起伏地表稳相黏弹叠前时间偏移方法及应用

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2020.01.03.03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 由于大地黏弹介质的吸收作用，地震波在地层中传播时会产生子波相位畸变、高频成分衰减等现象，不能满足薄砂体、小断裂、不整合面等地质现象刻画对地震资料振幅保真和高分辨率的要求。起伏地表稳相黏弹性叠前时间偏移方法是基于浮动基准面假设，通过引入等效\begin{document}$Q$\end{document}值实现沿地震波的传播路径补偿吸收衰减的目标，提出了起伏地表倾角道集的计算方法，并通过人机交互拾取菲涅尔带控制偏移噪声，实现起伏地表稳相黏弹性叠前时间偏移技术流程，恢复地震波被衰减的高频成分，从而达到提高地震成像分辨率的目的，在准噶尔盆地实际地震资料应用中取得明显的高分辨率处理效果。

关键词: 起伏地表, 稳相黏弹偏移, 菲涅尔带, 等效$Q$值, 准噶尔盆地, 分辨率

Abstract: Due to the absorption of the earth viscoelastic medium, the seismic wave propagates in the formation, which will cause the phase distortion of the wavelet and the attenuation of the high-frequency components. It cannot satisfy the requirements of the description of geological phenomena such as thin sand bodies, small faults and unconformity surfaces on the amplitude fidelity and resolution of seismic data. The stationary-phase viscoelastic prestack time migration method for rugged topography is based on the floating datum hypothesis. The method aims at compensating absorption attenuation along the propagation path of seismic wave. By introducing the equivalent \begin{document}$Q$\end{document} value, we propose the calculation method for dip gather of rugged topography, and control migration noise by the human-computer interaction picking up the Fresnel zone, realize the stationary-phase viscoelastic prestack time migration technical process for rugged topography, recover the high frequency components of the seismic wave attenuation, and achieves the purpose of improving the seismic imaging resolution. The obvious high-resolution processing results are obtained in the application of actual seismic data in the Junggar Basin.

Key words: rugged topography, stationary-phase viscoelastic migration, resnel zone, equivalent $Q$, Junggar Basin, resolution

中图分类号:

TE122

马军茂, 潘龙, 李静, 丁国荣, 石星. 起伏地表稳相黏弹叠前时间偏移方法及应用[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 44(1): 91-99.

MA Junmao, PAN Long, LI Jing, DING Guorong, SHI Xing. Stationary-phase Viscoelastic Prestack Time Migration for Rugged Topography and Its Application[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2022, 44(1): 91-99.

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http://journal15.magtechjournal.com/Jwk_xnzk/CN/Y2022/V44/I1/91

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