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Analysis and Research on the Mathematics Test Papers of Yunnan Province Academic Test for the Junior High School Students in Recent Years Shen Fanqi, Liang Xiyao, Qian Yuchen, He Ke, Zhang Chaoyuan Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (6): 95-100.   Abstract （177）      PDF （4839KB）（19）    Knowledge map    Save In 2022， Yunnan Province implemented the new reform of the academic test for the junior high school students （referred to as the "middle school entrance examination"）. Compared with previous years， the number of questions， the proportion of score and the structure of the examination paper have changed greatly. This research compares the mathematics test papers of the middle school entrance examination in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2022， and makes a comparative analysis of the difficulty level， the amount of questions， and the penetration of core competencies， so as to provide a reference for junior high school mathematics teachers' teaching and candidates' review. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Numerical Simulation of Two Wooden Frame Structures of the Bai Dwellings in Dali Zhao Jing, Li Yan Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (6): 38-43.   Abstract （148）      PDF （8564KB）（4）    Knowledge map    Save This study focuses on the overall performance of traditional wooden dwellings in Dali Bai area. Two commonly used wooden frame structures in Dali Bai dwellings were selected as research objects， and the ANSYS finite element numerical simulation method was used to establish a structural overall model. The deformation and stress characteristics of two wooden frame structures under static load were analyzed， and the displacement and acceleration responses of the two wooden frame structures under earthquake loads were obtained through time history analysis. The results showed that under load， the peak deformation of the two wooden frames was within the allowable range，and the compressive， bending and shear bearing capacities of the components all met the requirements. According to the modal analysis， the longitudinal stiffness of the wooden frame was weak， and the transverse stiffness was slightly greater than the longitudinal stiffness， which conformed to the general vibration sequence of the structure. On the basis of modal analysis， the dynamic response analysis of wooden frame was carried out， obtained a comparison between two types of wooden frames， the dynamic amplification factors of each node of the two wooden frames did not show significant differences. The peak displacement and acceleration response did not appear at the same time， and there was a certain phase difference. In conclusion， the two types of Dali Bai traditional wooden frame structures are basically intact and currently in a safe state. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Influence of Different Tranexamic Acid Regimens on Patients with Severe Knee Osteoarthritis after Total Knee Arthroplasty Song Xunzhou, Wang Hongping, Wang Mingyou, Lan Yuping Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (10): 47-51.   Abstract （134）      PDF （4383KB）（70）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To investigate the influence of different tranexamic acid regimens on patients with severe knee osteoarthritis after total knee arthroplasty（TKA）. Methods： A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of patients who underwent unilateral TKA for the first time at the Department of Orthopedics， Panzhihua Central Hospital， from January 2019 to November 2021. According to different postoperative tranexamic acid regimens， the patients were divided into a control group （intravenous infusion of 1 g tranexamic acid at 3 and 6 hours after surgery） and an experimental group （intravenous infusion of 1 g tranexamic acid at 3， 6 hours， 1， and 2 days after surgery）. The postoperative laboratory indicators， total perioperative blood loss and blood transfusion， occurrence of deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs， postoperative pain， knee joint swelling， and knee joint function were compared between the two groups. Results： The total perioperative blood loss， perioperative blood transfusion rate， resting pain score and knee swelling degree of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group， while the knee function score of the experiment group was significantly higher than that of the control group， with statistical significance （P<0.05）. Conclusion： Prolonged use of tranexamic acid after TKA can further reduce blood loss， alleviate inflammatory response， reduce pain and swelling in the surgical area， and promote rapid recovery in patients， which is worthy of clinical promotion. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Chemical Constituents of the Root of Agapetes lacei var. tomentella Li Jing, Ling Haowei, Shi Kaixuan, Liu Rong, Xiao Chaojiang, Jiang Bei, Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 1-5.   Abstract （103）      PDF （3670KB）（186）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To study the chemical constituents of the dried root of Agapetes lacei var. tomentella. Methods： Silica gel column chromatography and thin layer chromatography were used to isolate and purify the ethyl acetate fraction of the 75% ethanol extract of the root of A. lacei var. tomentella， and the chemical structures of the compounds were identified based on physicochemical properties and modern spectroscopic techniques. Results： Ten compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the 75% ethanol extract of the root of A. lacei var. tomentella and identified as 3α，23-O-isopropylidenyl-2α，19α-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid（1）， 3β， 23-O-isopropylidenyl-2α，3β，23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid（2）， 2α，3α，19α，23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid（3）， 2α，3β，23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid（4）， 3β-acetoxy ursolic acid（5）， ursolic acid（6）， β-sitosterol（7）， 5α，6β-dihydroxysitosterol（8）， daucosterol（9）， and 4-hydroxybutanoic acid（10）. Conclusion： All the compounds were isolated from A. lacei var. tomentella for the first time， except for compounds 7 and 9， the other compounds were first isolated from genus Agapetes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Dynamic Study on Students' Physical Fitness inDaliUniversity Li Jia, Yang Yingfei Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (6): 69-74.   Abstract （95）      PDF （4442KB）（37）    Knowledge map    Save In order to understand the development trend of the physical fitness of students in Dali University， the data of the physical fitness survey of students in Dali University in 2015 and 2021 were compared. The results showed that compared with 2015， the height， body weight， and body mass index （BMI） of Dali University students in 2021 showed an increasing trend in body shape. In terms of physical function， the vital capacity and weight index of male and female students showed a overall decreasing trend in2021. Interms of physical quality， the speed， flexibility and endurance of male students showed an increasing trend， while the upper limb strength and lower limb explosive power showed a decreasing trend. The flexibility， endurance and waist and abdominal strength of female students showed an increasing trend， while the lower limb explosive power showed a decreasing trend and the speed quality remained stable. The study results suggested that the physical fitness of Dali University students was mixed， with an increasing trend observed in body shape， a decreasing trend in physical function， and an unbalanced development in physical quality. Therefore， scientific and effective intervention measures should be taken to address the problems existing in the development of students' physical fitness to improve their physical health level. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on Spatial Changes ofDaliAncientCitysince the Ming Dynasty Peng Feng, Zhu Xiaodong Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (7): 1-7.   DOI: 10. 3969/j. issn. 2096-2266. 2023. 07. 001 Abstract （95）      PDF （6067KB）（61）    Knowledge map    Save As special historical and cultural space， ancient cities have multi-layer internal values of materiality and immateriality besides political functions， economic characteristics and agglomeration functions. During the construction and development of Dali ancient city， the urban function， urban spatial form， block layout and architectural pattern in different historical periods have distinct characteristics of the times. With the weakening of urban political and military functions， the economic service function of Dali ancient city has gradually become prominent， and the urban space culture has changed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary Study on Antibacterial Effect and Active Parts of Dobinea delavayi Su Baoshun, Liu Zhitong Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 39-43.   Abstract （95）      PDF （4091KB）（29）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To investigate the antibacterial effect and active parts of Dobinea delavayi. Methods： The water， petroleum ether， ethyl acetate， n-butanol， 30% ethanol precipitation， 60% ethanol precipitation， and 95% ethanol precipitation parts of D. delavayi were extracted， and the minimum inhibitory concentration of the above 7 parts against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus（MRSA）， Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis were measured by agar plate double dilution method. The effects of temperature and ultraviolet on the antibacterial activity of different active parts of D. delavayi were also investigated. Results： The water part of D. delavayi had an inhibitory effect on MRSA， S. aureus， and E. faecalis. The 60% ethanol-precipitated part and 95% ethanol-precipitated part had an inhibitory effect on MRSA and S. aureus， with antibacterial zone diameters of （21.2±0.6）， （20.4±0.1）， （19.6±0.6）， （20.6±0.1）， （22.2±0.2）， （17.5±0.2）， （20.3±0.3） mm， respectively. The petroleum ether， ethyl acetate， and n-butanol parts had no antibacterial activity. In addition， the water part, the 60% ethanol-precipitated part, and the 90% ethanol-precipitated part of D. delavayi were sensitive to high temperature and ultraviolet. Conclusion： D. delavayi has definite antibacterial activity in vitro. The water part is the main active part for inhibiting MRSA and E. faecalis， and the 60% ethanol-precipitated part is the primary active part for inhibiting S. aureus. This study provides a theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization and development of D. delavayi. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Independent Number and Independent Polynomial of Complete Product of Graph Yang Limin Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (6): 1-8.   Abstract （90）      PDF （3710KB）（27）    Knowledge map    Save In graph theory， independent number and independent polynomial are NP-hard problems. They are very difficult problems， however， by transforming the problem， an effective method to solve independent number and independent polynomial can be found. By transforming the stable set problem of radix k into a k-order complete subgraph problem， the calculation method of independent polynomial is obtained. Anology， by transforming the size of the maximum stable set into the size of the maximum complete graph， the calculation method of the independent number is obtained. Using combinatorial calculations， explicit formulas for the independent number and independent polynomial of many graph's complete product are given. Furthermore， using the generating function， the Merrifield-Simmons index of the graph is derived. It is proved that some coefficient sequences of independent polynomials are unimodal and some are not， and the conjecture that the coefficient sequences of the independent polynomial of trees are unimodal is denied， which is of great value and significance to combinatorial mathematics and graph theory. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Chemical Constituents of Gentiana nanobella Ling Haowei, Li Jing, Shi Kaixuan, Liu Rong, Xiao Chaojiang, Jiang Bei, Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 6-10.   Abstract （88）      PDF （3688KB）（68）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To study the chemical constituents of the dried whole-plant of Gentiana nanobella. Methods： Silica gel column chromatography and gel permeation chromatography were used to isolate and purify the ethyl acetate fraction of the 75% ethanol extract of the dried whole-plant of G. nanobella. The isolated compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and modern spectroscopic techniques. Results： Eight compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the 75% ethanol extract of the dried whole-plant of G. nanobella and identified as uvaol（1）， ursolic acid（2）， 1β，2α，3α，24-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid（3）， maslinic acid（4）， uncargenin C（5）， 2α，3α，24-trihydrxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid（6）， daucosterol（7）， and （7'Z，10'Z，13'Z）-hexadecatrienoic acid monoglyceride（8）. Conclusion： All the compounds were isolated from G. nanobella for the first time， among which uncargenin C（5） and （7'Z，10'Z，13'Z）-hexadecatrienoic acid monoglyceride（8） were first isolated from genus Gentiana. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Chemical Composition Analysis and Multicomponent Content Determination of Extracts of Periplaneta americana from Different Breeding Plants Lu Xixing, Zhu Ling, Wu Hao, Zhang Chenggui, Yang Yongshou, Chen Zhipeng, Liu Heng, Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 30-38.   Abstract （87）      PDF （6276KB）（42）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To investigate the chemical constituents and contents of Periplaneta americana extract PA. Methods： The colorimetric method was used to identify the major components in P. americana extract PA. The contents of polypeptides， amino acids， polysaccharides， alkaloids， and phenols in P. americana extract PA were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry， while the contents of uracil， inosine， and protocatechuic acid in P. americana extract PA were determined by HPLC. Results： The established methods for the determination of each component had good reproducibility and stability. The main components of 20 batches of P. americana extract PA were polypeptides， amino acids， polysaccharides， alkaloids and phenols， as well as uracil， inosine and protocatechuic acid. There was no significant difference in the main components of different batches of P. americana extract PA. Because of the different harvest time and culture conditions， components of different batches of P. americana extract PA from different breeding plants had certain differences. Conclusion： By analyzing the material composition and content of P. americana extract PA， this study provides a basis for the subsequent screening of functional substances and comprehensive and effective evaluation of the quality of P. americana. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Anti-Tumor Effect and Mechanism of CⅡ-3 Extractive from Periplaneta americana on S180 Sarcoma-Bearing Mice Lu Li, He Xu, Zhang Yanju, Peng Fang Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (10): 1-8.   Abstract （86）      PDF （26926KB）（83）    Knowledge map    Save Objective：To investigate the anti-tumor effect and mechanism of CⅡ-3 extractive from Periplaneta americana on S180 sarcoma-bearing mice. Methods： S180 sarcoma-bearing mice were randomly divided into model group， positive control （CTX） group， high-dose， medium-dose and low-dose CⅡ-3 groups， and a normal control group， with 10 mice in each group. The pathological changes of tumor tissue in each group were observed after administration， and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. ELISA kits were used to test the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） and telomerase（TE） in serum. The expression of p53， B-cell lymphoma 2（Bcl-2）， cysteinyl asparate specific protease-3（Caspase-3）， microvessel density （MVD） and cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2） protein in tumor tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results： The tumor inhibition rates of CTX group， high-dose， medium-dose， and low-dose CⅡ-3 groups were 85.71%， 55.71%， 44.28%， 34.28%， respectively. The necrotic area of tumor tissue was obvious in high-dose and medium-dose CⅡ-3 groups. Compared with the model group， the TE activity was decreased in high-dose CⅡ-3 group（P<0.05）， and the expression of p53， Bcl-2， MVD and COX-2 in tumor tissues of high-dose and medium-dose CⅡ-3 groups were significantly decreased（P<0.01）， while the Caspase-3 expression was significantly increased（P<0.01）. Conclusion： CⅡ-3 can significantly inhibit the growth of S180 sarcoma， and its mechanism may be related to the reduction of TE activity， the decrease of p53， Bcl-2， MVD， COX-2 expression， and the increase of Caspase-3 expression in tumor tissue. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration of Upgrading the Medical Humanistic Realm of Nursing Students with Curriculum Ideological and Political Education Wang Yu, Ao Bo, Qian Jinfu, Bai Li Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 95-100.   Abstract （83）      PDF （5052KB）（30）    Knowledge map    Save Pathogenic biology is an important basic course of nursing specialty. Most of the studies on implementing curriculum ideological and political education for this course focus on cultivating the consciousness of rule of law， scientific spirit， national confidence， and patriotism of nursing students， but lack of attention on the improvement of medical humanistic realm of nursing students. This study mainly discusses the significance and implementation path of implementing curriculum ideological and political education in the teaching of pathogenic biology and improving the medical humanistic realm of nursing students. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Epidemiological Characteristics of Rabies in Yunnan Province from 2000 to 2020 Zhang Yuzhen Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (10): 90-94.   Abstract （74）      PDF （5314KB）（46）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Yunnan Province from 2000 to 2020. Methods： The rabies epidemic data of Yunnan Province were collected. Based on the historical epidemic data， Yunnan Ｐrovince was divided into the eastern epidemic areas（EEA） and the western epidemic areas（WEA）. According to the Tropic of Cancer， Yunnan Ｐrovince was divided into the northern epidemic areas （NEA） and the southern epidemic areas （SEA）. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to compare and analyze the epidemiological distribution characteristics of each epidemic area and prefecture during the wave of rabies epidemic from 2000 to 2020. Results： From 2000 to 2020， a total of 996 human rabies cases were reported in Yunnan Province， affecting 80.62% （104/129） counties （districts） in all 16 prefectures. The number of cases was generally higher in EEA and lower in WEA， while EEA and WEA showed the distribution characteristics of higher in the south and lower in the north， respectively. The ratio of cases in EEA and WEA was 3.79∶1， and that in SEA and NEA was 1.34∶1. The average annual incidence in EEA（0.14/100 000） was higher than that in WEA（0.06/100 000）， and the average annual incidence in SEA （0.17/100 000） was higher than that in NEA（0.07/100 000）. The prefectures with higher average annual incidences were concentrated in SEA， namely Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture（0.28/100 000）， Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture （0.28/100 000） and Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture（0.22/100 000）. Conclusion： The border area where China， Laos and Vietnam meet should be considered as the key areas for rabies surveillance， prevention， and research in Yunnan Province.  Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Elderly Care Career-Selection Motivation and Influencing Factors of Vocational Nursing Students Rao Yanhua, Wu Xingjun, Quan Yuan, Guan Qingni, Wang Suorong, Tian Ying Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 78-83.   Abstract （72）      PDF （4409KB）（43）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To understand the elderly care career-selection motivation and influencing factors of vocational nursing students. Methods： A total of 536 vocational nursing students in Qujing Medical College were selected and surveyed using a general information questionnaire and an elderly care career-selection motivation questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of nursing students' elderly care career-selection motivation. Results： The total average score of nursing students' elderly care career-selection motivation was （67.97±16.61） points， with an average score of （47.48±11.81） points for the career-selection value questionnaire and （20.49±4.80） points for the career-selection confidence questionnaire. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the degree of intimacy with the elderly， the experience of caring for the elderly， the importance of vocational skill level certificate of the elderly care， and the understanding of the national elderly care policy were the main influencing factors of the elderly care career-selection motivation of vocational nursing students（P<0.05）. Conclusion： The elderly care career-selection motivation of vocational nursing students is at a medium to upper level， and there are various factors affecting the elderly care career-selection motivation of vocational nursing students. It is necessary to encourage nursing students to contact the elderly more， emphasize the importance of vocational skill level certificate of elderly care， strengthen the publicity of elderly care policy and work value， so as to improve the motivation level of nursing students. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploring the Path of Integrating Modern Information Technology in Primary School Mathematics Teaching Zeng Liqin Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (7): 111-116.   DOI: 10. 3969/j. issn. 2096-2266. 2023. 07. 016 Abstract （68）      PDF （5434KB）（13）    Knowledge map    Save Education informationization is an important component of national informationization， which has profound significance in transforming educational concepts， deepening educational reform， improving educational quality and efficiency， cultivating innovative talents， and promoting the modernization of education.As technology and means， modern information technology plays a crucial role in the transformation of teachers' teaching and students' learning styles. How to effectively integrate modern information technology into the teaching objectives under the core literacy of primary school mathematics， promote the improvement of comprehensive literacy among students， and cultivate innovative talents to meet the needs of future development deserves deep thinking. Based on the current situation of the use of modern information technology in teaching， this paper analyzes the conflict between old and new educational views， the change of teachers' roles， the change of students' learning style and the non-integration of modern information technology， and puts forward the solution path of the effective integration of modern information technology in primary school mathematics teaching. In other words， we should follow the principle and accurately implement the goal of curriculum integration， reinforce learning and promote self-reconstruction in teachers， enable students to improve their learning efficiency with the help of new technologies， thus providing reference for achieving the goal of cultivating innovative talents and for integrating other disciplines with modern information technology. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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On the English Translation of Hyperbole in Materia Medica of South Yunnan Jiao Jiao, Zhou Yehan Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (7): 61-67.   DOI: 10. 3969/j. issn. 2096-2266. 2023. 07. 008 Abstract （66）      PDF （6209KB）（31）    Knowledge map    Save As one of the earliest and most complete ancient local works of materia medica in China， Materia Medica of South Yunnan（Dian Nan Ben Cao） has great value in the field of translation research. Different from other classics of traditional Chinese medicine， Materia Medica of South Yunnan repeatedly presents various kinds of exaggerated descriptions to emphasize the efficacy of herbal medicine. The Taoist cultural hyperbole and imaginary number hyperbole， as the representative patterns of hyperbole in this work， are taken as the research objects for English translation analysis. The strategy of transplanting， reconstructing， and flexibly reproducing the hyperbole rhetoric is fully applied to make proper compensation for the cultural absence behind the hyperbole while highlighting the hyperbole effect. It would be of great practical significance for enriching the translation theory of traditional Chinese medical classics， spreading the knowledge and culture of Yunnan traditional medicine， and constructing the discourse system of traditional Chinese medicine. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Style of Original Drawing Design of Game Characters Gong Yukun, Huang Yuzhe Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (7): 87-93.   DOI: 10. 3969/j. issn. 2096-2266. 2023. 07. 012 Abstract （66）      PDF （6554KB）（44）    Knowledge map    Save The development of video game original painting design is giving more prominence to the appeal of artistic expression and the presentation of cultural value. Based on theoretical research and practical experience， it is concluded that the original painting design of game characters is the reproduction of painting brushwork by digital visual language， and the influence of traditional painting techniques on the original painting style of game characters mainly lies in brushwork， light and shadow， modeling， tone and so on. However， as a new visual culture and digital product， the original painting design of game characters should reasonably use traditional painting skills to create images suitable for game production. Under the condition of new technology， the innovation of the original painting design style of game characters is mainly reflected in the shape design and color matching. The shape design should apply to game production and is unique. And it shows the overall artistic conception of the game and character characteristics through different color matching. The original drawing design of game characters is the inheritor and recreator of the art field. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis of Gentiournoside D Amide Derivatives Shan Fang, Guo Haihui, Qin Zikang, Li Chunxu, Wang Fusheng Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 21-24.   Abstract （65）      PDF （3299KB）（44）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To explore the medicinal potential of Gentiournoside D， the structural modification of Gentiournoside D was carried out. Methods： Using natural Gentiournoside D as raw material， the fully acetylated Gentiournoside D（1） was obtained by acetylation. Compound 1 was activated by Ｎ，Ｎ'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide， catalyzed by 4-dimethylaminopyridine， and condensed with amine compounds. Results： Four  Gentiournoside D amide derivatives were efficiently synthesized， namely 2'，3'，4'，6'-tetraacetylated Gentiournoside D formamide（2）， 2'，3'，4'，6'-tetraacetylated Gentiournoside D acetamide（3）， 2'，3'，4'，6'-tetraacetylated Gentiournoside D dimethylamide（4） and 2'，3'，4'，6'-tetraacetylated Gentiournoside D benzylamide（5）.  Compounds 1-5 were new derivatives， and the structures of all derivatives were confirmed by spectroscopic methods. Conclusion： The synthesis method has simple operation， mild reaction conditions， high total yield and good reproducibility. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Scientometric Analysis of Ferroptosis Literature Based on Web of Science #br# Xiao Min, Xiong Miaomiao, Cheng Mingjing, Cui Xiuyu, Zhao Yuanqi, Zhao Weidong Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 71-77.   