Table of Content

15 February 2021, Volume 6 Issue 2

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Effects of Periplaneta americana Polypeptide PAP-2 on Angiogenesis, Invasiveness and Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Zhang Honghan, Zhang Rui, Wang Yao, Lü Hong, Wu Dingyu, Peng Fang

2021, 6(2):  1-9.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 001

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Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Periplaneta americana peptides PAP-2 on the angiogenesis,
invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by in vivo experiments. Methods: Establish a tumor-bearing model of Balb/c mice
and observe the effects of Periplaneta americana peptides PAP-2, CⅡ-3 and skimmed cream on tumor growth ability. Hematoxylineosin（
HE）staining was used to observe the pathological changes of tumor tissue. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）and
immunohistochemical staining（IHC）methods were used to determine serum levels of basic fibroblast growth factor（bFGF）, CD34
molecule, metal matrix proteinase-9（MMP-9）and transforming growth factor-β（TGF-β）in mice serum, and the expression level of
the corresponding protein in the tumor tissue. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time qPCR） was used to
determine the mRNA expression levels of bFGF, MMP-9 and TGF-β in tumor tissues. Results: PAP-2 can inhibit the growth of
tumors and increase the organ index of mice. HE staining of H22 tumor-bearing mice showed necrosis in different dose groups. PAP-2
can down-regulate the bFGF content in the serum of mice; PAP-2 can down-regulates the expression of bFGF, CD34, MMP-9 and
TGF-β proteins in tumor tissues better than C Ⅱ -3 and skimmed cream（P < 0.05）. Different doses of PAP-2 can promote the
expression of MMP-9 mRNA, bFGF mRNA, and TGF-β mRNA in tumor tissues. Conclusion: PAP-2 can inhibit the tumor growth of
H22 tumor-bearing mice, and its mechanism is related to the down-regulation of bFGF, CD34, MMP-9 and TGF-β protein expression
in hepatocarcinoma tissues, PAP-2 has a better effect than CⅡ-3 and skimmed cream.

Study on the Antioxidant Activity of Different Periplaneta americana Extracts

He Ying, Gu Ting, Yang Yongshou, Xiao Peiyun

2021, 6(2):  10-14.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 002

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Objective: To study the antioxidant activity of different extracts of Periplaneta americana. Methods: Extracts of
Periplaneta americana were extracted with different polar solvents and prepared as water extract（PAW）, ethanol extract（PAEE）, nbutanol
extract（PABA）, ethyl acetate extract（PAEA）and petroleum ether extract（PAPE）. The antioxidant activity of different
extracts of Periplaneta americana was evaluated by determining the scavenging ability of hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical,
DPPH radical, ABTS radical, total reduction ability and Fe2+ chelation ability. Results: At the same dose concentration, the scavenging
rates of DPPH and ABTS and total reduction capacity were significantly higher at the PABA and PAEA than other extracts, and PABA
was superior to PAEA. At the same time, the PABA had strong chelating ability of Fe2+ ion, followed by PAEE; PAEE and PAW had
higher scavenging ability to free hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anions than the other three extracts. Conclusion: The above results
showed that the antioxidant activity of 5 extracts of Periplaneta americana was significantly different, but all of them had certain
antioxidant activity, which provided experimental basis for the further development and utilization of resources of Periplaneta
americana.

Effects of Shensong-Yangxin Capsule on the Four Subtypes of CYP450 in Rats

Miao Zhimin, Lai Yong

2021, 6(2):  15-19.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 003

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Objective: To study the effects of Shensong-yangxin capsule on four subtypes of CYP450（CYP3A1, CYP2D1, CYP2C11
and CYP1A2）in rats by using the method of "Cocktail" probe drugs. Methods: Low, middle and high concentrations of Shensongyangxin
capsule were orally administered to rats for 15 days, respectively. On the 16th day, rats in each group were intraperitoneally
injected with "Cocktail" probe drugs （midazolam, metoprolol, omeprazole and caffeine）, and plasma concentrations and
pharmacokinetic parameters of each probe were determined. Results: Compared with the control group, low, middle and high
concentrations of Shengsong-yangxin capsule had significant effects on the pharmacokinetic parameters of omeprazole, metoprolol and
midazolam decreased, but no significant influence in caffeine. Conclusion: Shensong-yangxin capsule has no obvious effects on the
activity of CYP1A2, and it may have inhibitory effects on the activities of CYP2C11, CYP2D1, and CYP3A1.

