Abstract: Low-carbon energy collaborative governance is a key step towards carbon neutrality in “Belt and Road” countries. However， at present， countries along the “Belt and Road” are faced with such problems as a lack of core concept and normative basis for energy and low-carbon cooperation， and dysfunction of energy and low-carbon cooperation system and of mechanism for energy and low-carbon cooperation. Therefore， to achieve carbon neutrality， “Belt and Road” countries need to follow the concept of an “energy community of shared future” and establish a collaborative system for low-carbon energy governance. Specifically， it is necessary to strengthen the normative basis for “Belt and Road” energy and low-carbon cooperation， to form a diversified and all-round structure for energy and low-carbon cooperation， to improve modes for low-carbon energy collaborative governance， to build mechanism for carbon emission reduction responsibility， and to improve the environmental assessment process， energy emergency response， dispute resolution procedures.

Key words: carbon neutrality, carbon peaking, “Belt and Road”, low-carbon energy collaborative governance, carbon emission reduction