Abstract （62）      PDF （6483KB）（18）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To explore the hot topics and development trends of research related to ferroptosis in the Core collection of the Web of Science database in recent 10 years using scientometric analysis and provide reference for further research in this field. Methods： A search was conducted in the Core collection of the Web of Science database using the term "Ferroptosis" and the index date range of "2012-01-01" to "2021-12-31". The literature type was set to "article"， and the collected data were subjected to scientometric analysis. Results：A total of 2 254 literatures related to ferroptosis were retrieved， and the number of published papers showed an increasing trend year by year. The country with the largest number of published papers was China， and the institution with the largest number of published papers was Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The institutional temporal co-occurrence network showed that although Chinese institutions published more papers， their research started late. The main research directions of ferroptosis were biochemistry and molecular biology. The cluster with the most co-occurrence keywords was the treatment and prognosis of ferroptosis-related diseases. The cited outburst keywords showed that apoptosis and oxidative stress were the research hotspots in the first 5 years， while diseases and p53 were the research hotspots in the last 5 years. The top three ferroptosis-related diseases were breast cancer， lung cancer and liver cancer. Conclusion： Ferroptosis is currently a hot topic of research， and China is actively engaged in the research field of ferroptosis. With the passage of time， the research focus has gradually shifted from basic experiments on the mechanism of ferroptosis to clinical research on the treatment and prognosis of ferroptosis-related diseases. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Practical Path of the Integrated Development of Red Gene Inheritance and Communist Party ofChinaConstruction Work in Colleges and Universities Liang Chen Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (7): 74-79.   DOI: 10. 3969/j. issn. 2096-2266. 2023. 07. 010 Abstract （58）      PDF （4894KB）（10）    Knowledge map    Save In the new journey towards the second centenary goal， the red genes as an excellent cultural resource should be fully applied in colleges and universities so as to help the students inherit and continue the red blood. On the basis of expounding the connotation and the characteristics of red genes， this paper fully explores the value implication of the integration and development of red gene inheritance and college Party building work， and integrates red gene inheritance into college Party construction work. To innovate the social practice link of red education in colleges and universities， we should improve the mechanism of training Party members and selecting role models，  the red cultural resources in Hangzhou， and use the red educational resources that adapt to students' development， use interactive and diverse cultural media to broaden the red inheritance road suitable for students' growth，pay attention to the construction of red spiritual culture， and carry out practical path research in four aspects， namely， the Red Pioneer Action which nourishes students' feelings， so as to comprehensively improve the educational effectiveness of red gene inheritance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Historical Evolution and the Construction Path of Rural Community in the New Era： A Case Analysis Based on Lijiang， Yunnan Tu Jing Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (7): 15-22.   DOI: 10. 3969/j. issn. 2096-2266. 2023. 07. 003 Abstract （58）      PDF （6306KB）（23）    Knowledge map    Save Rural community is the social foundation of rural governance， the endogenous impetus of rural development and the ideal pursuit of rural revitalization. Through the analysis of the historical evolution of Lijiang rural community and the investigation of four rural community construction cases， the article reveals that the rural community itself has the ability and mechanism to constantly adjust and update itself with the social changes， while the institutional authority formed by external state forces and the endogenous order formed by internal social forces run through it. Reducing the tension of institutional authority and endogenous order and strengthening the cohesion and endogenous power of rural community construction is the path selection of building a rural community with shared responsibility， shared interests， shared culture and national cohesion. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Marx and Engels' Thoughts on Urban-Rural Relationship and its Contemporary Values Li Dongyan, Yan Qing, Zheng Xiangran Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (7): 23-30.   DOI: 10. 3969/j. issn. 2096-2266. 2023. 07. 004 Abstract （57）      PDF （6564KB）（13）    Knowledge map    Save Marx and Engels' thoughts on urban-rural relations is an important content of Marxism. It points out the reasons for the separation of urban and rural areas， the impact of urban-rural opposition， and the conditions for the realization of urban-rural integration and the overall path， which has the distinctive characteristics of historicity， dialectics and people. Adhering to the guidance of Marx and Engels' thoughts on urban-rural relations will help us scientifically understand and deal with the problems of urban-rural relationship. We must examine urban and rural development from the perspective of dialectical materialism and historical materialism， and promote the balanced and rational allocation of urban and rural resources by cracking the urban-rural dual system， so as to promote the healthy and harmonious development of China's urban-rural relationship. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Yield and Agronomic Traits of Maize Hybrids Bred from Inbred Line 2408 Ma Chenyu, Liu Chaorui, Lü Jianguo, Zhou Dongyan, Ye Zhilan Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (6): 88-94.   Abstract （55）      PDF （5294KB）（26）    Knowledge map    Save Superior maize in bred lines are the basis of selecting superior hybrids， analysis of yield and related agronomic traits of hybrid maize is beneficial to accelerate the process of breeding. In this study， maize inbred line 2408 and other 106 inbred lines were used as materials， then 2408 was tested and matched with 106 inbred lines， respectively， then their agronomic traits of the yield and yield components of the test combination were analyzed. The results showed that the yields of crosses 2635， 2709 and 2674 were relatively high. The correlation degrees between the yield of cross combinations and related agronomic traits were shown as follows： plant height > ear diameter > kernel percentage > water content >rows per ear > kernels per rows > ear length> ear height> 5 ears dry weight > 5 ears grain weight > hundred-grain weight > tassel branch number > length of bare tip. The correlative degree between 5 ears grain weight and 5 ears dry weight was the highest， the relationship among plant height， ear diameter， kernel percentage， water content and rows per ear was relatively close， and the contribution of bare tip length to each character was the least. Therefore， in the subsequent breeding work， the three traits of plant height， ear diameter and kernel percentage can be used to select new hybrid maize varieties with high yield and good quality and corresponding excellent inbred lines， so as to further lay the foundation for the breeding and promotion of plateau maize varieties in Yunnan Province. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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MV-Raft： A New Consensus Algorithm forAllianceChain Based on Multidimensional Vectors Wu Guifeng, Hu Fa, Zeng Xin, Yang Dengqi, Li Xiaowei Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (6): 24-32.   