Effects of Different Concentrations of Pyrazinamide on Intestinal Microorganisms in Mice

Jiang Mingzhao, Miao Zhimin, Zhao Yingying, Lai Yong

2021, 6(2):  20-24.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 004

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Objective: To investigate the effects of pyrazinamide on intestinal flora in mice. Methods: A solvent control group, a lowdose
pyrazinamide group and a high-dose pyrazinamide group were set up with 10 mice in each group. Three groups of fresh feces were
collected for 16S rRNA sequencing and analyzed by bioinformatics methods to determine the diversity of mouse intestinal flora.
Results: At the phylum level, the low-dose group, the high-dose group, and the solvent control group are dominated by Bacteroidetes
and Firmicutes, and their dominant flora accounted for 47.02%, 51.46%, 56.24%, 41.65%, 76.14% and 20.83%, respectively. At the
genus level, the low-dose group is dominated by Bacteroides（8.42%）and Oscillospira（1.41%）; the high-dose group is dominated by
Lactobacillus（2.74%）, Odoribacter（1.20%）and Bacteroides（1.14%）; the solvent control group is mainly Prevotella（3.54%）and
Bifidobacterium（1.81%）. Compared with the solvent control group, the amino acid, energy and polysaccharide metabolism of the
pyrazinamide group were significantly reduced（P < 0.05）. Conclusion: Pyrazinamide can change the composition and metabolic
function of intestinal flora.

Preliminary Study on the Protective Effects of Diaphragma juglandis Fructus Extract on HIRI in Rats

Wang Yongkuan, Tian Xinyan, Su Juan, Pang Bo, Zhou Ping

2021, 6(2):  25-28.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 005

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Objective: To explore the protective effects of Diaphragma juglandis Fructus extract pretreatment on rat hepatic ischemiareperfusion
injury（HIRI）. Methods: 30 SD male rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group（S group）, the ischemiareperfusion
group（I/R group）and the drug treatment group（DJ group）, with 10 rats in each group. The DJ group was given the
administration intervention of the extracts of Diaphragma juglandis Fructus, and the S, I/R groups were given the same volume of 0.9%
sodium chloride solution. After 14 days, a rat HIRI model was established, except for the S group. After 24 hours, samples were taken to
detect the liver function and biochemical indexes of ischemic tissue, and the pathological changes of liver tissue were observed by
hematoxylin-eosin staining. Results: Compared with S group, the activities of AST, ALT and XOD in liver tissues of I/R group increased
（P < 0.01）, the contents of MDA, Hcy and NO increased（P < 0.05 or P < 0.01）, while SOD and GSH-Px levels decreased（P < 0.01）.
Observed under a fluorescence microscope, the rat liver cells in the I/R group were obviously degenerated and necrotic, while the abovementioned
conditions in the DJ group pretreated by the administration were improved to varying degrees. Conclusion: The pretreatment
of the ethyl acetate extract of Diaphragma juglandis Fructus has a certain antioxidant effects on HIRI in rats.

Protective Effects of Xigui Polysaccharide on Sleep Deprivation Injury in Mice

Ma Jujuan, Cao Zugao, Guo Meixian, Shen Lei, Chen Ruixiang, Liu Xiaobo

2021, 6(2):  29-33.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 006

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Objective: To study the protective effect of Xigui polysaccharide on sleep deprivation induced injury. Methods: Mice
were randomly divided into a control group, a sleep deprivation 48 h group, a diazepam group（10 mg/kg）, and high, medium and low
dose groups of Xigui polysaccharide［400, 200, 100 mg /（kg·d）］. The diazepam group was given drugs on the last day, and the other
groups were given corresponding drugs by gavage for 7 days. After the last administration, malondialdehyde（MDA）, nitric oxide（NO）,
glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）activity, liver and kidney glycogen content, thymus and spleen index, and acetylcholinesterase
（AChE）activity were measured. Results: Compared with the sleep deprivation 48 h group, the content of MDA and NO, the activity of
GSH-Px were decreased, the glycogen formation ability of liver and kidney was restored, the index of thymus and spleen was increased,
and the AChE activity was decreased, the effect of high dose group was better（P＜0.01）. Conclusion: Xigui polysaccharide has
protective effects on oxidative damage, energy reserve, immunity, learning and memory function after sleep deprivation.

