Abstract:

After the abolition of agricultural tax，the rural labor was released and many farmers move into cities for business or
employment opportunities，which has led to new spontaneous circulation patterns of the rural land. This circulation of farm land
gave birth to a number of new middle peasants，farmers who stay in the countryside and live a decent village life by cultivating
on an appropriate scale the farm land circulated from friends or relatives at a low cost. Such short term land circulation pattern
protect the interests of migrant villagers. In the context of a large number of rural population outflow，the new middle peasants
have become the backbone of the village and the main part of the village governance. However，government-leading land
circulation in order to attract capital to the countryside is destroying both the new middle peasants and migrant villagers in
the long run by depriving them of farm land. Therefore，we suggest that the government should focus on improving farming
conditions，encouraging new middle peasants in the village，and protecting cultivated land so that to provide the migrant workers
who failed in the cities a last resort.

Key words: three rural issues, migrant workers, land circulation, new middle peasants, urbanization, the capital investment
to the countryside