Abstract （52）      PDF （6549KB）（16）    Knowledge map    Save The default algorithm of Raft for existing alliance chains uses a random mechanism for node crashes， without considering that different node weights may result in longer consensus times and greater log synchronization pressures on leader nodes. To address this issue， a Raft algorithm based on multidimensional vectors is proposed， called MV-Raft. The algorithm first constructs an eigenvalue vector according to factors that affect the efficiency of reaching a consensus， and then broadcasts the above eigenvalue vector to the whole network when the distributed system is started or a single node is newly added to the system. The similarity between nodes is calculated based on the eigenvalue vector， and the n nodes with the highest similarity are cached within each node for prioritized operation during the election and synchronization process. The simulation results show that MV-Raft algorithm can reduce the time consumption of the whole process by 16%， and reduce the pressure of a single leader node by 73% at most. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Qualitative Study on Professional Identity and Motivation for Enrollment of Midwifery Undergraduates in Yunnan Province Ma Yongxin, Ao Bo, Yang Guoqin, He Lixiu, Qian Jinfu Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 84-87.   Abstract （52）      PDF （3688KB）（21）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To explore the professional identity level and motivation for enrollment of midwifery undergraduates in Yunnan Province. Methods： Using phenomenological research methods in qualitative research， 11 midwifery undergraduates from two colleges in Yunnan Province were selected as research subjects， in-depth interviews were conducted， focusing on the motivation for enrollment and professional identity， and content analysis method was used to analyze the interview data. Results： The professional identity and motivation for enrollment of midwifery undergraduates could be summarized into three main themes： motivation for enrollment was strong， and there were individual cognitive differences； professional identity was higher， but the depth of understanding was not enough； professional expectations was higher， but the curriculum lacked of professional characteristics. Conclusion： Midwifery undergraduates have strong motivation for enrollment， higher professional identity and professional expectations. Colleges should actively improve their professional cognition and actively compile textbooks for the midwifery undergraduate major to meet their professional knowledge needs. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Essence Concept of the Spiritual Genealogy of the Communist Party ofChinaand Its Ideological Values Wang Han, He Yanxia Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (7): 80-86.   DOI: 10. 3969/j. issn. 2096-2266. 2023. 07. 011 Abstract （51）      PDF （6018KB）（18）    Knowledge map    Save The spiritual genealogy of the Communist Party of China （CPC） is a high condensation of the spiritual map formed in various periods of the century-long struggle of the CPC with the great founding spirit as the source， which has the spiritual leading values of cohesion， inspiration and leadership and shows distinct ideological nature. The spiritual genealogy of the CPC has the quality of continuity， and its quintessential concepts are ideals and beliefs， patriotism， love for the people， arduous struggle， pioneering and innovation. In the face of various challenges in the field of ideology today， the essence of the spiritual genealogy of the CPC is of great value in strengthening the identity of mainstream ideology， building the ideology of the Party and the discourse of Chinese characteristics， resisting the impact of Western ideology and undesirable trends， strengthening ideological leadership， and meeting the challenges of the times in the field of ideology. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Synthesis of L-5-Hydroxytryptophan Derivatives Qin Zikang, Guo Haihui, Shan Fang, Wu Lei, Wang Fusheng Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 15-20.   Abstract （51）      PDF （4777KB）（46）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To broaden the categories of tryptophan derivatives for the synthesis of monothylindole alkaloids. Methods： Using commercially available L-5-hydroxytryptophan as raw material， L-5-hydroxytryptophan derivatives were synthesized through carboxyl esterification， amino Boc protection， ester ammonolysis， acetylation or methylation of hydroxyl and deprotection of Boc. Results： Secen L-5-hydroxytryptophan derivatives were efficiently synthesized， namely L-5-hydroxytryptophan formamide（1）， L-5-hydroxytryptophan acetamide（2）， L-5-hydroxytryptophan propionamide（3）， L-5-acetoxytryptophan methyl ester（4）， L-5-acetoxytryptophan formamide（5）， L-5-methoxytryptophan methyl ester（6） and L-5-methoxytryptophan formamide（7）， respectively. Compounds 4， 5 and 7 were new derivatives， and the structures of all derivatives were confirmed by spectroscopic methods. Conclusion： The synthesis method has the characteristics of simple operation， mild reaction condition and high total yield， which is suitable for industrial production. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Chemical Constituents of Leptodermis pilosa Shi Kaixuan, Li Jing, Ling Haowei, Liu Rong, Xiao Chaojiang, Jiang Bei, Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 11-14.   Abstract （50）      PDF （3170KB）（47）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To study the chemical constituents of the whole-plant of Leptodermis pilosa. Methods： Silica gel， MCI， and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography were used to isolate and purify the chemical constituents of L. pilosa. The structures were identified based on physicochemical properties and modern spectroscopic analysis techniques. Results： Eight compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the 75% ethanol extract of the whole-plant of L. pilosa and identified as oleanolic acid（1）， 2?琢 -hydroxyloleanolic acid（2）， arjungenin（3）， scopoletin（4）， methyl caffeate（5）， syringic acid（6）， salicylic acid（7）， and daucosterol（8）. Conclusion： All the compounds were isolated from L. pilosa for the first time， and compounds 2-7 were first isolated from genus Leptodermis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Educational Value of "Study Trips" from the Perspective of "Roadology" Mao Jinfei Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (7): 100-105.   DOI: 10. 3969/j. issn. 2096-2266. 2023. 07. 014 Abstract （50）      PDF （4776KB）（8）    Knowledge map    Save In the course of human civilization evolution and cultural inheritance， it can be seen that there is primary connection between roads and the human culture. Travel by road is the most immediate and original form of education. Deeply excavating the endogenous relationship between roads and culture，roads and education is of great value to our understanding of the educational values of road studies. Through the discussion of the relationship between road， education and culture， this paper expounds the "roadness" of education and the "educational values" of road studies， and finally puts forward the study travel as three ways to reach the educational nature of the body. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Observation and Evaluation of the Effect of Exercise Prescription Intervention on College Students' Neck-Shoulder Syndrome under the Integration of Sports and Medicine Zou Weimin, Qi Daoyu, Xue Wenbiao, Li Hua Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (6): 75-78.   