Inhibitory Effects of Vespa velutina Extract on HepG2 Human Hepatoma Cells

Yang Qiaoling, Zhao Ruodan, Liu Xiaobo, Guo Meixian, Chen Xubing

2021, 6(2):  34-38.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 007

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Objective: To study the effects of Vespa velutina extract on the proliferation of HepG2 human hepatoma cells. Methods:
Vespa velutina extract of different concentrations were applied to HepG2 human hepatoma cells cultured in vitro, and MTT assay was
used to detect the absorbance value and calculate the cell inhibition rate. Results: The inhibition rates of ethyl acetate layer extract
（HJ2）, n-butanol layer extract（HJ3）, water layer extract（HJ4）and total ethanol extract（HJ5）of 1 000.0 μg/mL of Vespa velutina
on HepG2 human hepatoma cells were 60.96%, 62.95%, 62.39% and 65.98% respectively, and the inhibitory effects decreased with
the decrease of concentration; the half inhibition concentrations of HJ2, HJ3, HJ4 and HJ5 of Vespa velutina were 211.8, 173.6, 124.0
and 165.1 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Vespa velutina extract has a certain inhibition effect on the growth of HepG2 human
hepatoma cells in vitro, and there is a dose-dependent effect, among which the water layer and total ethanol extract of Vespa velutina
were better.

Study on the Mechanism of Ranunculus ternatus in the Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Based on#br# Network Pharmacology

Liu Xiangfang, Wang Lu, Chen Jie, Sun Hui, Lu Shaoyu, Liu Xing

2021, 6(2):  39-45.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 008

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Objective: To explore the potential mechanism of Ranunculus ternatus in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Methods: The active components and targets of Ranunculus ternatus were predicted and screened by TCMSP database, Cytoscape 3.6.1
software was used to construct the network diagram of active components and targets in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, using
STRING database to build PPI network. Bioconductor data were used to analyze the GO function and KEGG signaling pathway of the
target. Results: 12 active components and 14 potential therapeutic targets were screened, signaling pathways that may be associated
with tuberculosis were obtained by KEGG analysis: Apoptosis, p53 signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway; and corresponding
genes are BCL2, BAX, CASP9, CASP3, CASP8, and JUN. Conclusion: The active components of Ranunculus ternatus may act on
BCL2, BAX, CASP9 and other targets through apoptosis, p53 signaling pathway and IL-17 signaling pathway, and it is characterized by
multiple components, multiple targets and multiple pathways.

The Mechanism of Tongxie-Yaofang in Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease Based on#br# Network Pharmacology

Suo Guangxi, Hu Changxiao, Xiao Tianbao

2021, 6(2):  46-50.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 009

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Objective: To study the mechanism of Tongxie-Yaofang in treating inflammatory bowel disease using network pharmacology.
Methods: Effective chemical compositions and targets of drugs in Tongxie-Yaofang was searched in the Traditional Chinese Medicine
System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform（TCMSP）. Then the targets of IBD were obtained through GeneCards and
OMIM databases, the R software was used to find the common target and a "pharmaceutical component-disease target" network was
constructed by means of Cytoscape software. Finally, a common target protein interaction network was constructed through the STRING
website, core targets were screened out and the mechanism of its action was explored through GO analysis and KEGG pathway
enrichment analysis. Results: The study has found 39 effective pharmaceutical ingredients and 125 biological targets. Among the 104
targets that coincide with the disease, the core targets are IL6, AKT1, MAPK3, JUN, CASP3, and MAPK1, etc. The molecular functions
involved in GO analysis are mainly amide binding, nuclear receptor activity, transcription factor activity, phosphatase binding, and
steroid hormone receptor activity. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis is mainly for TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway,
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway etc. Conclusion: Tongxie-Yaofang is used to treat inflammatory bowel disease through "multicomponents,
multi-targets, and multi-pathways", which lays a foundation for the next step of experimental verification and new drug
development.

