Abstract: Marx created the modern philosophy of praxis. It takes some time for the philosophy circle in China to realize what Marx's philosophy of praxis essentially is. Only by tracing back to the source of the philosophy of praxis, that is, Aristotle's concept of praxis, can we better understand Marx's philosophy of praxis. Marx's philosophy of praxis focuses on labor, the practice of material production,and the activities of morality,religion and politics that originate from labor. Therefore,Marxist philosophy of praxis does not abandon the political and ethical dimensions of Aristotle,but contains both the concept of practice that Aristotle thinks is the purpose and the concept of labor that is the means. Only when we understand Marx's promotion of labor to praxis, can we better understand Marx's practice philosophy as a philosophy of praxis in the sense of philosophy anthropology, and can we refute Arendt and Habermas's query on Marx. Taking labor as the main form of practice is the key step for Marx to construct the historical materialism and explain the mystery of human society and history.

Key words: labor, philosophy of praxis, praxis, Marx, Aristotle