Abstract （50）      PDF （3744KB）（25）    Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the effect of exercise prescription intervention on college students' neck-shoulder syndrome under the integration of sports and medicine， 120 college students suffering from neck-shoulder syndrome from September 2021 to June 2022 were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method， with 60 students in each group. The control group received non-regular exercise intervention only， while the observation group received exercise prescription intervention （badminton exercise， resistance exercise）， and the improvement of neck-shoulder syndrome in both groups was observed. The results showed that after the intervention， the ranges of motion on the left lateral flexion， right lateral flexion， forward bend， backward stretch， left rotation， and right rotation of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group， and the differences between the groups were statistically significant（P<0.05）. The physiological curvature of the cervical spine of the observation group was lower than that of the control group， and the VAS score and cervical spine dysfunction index were lower than those of the control group. The differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. It is suggested that under the background of integration of sports and medicine， exercise prescription can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms of neck-shoulder syndrome in college students， improve their cervical spine function， and have good application effect， which is worthy of application and promotion. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Propensity Score Matching Analysis of Postoperative Radiotherapy in Patients with Stage ⅢA/N2 Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Wu Maofang, Shi Wen, Xiao Shouyong, Cai Jingjing, Liu Zengping, Fang Hong Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 64-70.   Abstract （50）      PDF （5683KB）（8）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： Propensity score matching（PSM） was used to evaluate the effect of postoperative radiotherapy in patients with stage ⅢA/N2 non-small cell lung carcinoma（NSCLC）. Methods： A total of 1 832 patients with stage ⅢA/N2 NSCLC undergoing surgical resection combined with adjuvant chemotherapy were collected from the SEER database. Baseline characteristics of the two groups were compared by χ2  test， overall survival（OS） and lung cancer-specific survival（LCSS） of the two groups were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier curve， and prognostic factors were analyzed by COX regression model. Results： Among the 1 832 patients， 906 patients received postoperative radiotherapy（included in the postoperative radiotherapy group） and 926 patients did not receive postoperative radiotherapy（included in the control group）. There was no statistical significance in OS and LCSS between the two groups after PSM（P>0.05）. Univariate COX regression analysis showed that age<65 years old， female， clinical stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ， tumor diameter≤3 cm were protective factors for survival and prognosis（HR<1， P<0.05）. Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that age<65 years old， number of lymph node dissection ≥4 could better predict OS and LCSS（HR<1，Ｐ<0.05）. In the postoperative radiotherapy subgroup， patients with squamous cell carcinoma and age <65 years had worse LCSS. Conclusion： The addition of postoperative radiotherapy did not improve the prognosis of stageⅢA/N2 NSCLC patients treated with surgical resection combined with adjuvant chemotherapy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of RIP140 and LCOR in High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Zhi Hongfang, Chen Xin, Zhang Jianyan, Wang Chengcheng, Zhang Yun, Yang Xuantao Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 59-63.   Abstract （49）      PDF （5931KB）（6）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To analyze the expression levels of RIP140 and LCOR in cytoplasm and nucleus in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion（HSIL） in order to find new biomarkers for the identification of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia（CIN） Ⅱ and CIN Ⅲ. Methods： Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of RIP140 and LCOR in cytoplasm and nucleus in 45 cases of CIN Ⅱ， 32 cases of CIN Ⅲ， 51 cases of CIN Ⅱ and CIN Ⅲ combined morphology. Results： The expressions of RIP140 in cytoplasm and nucleus of CIN Ⅲ were higher than those of CIN Ⅱ， with statistical significance（P<0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the expression of LCOR in cytoplasm between CIN Ⅱ and CIN Ⅲ（P>0.05）， but the expression of LCOR in nucleus of CIN Ⅱ was higher than that of CIN Ⅲ， with statistical significance（P<0.05）. RIP140 was highly expressed in the cytoplasm of the complex morphologic samples， and the difference was statistically significant compared with CIN Ⅱ（χ2=4.868， P=0.027）. Conclusion： The high expression of RIP140 in the nucleus has an auxiliary effect in distinguishing CIN Ⅱ from CIN Ⅲ， and its high expression in the cytoplasm suggests that CIN Ⅱ may have potential coexistence with high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy Analysis of Ｇastroscopic Metal Titanium Clip Combined with Medical Adhesive in the Treatment of Gastric Fundal Varices Ma Mengxia, Tao Zhongyuan, Guo Shunhong, Zhao Chunping, Li Bowen, Zhang Qinyuan Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (10): 34-37.   Abstract （49）      PDF （3446KB）（19）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To investigate the clinical efficacy of gastroscopic metal titanium clip combined with medical adhesive in the treatment of gastric fundal varices. Methods： A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical records of 80 patients who underwent gastroscopic treatment for gastric fundal varices with medical adhesive at the Endoscopy Center of the First People's Hospital of Dali City from June 1， 2020 to June 30， 2021. The clinical efficacy and safety of the monotherapy（monotherapy group） and metal titanium clip combined therapy（combined group） were compared. Results： Compared with the monotherapy group， the combined group had a significantly increased amount of medical adhesive used， with a statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. However， the rebleeding rate between the two groups was only statistically significant at 3 months after surgery（P<0.05）， while there was no statistically significant difference at other time points（P>0.05）. Additionally， no cases of ectopic embolism occurred during the 12-month follow-up period in both groups. Conclusion： Gastroscopic metal titanium clip combined with medical adhesive in the treatment of gastric fundal varices can reduce the rate of rebleeding and is a safe and effective treatment method. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bai People's Benzhu Worship and The Fostering of a Senseof Community for the Chinese Nation Lü Yuejun Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (11): 1-6.   