wells and small-angle directional wells, while the stability of horizontal wells drilled along the direction of minimum horizontal principal stress is the worst. The actual drilling condition of well L20X is basically consistent with the predicted results, which confirms the accuracy of the model presented in this paper.

Key words: deep shale gas, wellbore stability, anisotropy, transverse isotropy, collapse pressure

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