哈拉哈塘地区共轭走滑断裂差异特征及演化

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2023.11.17.01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区发育非典型X型共轭走滑断裂，具有分区、分层、分段差异性及差异演化特征，制约了油气勘探开发。以哈拉哈塘地区3 400 km$^2$三维地震为基础，通过详细解析NE向和NW向两条走滑断裂分层及分段特征，分析其差异演化特征，推测其成因机制。结果表明：1)从北向南，断裂成熟度与延伸性变弱，NE向断层扰动增强；从深至浅，NW向断层对北东向干扰越来越弱，NE向断层则此消彼长；NW向断层变形程度与成熟度由深至浅变低，而NE向断层向上变形程度增强。2)哈拉哈塘地区走滑断层具有多期活动特征，可以划分为中奥陶世共轭断裂形成阶段、石炭—二叠纪张扭走滑断裂活化阶段及中—新生代张扭走滑断层活动阶段，不同方向走滑断裂演化有差异。3)不同时期断层的成因机制有所差异，中奥陶世走滑断裂受控于纯剪和单剪的叠加变形，并受控应力场、先存构造以及区域厚度等影响，自北向南应力的衰减及其相应的应力场变化造成南北断裂样式的差异性。

关键词: 共轭走滑断裂, 多期活动, 差异演化, 成因机制, 哈拉哈塘, 塔里木盆地

Abstract: Non-classical X-type conjugate strike-slip faults are observed in the Halahatang Oilfield, which have obvious differences in zoning, stratification, segmentation and evolution characteristics, constraining oil and gas exploration and exploitation. Based on the 3 400 km$^2$ seismic data, this paper describes the stratification and segmentation characteristics of two strike-slip faults in NE direction and NW direction, and analyzes the differential evolution characteristics and mechanism. The results show that 1) from north to south, fault maturity and extensibility become weaker, and stress perturbation by NE-striking faults increased; from deep to shallow layers, the disturbance effect of NW-trending faults on NE-trending faults became weaker; deformation degree and maturity decreases upward in NW-striking faults, but increases in NE-striking faults. 2) Strike-slip fault underwent multiple evolution stages in Halahatang Area, which can be divided into Middle Ordovician conjugate fault formation stage, Carboniferous-Permian transtensional strike-slip fault reactivation stage, and Meso-Cenozoic transtensional strike-slip fault reactivation stage. The NE- and NW-striking faults had differential fault evolution process. 3) Mechanism of fault formation and reactivation changes during the evolution process. The strike-slip fault system during the Middle Ordovician is controlled by the superimposed deformation of pure shear and simple shear, and were also controlled by stress field, pre-existing structure and regional strata thickness. The reduction of stress from north to south and the change of associated stress field resultes in the difference of fault styles in the south and north.

Key words: conjugate strike-slip fault, multi-stage faulting, differential evolution, mechanism, Halahatang Area, Tarim Basin

中图分类号:

TE122

陈利新, 王胜雷, 万效国, 苏洲, 马兵山. 哈拉哈塘地区共轭走滑断裂差异特征及演化[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2024, 46(4): 19-37.

CHEN Lixin, WANG Shenglei, WAN Xiaoguo, SU Zhou, MA Bingshan. Differential Characteristics and Evolution of Conjugate Strike Slip Faults in the Halahatang Area, Northern Tarim Basin[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2024, 46(4): 19-37.

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