Abstract （46）      PDF （5258KB）（48）    Knowledge map    Save As a unique folk religious belief of the Bai people， the Benzhu worship has been formed and developed in the interaction and integration of ethnic groups， and has been deeply influenced by the traditional Chinese culture. For thousands of years， the Bai's Benzhu worship has widely absorbed the ethics of Confucianism as well as the cultural symbols of Buddhism and Taoism， and constructed their national identity from folk beliefs. The excellent traditional Chinese cultural factors in the Bai's Benzhu worship have been playing a crucial role in fostering the strong sense of the community for the Chinese nation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Development Path and Countermeasures of E-commerce Livestreaming Industry:#br# Dalian City as an Example Wen Tao, Wang Jihua Journal of Dali University    2024, 9 (1): 112-119.   DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2024. 01. 016 Abstract （45）      PDF （1447KB）（47）    Knowledge map    Save  With its own unique advantages, e-commerce livestreaming has created a new shopping model, bringing new breakthroughs for the upgrading of the traditional supply chain, thus greatly shortening the distance between products and customers, finally it becomes a new form of economic growth. Affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, the traditional sales methods have made the special products in Dalian unsalable, and the economic development has been seriously affected. When the advantages of e-commerce livestreaming began to emerge, Dalian city seized the opportunity to vigorously develop the e-commerce livestreaming industry, hoping to stimulate people′s consumption desire and boost the economy. This paper summarizes the development status of Dalian′s ecommerce livestreaming industry after the outbreak of the epidemic, analyzes the opportunities and challenges, and puts forward strategies for its future development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Studying the 3X+1 Conjecture by Quaternary Numeral System Wu Wenliang, Jiang Na, He Jiaying, Zhou Yangchuan Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (6): 9-13.   Abstract （45）      PDF （2856KB）（13）    Knowledge map    Save In this paper， we explore the 3X+1 conjecture by using quaternary numeral system and obtain some interesting results. The quaternary representation of an odd number that can be compressed and iterated into 1 through a finite number of 3X+1 conjectures， consisting of a root， prefix， and suffix. The quaternary representation of lower iteration numbers determines the root， prefix， and suffix of higher iteration numbers. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Solution of Pure Integer Programming Problem Based on Number Theory Zhou Bin Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (6): 14-19.   Abstract （45）      PDF （4199KB）（17）    Knowledge map    Save In order to avoid the need to consider the relaxation linear programming problem in solving pure integer programming problem， an efficient new solution method for pure integer programming problem is proposed by using the indefinite equation theory in number theory and the estimation method for solving inequality equations. Through the derivation of two theorems， it is proved that the new solution method is feasible to solve pure integer programming problems. Taking the pure integer programming problem as an example， the cutting-plane method， the branch-and-bound method and the new solution method proposed are used to solve it respectively. The results show that compared with the cutting-plane method and branch-and-bound method， the new method is simpler for solving simple pure integer programming problems. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Study on the Quality Evaluation of Overseas Training for Middle School English Teachers Liu Hong, Wang Enhao, Yang Rui Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (7): 106-110.   DOI: 10. 3969/j. issn. 2096-2266. 2023. 07. 015 Abstract （45）      PDF （4450KB）（12）    Knowledge map    Save Using questionnaires， interviews and classroom observation， the quality of the overseas training of middle school English teachers is comprehensively evaluated， and the results of the project are found to be effective in improving personal quality， implementing the concept of "student-centeredness"， prompting professional level， and improving student performance. At the same time， it also finds problems in the selection mechanism， curriculum content， radiation guidance and other aspects. Based on this， some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward， such as optimizing project design， strengthening the pertinence and practicality of training course content， improving project management methods and assessment mechanism， building communication platform， and strengthening collaborative quality improvement. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Ｓelective Ester Hydrolysis Conditions for Depresteroside Lai Yuxia, Guo Haihui, Qin Zikang, Shan Fang, Wang Fusheng Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (8): 25-29.   Abstract （44）      PDF （3673KB）（12）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To efficiently obtain the compounds Secologanolyl-7-loganate（2）， Loganinic acid（3） and Demethyl-secologanol（4） from Depresteroside（1）， the hydrolysis conditions were investigated and optimized. Methods： The effects of alkali type and dosage， reaction temperature， reaction time and alkali concentration on the yield of hydrolyzed products 2， 3 and 4 of 1 were investigated by single factor method. Results： When 3.3 equivalent 0.10 mol/L Na2CO3 solution was heated at 45 ℃ for 12 hours， only compound 2 was produced， and the yield reached 87.2%. Compounds 3 and 4 can be completely synthesized by using 7.6 equivalent 0.10 mol/L NaOH solution at 45 ℃ for 13 hours with yields of 89.0% and 90.8%， respectively. Conclusion： The optimized hydrolysis conditions can obviously improve the yield of 2， 3 and 4. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Inhibitory Activity of Pinus yunnanensis Pine Extract with Anti-HIV Activity against Human Coronavirus 229E Li Yafei, Shang Fangjian, Luo Chunyu, Shi Zhefang, Liu Qi, Journal of Dali University    2023, 8 (10): 21-26.   Abstract （44）      PDF （5803KB）（33）    Knowledge map    Save Objective： To evaluate the inhibitory activity of Pinus yunnanensis pine extract（referred to as "pine extract"） with anti-HIV activity against human coronavirus HCoV-229E and preliminarily determine its target. Methods： A cell-cell fusion model and  model mediated by HCoV-229E S protein were constructed to detect the inhibitory activity of pine extract against HCoV-229E. Time-of-addition and time-of-removal experiments were performed to determine the target and the timing of action. Results： Pine extract could inhibit the cell-cell fusion mediated by HCoV-229E S protein， with an IC50 of （0.136±0.010） mg/mL. It effectively inhibited HCoV-229E infection， with an IC50 of （0.069±0.015） mg/mL. Time-of-removal and time-of-addition experiments showed that pine extract targeted the HCoV-229E S protein and acted in the early stage of infection（1 h before）； different concentrations of pine tower extracts have no significant toxicity to 293T and Huh-7 cells. Conclusion： Pine extract can target the HCoV-229E S protein and inhibit HCoV-229E infection in the early stage， making it a safe candidate drug. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics