大型压裂船“海洋石油696”技术现状及未来作业模式展望

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2025.09.16.04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 由于海洋环境的独特性，存在施工空间小、投资成本高和产量要求高等难题，给海上规模化压裂带来巨大挑战。大型压裂船及配套关键技术能够充分改造劣质储层，规模化、批量化作业模式能够形成集约化产业优势，降低作业成本，实现海上压裂开发的低成本“少井高产”，但相匹配的不同压裂作业模式及配套技术体系有待进一步研究。基于未来海上大规模、批量化压裂作业需求，展望了未来压裂船在地质-工程一体化、规模化、压裂-生产一体化、配套液体及处理工艺等4个方面的发展方向，并通过系统梳理海上主要作业设施，提出了基于“采油平台+模块钻机或钻井船、无人平台+钻井船或修井船、钻井船探井压裂和导管架期间压裂”4种模式下的压裂管柱及配套井口连接解决方案，为压裂船规模化连续作业提供技术借鉴。

关键词: 大型压裂船, 规模化压裂, 不同模式压裂, 不同海上设施的作业模式

Abstract: Due to the unique constraints of the offshore environment, there exist many challenges, including limited construction space, high investment costs, and demanding production requirements, which pose significant obstacles to large-scale offshore fracturing. Large fracturing vessels and supporting technologies can effectively enhance the productivity of low-quality reservoirs, and standardized and batch-operating models enable intensive industrial advantages, which can reduce operational costs, achieve cost-efficient offshore fracturing development characterized by "fewer wells with higher production". However, the corresponding fracturing operation modes and associated technical systems still need further research. Based on the fact that the large-scale fracturing vessel can meet the demands of large-scale and batch offshore fracturing operations in the future, four development directions of fracturing vessels are prospected. By systematically sorting out the main offshore operation facilities, a solution for the connection of fracturing tubing strings and corresponding wellheads based on four modes is proposed, namely "oil production platform + modular drilling rig or drilling ship, unmanned platform + drilling ship or workover ship, exploration well fracturing by using drilling ship and fracturing during jacket period". These solutions provide technical reference for the large-scale continuous operation of fracturing ships.

Key words: large-scale fracturing vessel, large-scale fracturing, different fracturing modes, the operation modes of different offshore facilities

中图分类号:

TE53

刘宝生, 杜建波. 大型压裂船“海洋石油696”技术现状及未来作业模式展望[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2026, 48(1): 1-11.

LIU Baosheng, DU Jianbo. Current Technical Status and Future Operation Mode Outlook of the Large-Scale Fracturing Vessel “Haiyang Shiyou 696”[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition), 2026, 48(1): 1-11.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: http://journal15.magtechjournal.com/Jwk_xnzk/CN/10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2025.09.16.04

http://journal15.magtechjournal.com/Jwk_xnzk/CN/Y2026/V48/I1/1

参考文献

[1] 胡文瑞，魏漪，鲍敬伟.中国低渗透油气藏开发理论与技术进展[J].石油勘探与开发， 2018， 45（4）： 646-656. doi： 10.11698/PED.2018.04.10 HU Wenrui, WEI Yi, BAO Jingwei. Development of the theory and technology for low permeability reservoirs in China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2018, 45(4): 646-656. doi: 10.11698/PED.2018.04.10
[2] 胡文瑞.中国低渗透油气的现状与未来[J].中国工程科学， 2009， 11（8）： 29-37. doi： 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1742.2009.08.005 HU Wenrui. The present and future of low permeability oil and gas in China[J]. Strategic Study of Chinese Academy of Engineering, 2009, 11(8): 29-37. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.-1009-1742.2009.08.005
[3] 谢玉洪.中国海油近海油气勘探实践与思考[J].中国海上油气， 2020， 32（2）： 1-13. doi： 10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2020.02.001 XIE Yuhong. Practices and thoughts of CNOOC offshore oil and gas exploration[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2020, 32(2): 1-13. doi: 10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2020.-02.001
[4] 徐长贵.中国近海油气勘探新进展与勘探突破方向[J].中国海上气， 2022， 34（1）： 916. doi： 10.11935/j.issn.-1673-1506.2022.01.002 XU Changgui. New progress and breakthrough directions of oil and gas exploration in China offshore area[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2022, 34(1): 9-16. doi: 10.11935/j.-issn.1673-1506.2022.01.002
[5] 孙福街，徐文江，姜维东，等.中国海油低渗及非常规油气藏储层改造技术进展及展望[J].中国海上油气， 2024， 36（1）： 109-116. doi： 10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2024.01.011 SUN Fujie, XU Wenjiang, JIANG Weidong, et al. Progress and prospects of CNOOC's low permeability and unconventional oil and gas reservoir stimulation technologies[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2024, 36(1): 109-116. doi: 10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2024.01.011
[6] 孙福街.中国海上油田高效开发与提高采收率技术现状及展望[J].中国海上油气， 2023， 35（5）： 9199. doi： 10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2023.05.009 SUN Fujie. Status and prospects of efficient development and EOR technologies in China offshore oilfields[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2023, 35(5): 91-99. doi: 10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2023.05.009
[7] 刘义刚.渤海油田低渗储层开采技术研究进展与展望[J].中国海上油气， 2024， 36（1）： 117-124. doi： 10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2024.01.012 LIU Yigang. Research progress and prospect of lowpermeability reservoir exploitation technologies in Bohai Oilfield[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2024, 36(1): 117-124. doi: 10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2024.01.012
[8] 徐文江，谭先红，余焱冰，等.海上低渗透油田开发基本矛盾和主控因素研究[J].石油科技论坛， 2013， 32（5）： 12-16. doi： 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2013.05.003 XU Wenjiang, TAN Xianhong, YU Yanbing, et al. Study of basic contradictions and main controlling factors of offshore low-permeability oilfield development[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2013, 32(5): 12-16. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2013.05.003
[9] 王云海.海洋油气压裂增产作业船技术现状及展望[J].石油机械， 2014， 52（5）： 71-77， 115. doi： 10.16082/j.-cnki.issn.1001-4578.2024.05.010 WANG Yunhai. Offshore fracturing vessels: Review and prospect[J]. China Petroleum Machinery, 2014, 52(5): 71-77, 115. doi:10.16082/j.cnki.issn.1001-4578.-2024.05.010
[10] ANON. 2016 World survey of stimulation vessels[J]. Offshore, 2016, 76(6): 58-59.
[11] 蒋廷学，王敏生.非常规油气藏复杂储层压裂技术与装备发展现状及趋势[J].石油钻探技术， 2025， 53（4）： 1-14. doi： 10.11911/syztjs.2025091 JIANG Tingxue, WANG Minsheng. Development status and trend of fracturing technologies and equipment for complex unconventional oil and Gas reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2025, 53(4): 1-14. doi: 10.-11911/syztjs.2025091
[12] 于大伟，谭立军，石喜军.大功率压裂泵液力端发展趋势及关键技术研究[J].石油机械， 2024， 52（8）： 118123. doi： 10.16082/j.cnki.issn.1001-4578.2024.08.-015 YU Dawei, TAN Lijun, SHI Xijun. Development trend and key technologies of hydraulic end of high-power fracturing pump[J]. China Petroleum Machinery, 2024, 52(8): 118-123. doi: 10.16082/j.cnki.issn.1001-4578.2024.08.-015
[13] 雷群，翁定为，管保山，等.中美页岩油气开采工程技术对比及发展建议[J].石油勘探与开发， 2023， 50（4）： 824-831. doi： 10.11698/PED.20220714 LEI Qun, WENG Dingwei, GUAN Baoshan, et al. Shale oil and gas exploitation in China: Technical comparison with US and development suggestions[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2023, 50(4): 824-831. doi: 10.-11698/PED.20220714
[14] 雷刚，王启中，许亚彬，等. 2000型海洋压裂橇组的研制[J].石油机械， 2011， 39（7）： 22-24. LEI Gang, WANG Qizhong, XU Yabin, et al. Research on Model 2000 offshore fracture skid assembly[J]. China Petroleum Machinery, 2011， 39(7): 22-24.
[15] 常双利.我国首艘6000 kW海洋油田增产船的设计与应用[J] ．中国海上油气， 2016， 28（4）： 120124. doi: 10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.04.019 CHANG Shuangli. Design and application of China's first 6000 kW offshore oilfield stimulation vessel[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2016, 28(4): 120-124. doi: 10.-11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.04.019
[16] 常双利，罗良，桂满海.“海洋石油640”总体性能设计特点[J] ．船舶设计通讯， 2016， 1： 2225. CHANG Shuangli, LUO Liang, GUI Manhai. Introduction to characteristics of performance design of the “HAI YANG SHI YOU 640”[J]. Journal of Ship Design, 2016, 1: 22-25.
[17] 李志明，杨磊，张金庆，等.海上低渗透油田特点及开发策略探讨[J].山东国土资源， 2011， 27（4）： 18-20， 25. doi： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6979.2011.04.005 LI Zhiming, YANG Lei, ZHANG Jinqing, et al. Study on characteristics of offshore low-permeability field and development strategy[J]. Shandong Land and Resources, 2011, 27(4): 18-20, 25. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6979.-2011.04.005
[18] 谭先红，余焱冰，徐文江.海上低渗油气田开发中的集成和集约技术方案[J].石油科技论坛， 2011， 30（5）： 25-29. doi： 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2011.05.006 TAN Xianhong, YU Yanbing, XU Wenjiang. Application of integrated and intensive technologies to offshore low permeability oil and gas field development[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2011, 30(5): 25-29. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2011.05.006
[19] 林永茂，缪尉杰，刘林，等.中江气田致密砂岩体积压裂应用[J].西南石油大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022， 44（3）： 148-156. doi： 10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2022.01.-25.06 LIN Yongmao, MIAO Weijie, LIU Lin, et al. Volume fracturing application of tight sandstone in Zhongjiang Gas Field[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Science & Technology Edition), 2022, 44(3): 148-156. doi: 10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2022.01.25.06
[20] 杜福云，黄杰，阮新芳，等.海上水平井分段压裂技术现状与展望[J].海洋石油， 2021， 41（1）： 22-26. doi： 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2336.2021.01.022 DU Fuyun, HUANG Jie, RUAN Xinfang, et al. Status and prospect of offshore horizontal well staged fracturing technology[J]. Offshore Oil, 2021, 41(1): 22-26. doi: 10.-3969/j.issn.1008-2336.2021.01.022
[21] 胡光义，孙福街，范廷恩，等.海上油气田勘探开发一体化理念、基本思路和对策[J].中国海上油气， 2013， 25（6）： 61-64. HU Guangyi, SUN Fujie, FAN Ting'en, et al. A conception of exploration-development integration and the relative working principles and procedure in offshore oil and gas fields[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2013, 25(6): 61-64.