National Evaluation Sampling Test of the Quality Analysis of Olopatadine Hydrochloride Oral#br# Preparations

Li Baoxia, Dong Shuangtao, Zhang Chunhong, Ma Zheng

2021, 6(2):  51-54.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 010

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Objective: To evaluate the quality of olopatadine hydrochloride oral preparations in our country. Based on the problems
found in the study, some suggestions were put forward to solve the problems. Methods: The research was carried out according to the
current standards, then the results were counted and analyzed. Based on the concept of risk control, new methods of related substances
were established and exploratory studies on genotoxic impurities were carried out. Results: The qualified rate was 100.0% based on the
current quality standard. In the exploratory study, the defects of the quality standard including related substances method and
dissolution method were pointed out, and then the suggestions were given. Conclusion: The overall quality evaluation of the domestic
olopatadine hydrochloride oral preparations is "fairly good", but the quality standard should be improved.

Expression of Cx26 in Acute Liver Injury Induced by D-galactosamine

Wang Bin, Lai Shuolin, Song Yujiao, He Xinran, Wang Yeting, Zhao Shanyu

2021, 6(2):  55-58.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 011

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Objective: To study the effect of Connexin（Cx）26 on acute liver injury induced by D-galactosamine in rats. Methods:
To establish the model of acute liver injury induced by D-galactosamine, bifendatatum was used as positive drug. The liver-body
ratio, serum aspartate aminotransferase（AST）and alanine aminotransferase（ALT）levels were measured. Pathological changes were
observed by microscope. Cx26 protein was quantitatively analyzed by Western Blot（WB）. The mRNA expression of Cx26 was
detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time qPCR）. Results: D-galactosamine caused acute liver
injury, cell necrosis was observed and inflammatory reaction was induced. The content of AST and ALT was significantly increased
（P < 0.05）. The protein content of Cx26 in the liver increased significantly （P < 0.05）, while the mRNA content decreased
significantly（P < 0.01）. Intervention with bifendatatum did not reverse the damage caused by D-galactosamine and the abnormal
expression of Cx26. Conclusion: D-galactosamine can cause abnormal increase of Cx26 protein expression in rat liver, which may be
one of the pathogenic mechanisms, and also provide a potential target for the treatment of liver injury.

Study on the Association between the Polymorphism of miR-27a and miR-605 Genes and Severe#br# Spermatogenesis Impairment

Sun Wenwen, Ke Hongli, A Zhoucun

2021, 6(2):  59-62.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 012

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Objective: To investigate the association between the polymorphism of SNP rs895819 in miR-27a gene as well as SNP
rs2043556 in miR-605 gene and severe spermatogenesis impairment. Methods: The polymorphic distribution of SNP rs895819 and
rs2043556 were investigated by using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism assay in 318 patients
with severe spermatogenesis impairment （including azoospermia and severe oligospermia） and 234 normal men. Results: The
frequencies of allele C（36.2% vs. 29.1%, P = 0.013, OR = 1.383, 95%CI is 1.070-1.788）and individuals with allele C（TC/CC）
（57.2% vs. 48.3%, P = 0.037, OR = 1.433, 95%CI is 1.021-2.012）were significantly higher in patients with severe spermatogenesis
impairment than normal men, whereas genotype TT（42.8% vs. 51.7%，P =0.037，OR =0.698，95%CI is 0.497~0.980）was significantly
lower than normal men at SNP rs2043556 locus. The differencesinalleleandgenotypefrequenciesofSNPrs8959189werenotsignificant
betweenpatientsand normal men（P>0.05）.Conclusion: The polymorphism of SNP rs2043556 in miR-605 gene may be associated with
severe spermatogenesis impairment and affect the risk of severe spermatogenesis impairment.

Clinical Study on Continuous Intracranial Pressure Monitoring during and after Minimally Invasive#br# Surgery for Supratentorial Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Wu Zeyu, Sun Jie, Liu Xinghai, Ouyang Chao, Su Ping, Gao Hong

2021, 6(2):  63-66.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 013

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Objective: To explore the clinical value of intracranial pressure monitoring in minimally invasive treatment of high blood
pressure supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods: A total of 68 patients with hypertensive supratentorial cerebral
hemorrhage who received minimally invasive treatment from June 2017 to June 2019 in the Ganmei Hospital of Kunming Medical
University were selected and randomly divided into monitoring group and control group with 34 cases each. Continuous intracranial
pressure monitoring was performed during and after the operation in the monitoring group, and the control group was subjected to
routine monitoring after operation. The case data of the two groups were compared. Results: The volume of intraoperative hematoma
aspiration, postoperative mannitol use and the number of CT reexamination in the monitoring group were less than those in the control
group; the length of stay and the length of stay of neurosurgery intensive care unit in the monitoring group was shorter than that in the
control group; the bad prognosis rate of Glasgow Outcome Scale in the monitoring group was lower than that in the control group at 3
months after discharge, and all the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Conclusion: Continuous intracranial pressure
monitoring during and after operation can grasp the change of intracranial pressure in real time, reduce the frequency of reexamination
of CT, reduce the number of days of hospitalization and short-term poor prognosis, which is worthy of clinic popularization and
application.

Analysis of Multiple Gene Sequencing Results of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma with#br# Hereditary Ophthalmopathy

Zhou Jin, Yao Lei, Liu Jun, Ye Longling, Zhang Yi, Chen Jin

2021, 6(2):  67-71.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 014

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Objective: To screen 404 possible pathogenic genes in a family of primary open-angle glaucoma（POAG）in China.
Methods: A total of 9 samples were collected from a POAG family in Hefei Mingren Eye Hospital, and genetic testing for ophthalmologyrelated
genetic eye diseases was performed. Results: The patient and some members（patient´s daughter）were found to have the same
two heterozygous mutations, namely the Leu282Phe heterozygous mutation of the RPGRIP1 gene and the Ser107Leu heterozygous
mutation of the OPA1 gene. However, only the patient was with glaucoma, and his daughter（9 years old）did not have the symptoms.
Conclusion: It is speculated that there may be some glaucoma pathogenic genes that we do not know yet. It is known that
ophthalmology-related pathogenic genes do not cover all glaucoma. The genetic monitoring of this glaucoma family is to be further
studied in order to provide reference for further research on gene therapy for glaucoma.

Study on Acupuncture Depths of Qihaishu Acupoints Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Hu Jinbo, Huang Jing, Wang Shunmei, Wang Bin

2021, 6(2):  72-75.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 015

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Objective: Using magnetic resonance imaging technology to observe the anatomical structures of Qihaishu acupoints and
measure the acupuncture depths to further clarify the anatomical levels, thus providing more accurate basis for clinical acupuncture
depths. Methods: The cross-sectional images of 36 adult volunteers´ Qihaishu acupoints were collected with a magnetic resonance
instrument, the anatomical levels were observed and analyzed, and the risk depths of straight piercing were tested. Results: The risk
depths of the right and left Qihaishu acupoints were（10.72±1.08）cm and（10.55±1.01）cm for males, and were（9.61±1.57）cm and
（9.56±1.52）cm for females. The risk depths were highly correlated with body builds. The risk depths of males were greater than those
of females, and the difference was statistically significant（P＜0.01）. Conclusion: Magnetic resonance sectional image can clarify the
anatomical structure of Qihaishu acupoints. On the basis of 0.8-1.0 inch straight piercing, the acupuncture depths can be adjusted
moderately according to body builds of the patients.

Ultrasonic Anatomy of Brachial Plexus and its Advantages of Ultrasound-Guided Block

Xu Jiashun, Li Xiaodong, Wang Wenlei

2021, 6(2):  76-77.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 016

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Objective: To investigate the ultrasonic anatomy of brachial plexus and the advantages of brachial plexus block guided by
ultrasound. Methods: High frequency ultrasound was used in scanning the brachial plexus branches in 18 healthy volunteers with both
sides, and the longitudinal and transversal views were obtained, the advantages of brachial plexus block guided by ultrasound was
analysed. Results: High-frequency ultrasound can clearly show the position, course and anatomic relationship of normal brachial
plexus. Under the ultrasound-guided, the operation time of brachial plexus block is short and the success rate is high. Conclusion:
High-frequency ultrasound could clearly show the anatomic structure of the brachial plexus. Visualization block guided by ultrasound
is safe and reliable, and is worth clinic popularization and application.

Differential Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Breast Masses by Conventional Ultrasound#br# Integral Method

Tan Zhifeng, Chen Haiyan, Wang Jing, Zhu Danqing, Liu Qingqing

2021, 6(2):  78-81.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 017

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Objective: To explore the malignant signs of breast masses by conventional ultrasound （US） and to evaluate the
diagnostic efficiency of US integral method in differentiating benign and malignant breast masses. Methods: The US images of 120
cases of benign and malignant breast masses confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively, and the value of US malignant signs
were assigned and integrated. The receiver operating characteristic curve（ROC）was applied to analyze the cut-off value of integration
method and its diagnostic efficiency. Kappa-test was used to evaluate the consistency between US integral method and pathological
diagnosis. Results: Two-dimensional morphological characteristics, Adler blood flow classification and age were significantly different
between benign and malignant groups（P <0.01）, which were malignant signs of US. When taking the score 7 as the best cut-off value
of US integral method, the diagnostic efficiency is the best（sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and Youden index were 92.20%, 92.80%,
92.50% and 0.850 respectively）; the Kappa value between US integral method and pathological diagnosis was 0.847（P < 0.01）.
Conclusion: US integral method has high diagnostic value in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast masses, and its
consistency with pathological diagnosis is high.

Discussion on the Analysis Method of Quality Control Index of ELISA Laboratories in Blood Stations

Diao Libo, Liang Yanjiao

2021, 6(2):  82-85.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 018

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Objective: To analyze the testing data of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）laboratories, and discuss the
methods to improve the testing ability by monitoring the testing quality through quality monitoring indicators. Method: The test data of
a laboratory from January 2018 to August 2019 were statistically analyzed. The retest/initial reactivity rate of each reagent, the
dispersion index of retest reactivity rate of each batch of the same reagent, and the monthly detection reactivity rate distribution of each
reagent were analyzed. The quality monitoring index values and the trend of changes in the line chart were observed, and a
retrospective analysis of the ELISA was conducted. Results: A total of 54 622 specimens were tested, using 62 batches of 8 ELISA
reagents; the highest retest/first test reactivity rate was 51.88%（HBsAg reagent 2）, and the lowest was 20.59%（anti-HCV reagent 1）.
Using χ2 test to compare the retest reactivity rate of two reagents in the same project, it was found that the reactivity rates of HBsAg
retests were statistically significant（P < 0.05）, and the reactivity rates of anti-HCV, anti-HIV and anti-TP were not statistically
significant（P＞0.05）. There are 4 kinds of reagents with retest/initial test reactivity rate >35%, and among the index of dispersion
degree of retest rate of the same reagent in each batch, there are 5 types with CV < 50%. Conclusion: Through continuous monitoring
and periodic and retrospective analysis of the laboratory quality monitoring indicators of ELISA, it is conducive to the evaluation and
improvement of the test process control, and gradually improve the laboratory testing quality.

Dynamic Analysis on Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Hospital#br# from 2015 to 2019

Zhang Yulin, Ai Zhiqiong, Lu Ang, Xie Kexin, Li Fuxing, Wu Xiumei

2021, 6(2):  86-89.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 019

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Objective: To dynamically analyze the distribution and drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical
samples of the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University from 2015 to 2019, and to provide reference in rational antibiotics use for
clinicians. Methods: Routine isolation and culture, strain identification and drug sensitivity test were carried out on the clinical
samples collected during 2015 to 2019. The data were analyzed with WHONET 5.6 and SPSS 20.0 software. Results: A total of 609
PAE non-repetitive strains were isolated in the hospital from 2015 to 2019, and the numbers of PAE strains isolated increased year by
year. Among them, the samples with the highest detection rate were sputum, followed by secretions and alveolar lavage fluid.
Meanwhile, the top three departments of isolated PAE were Respiratory Medicine, ICU and Pediatrics. The results of the drug
susceptibility test showed that the overall resistance rate of PAE to imipenem, ceftazidime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, gentamicin and
cefepime showed a trend change during 5 years, and the difference in resistance rate between the years was statistically significant（P <
0.05）. Its resistance rate to nitrofurantoin and compound sulfamethoxazole did not change significantly, but the resistance rate to
amikacin fluctuated in the 5 years. Conclusion: The trend of antibiotics resistance of PAE was stable in the past 5 years. The dynamic
monitoring of bacterial drug resistance should be strengthened to guide the rational use of antibiotics in clinic.

（责任编辑李杨）#br# Distribution and Drug Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection#br# in a Hospital in Dali City from 2017 to 2019

Cheng Mingjing, Li Fuxing, Hu Shenghe

2021, 6(2):  90-94.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 020

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Objective: To analyze the distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, drug resistance and its changing trend in the
First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University. Methods: Sputum, alveolar lavage fluid, blood, secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, pus and bile
specimens of hospitalized patients from January 2017 to December 2019 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University were isolated
and cultured, and the bacteria were identified, the drug sensitivity tested, the results determined, and the data were statistically
analyzed. Results: A total of 333 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated, with the specimens mainly from sputum（90.99%）
of the patients in pediatrics department（53.75%）. Infants aged ≤1 year accounted for 36.64% of the total number, patients aged 1 to 18
years（including 18 years old）accounted for 19.22%, patients aged 18 to 60 years（including 60 years old）accounted for 19.52%, and
patients aged over 60 years accounted for 24.62%. Streptococcus pneumoniae accounted for 2.31% of all isolated bacteria, and its
proportion in bacterial isolation was calculated quarterly: the proportion in the first quarter（3.09%）> that in the fourth quarter（2.57%）
> that in the second quarter（2.09%）> that in the third quarter（1.77%）, but there was little difference in Streptococcus pneumoniae
separation rate between quarters. Streptococcus pneumoniae has high resistance rates to tetracycline, erythromycin and compound
sulfamethoxazole（70.40%-93.65%）, has low resistance rates to chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, meropenem, amoxicillin, cefotaxime,
levofloxacin, telithromycin, ofloxacin, moxifloxacin（0.00%-27.20%）, and no Streptococcus pneumoniae resistant to vancomycin,
ertapenem and linezolid was found. Conclusion: Streptococcus pneumoniae was mainly isolated from sputum specimens, and the infection
cases were mainly distributed in pediatrics. Children≤1 year were the main body of infection. The separation rate of Streptococcus
pneumoniae was not significantly different among quarters. Penicillin, amoxicillin and third generation cephalosporin can be used as
first-line drugs in the treatment of pneumococcal infection in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University.

Meta-Analysis of EV71 Vaccination Willingness and Its Influencing Factors among Parents of#br# Children Aged ≤5 Years in China

He Zuo, You Fengfeng, Zhou Zhou

2021, 6(2):  95-100.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2021. 02. 021

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Objective: To understand the willingness and influencing factors of enterovirus71（EV71）vaccination, and to provide
scientific basis for vaccination and prevention and control strategies of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods: All published studies in
China from January 2015 to March 2019 about EV71 vaccination willingness and its influencing factors were found by literature search.
The quality of the included literature was evaluated and Meta-analysis was carried out by Stata 14.0 software. Results: A total of 21
studies were included, and 20 423 cases were studied. The combined effect value of EV71 vaccination intention was 68%（95%CI:
0.60-0.75）. The Meta-analysis showed that the high family income（OR=1.219, 95%CI: 1.093-1.359）, high parental education（OR=
1.249, 95%CI: 1.108-1.409）, urban household registration（OR = 1.473, 95%CI: 1.256-1.728）, high degree of disease awareness
（OR=1.149, 95%CI: 1.080-1.223）, good vaccine awareness（OR=1.492, 95%CI: 1.192-1.867）, low vaccine price（OR=2.008, 95%CI:
1.041-3.874）and high vaccine safety（OR=3.916, 95%CI: 2.091-7.334）were the promoting factors for EV71 vaccination willingness.
Parental gender, parental age, child gender, child age, child type, household registration and history of illness were not considered to be
the influencing factor of vaccination willingness. Sensitivity analysis showed that the combined results of the influencing factors were
stable and reliable except for the parental gender, child age, household registration and illness history. Conclusion: Parents of children
aged ≤5 years old in China had low willingness to vaccinate EV71. Reducing the price of vaccines and improving the safety of vaccines
are the key factors to improve their willingness. At the same time, we should popularize relevant knowledge and pay attention to
accurate publicity to eliminate parents´ worry about vaccination.