页岩有机孔成因演化及影响因素探讨

doi:10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2018.03.05.03

西南石油大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 33-44.DOI: 10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2018.03.05.03

页岩有机孔成因演化及影响因素探讨

丁江辉^1,2,3, 张金川^1,2, 杨超⁴, 霍志鹏^1,2, 郎岳^1,2

1. 中国地质大学(北京)能源学院, 北京海淀 100083;
2. 国土资源部页岩气资源战略评价重点实验室, 北京海淀 100083;
3. 中国地质大学构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430074;
4. 有机地球化学国家重点实验室, 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所, 广东广州 510640

收稿日期:2018-03-05 出版日期:2019-04-10 发布日期:2019-04-10
通讯作者: 张金川,E-mail:zhangjc@cugb.edu.cn
作者简介:丁江辉,1990年生,男,汉族,内蒙古乌兰察布人,博士研究生,主要从事非常规油气储层地质评价及有机质富集机理等方面的研究工作。E-mail:djhdream2015@163.com;张金川,1964年生,男,汉族,河南焦作人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事非常规天然气地质、油气成藏机理与分布规律及油气资源评价等方面的教学与研究工作。E-mail:zhangjc@cugb.edu.cn;杨超,1988年生,男,汉族,山东枣庄人,博士后,主要从事非常规油气地球化学及致密储层地质评价方面的研究工作。E-mail:yangchao@gig.ac.cn;霍志鹏,1983年生,男,汉族,河北邯郸人,博士后,主要从事非常规油气富集机理与分布规律、烃源岩评价等方面的研究工作。E-mail:huozhipeng521@163.com;郎岳,1991年生,女,汉族,黑龙江大庆人,博士研究生,主要从事非常规油气地质勘探与评价等方面的研究工作。E-mail:gouqilier@126.com
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05034-002-001）；优秀导师基金项目（2-9-2017-318）；"构造与油气资源"教育部重点实验室开放研究基金（TPR-2018-09）

Formation Evolution and Influencing Factors of Organic Pores in Shale

DING Jianghui^1,2,3, ZHANG Jinchuan^1,2, YANG Chao⁴, HUO Zhipeng^1,2, LANG Yue^1,2

1. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Haidian, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Strategy Evaluation for Shale Gas, Ministry of Land and Resources, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources(China University of Geosciences), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China;
4. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China

Received:2018-03-05 Online:2019-04-10 Published:2019-04-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 有机孔作为页岩孔隙系统的重要组成部分，形成于页岩生烃演化过程中，是页岩气生成、扩散和聚集留下的痕迹，也是页岩储层生气、储气能力的体现。在系统调研文献的基础上，结合已有的地质资料，首先，探讨了有机孔的成因，认为有机孔是有机质在生气膨胀力足够强时突破有机质表面大规模发育形成，属于生气膨胀力成因。其次，讨论了有机孔发育的影响因素。结果表明，有机孔发育除受TOC、R_o、有机质类型及显微组分等有机质地化属性影响外，还受有机质塑性特征、有机质赋存形式、次生沥青、压实作用及地层压力系数等的影响，变质阶段有机质的强烈压实变形不利于有机孔的保存，有机质黏附于矿物表面则有助于有机孔的后期保存，而地层压力系数与有机孔的发育具有较好的对应性。最后，以R_o作为主要划分指标，将有机孔的演化过程划分为未-低熟、成熟、高-过成熟及变质4个阶段，有机孔大量形成于高-过成熟阶段。

关键词: 页岩, 有机孔, 成因, 影响因素, 演化过程

Abstract: Being an important constituent of the shale pore system, organic pores are formed during hydrocarbon generation in shale. They are traces of shale gas generation, diffusion, and accumulation, and they also reflect the gas generation and storage capacity of shale reservoirs. We explored the formation mechanism of organic pores based on the current literature and existing geological information. It is believed that organic pores form on a large scale when the expansive force of gas generation is sufficiently strong and organic matter breaks through its surface. Hence, organic pores form via the expansive force of gas generation. Factors influencing the development of organic pores are also discussed. The results show that organic pore development is not only influenced by the geochemical properties of organic matter, e.g., TOC, R_o, types of organic matter, and microscopic composition, but also by other factors, e.g., organic plasticity, forms of organic matter, secondary asphalt, compaction, and formation pressure coefficients. Intensive compaction deformation of organic matter does not favor preservation of organic pores during metamorphosis. Adhesion of organic matter onto mineral surfaces is conducive to late-stage preservation of organic pores, while formation pressure coefficients correspond relatively well to organic pore development. Finally, the organic pore evolution process is classified into four stages using Ro as the primary classification indicator, i.e., none to pre-mature, mature, highly to excessively mature, and metamorphosis. Many organic pores form during the highly to excessively mature stage.

Key words: shale, organic pore, genetic, influencing factor, evolution process

中图分类号:

TE122

丁江辉, 张金川, 杨超, 霍志鹏, 郎岳. 页岩有机孔成因演化及影响因素探讨[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 41(2): 33-44.

DING Jianghui, ZHANG Jinchuan, YANG Chao, HUO Zhipeng, LANG Yue. Formation Evolution and Influencing Factors of Organic Pores in Shale[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 41(2): 33-44.

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页岩有机孔成因演化及影响因素探讨

Formation Evolution and Influencing Factors of Organic Pores in Shale

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