Table of Content

15 February 2020, Volume 5 Issue 2

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Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Experience of 112 Children with Foreign Bodies in Digestive Tract

Liu Dan, Qu Yuan, Bai Yuzuo, Jia Huimin

2020, 5(2):  1-5.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 001

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Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment of foreign bodies in children′s digestive tract. Methods:
Clinical data of 112 cases of children with foreign bodies in digestive tract admitted to Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
from January 2012 to June 2018 was retrospectively analyzed. Among the 112 cases, 83 were of foreign bodies in the esophagus, 7 were
of foreign bodies in the gastroduodenum, and 22 were of foreign bodies in intestinal tract. The 90 cases of foreign bodies in the
esophagus and gastroduodenum were treated with endoscopic removal. Among the 22 cases of foreign bodies in intestinal tract, 14
received conservative treatment and 8 underwent surgeries. Results: 85 cases of foreign body showed different manifestations
depending on the location, 27 cases were asymptomatic, and all were diagnosed based on history of mistakenly swallowed foreign bodies
and imaging. 90 cases of foreign body removal by endoscope were safely removed. 14 cases were conservatively treated for an average of
6.3 d and the foreign bodies were excreted through the anus. No open surgery was performed. 8 cases of foreign body removal through
surgeries were successfully treated, among which the foreign bodies were found in the jejunum in 3 cases, in the ileum in 4 cases, and
in the cecum in 1 case. Postoperative complications of incision and suppuration happened in 2 cases, and all children were cured and
discharged. Conclusion: Children′s clinical manifestations vary greatly after swallowing foreign bodies. Comprehensive treatment
decisions need to be made based on the size, nature, location, duration of disease. Asymptomatic foreign bodies can be closely
observed, but active intervention is required when serious complications occur.

Analysis of Diagnosis and Management of 13 Cases of Digestive Tract Obstruction Caused by#br# Orbeez in Children

Zhang Xueqin, Bai Qiang, Dong Kegang

2020, 5(2):  6-8.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 002

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Objective: To summarize the clinical features and therapeutic experiences of digestive tract obstruction caused by Orbeez
in children. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on the clinical manifestations, examinations and treatments with 13 cases
of digestive tract obstruction caused by Orbeez in children from March 2017 to July 2019 in Affiliated Kunming Children′s Hospital of
Kunming Medical University. Results: All 13 cases had clinical and imaging manifestations of different degrees of digestive tract
obstruction, the conditions were aggravated after conservative treatment, and surgical explorations were performed. In the operation, it
was found that the obstructions were caused by Orbeez. 2 cases were performed by enterotomy to remove the foreign bodies. The other
11 cases were treated by decompression from the intestinal tract to the colon after squeezing the foreign bodies. All the cases were
cured. Conclusion: Intestinal obstructions caused by Orbeez are mostly located in the small intestine, and it is often difficult to excrete
by themselves. Prompt surgical exploration is required as soon as possible after diagnosis, and it is recommended to crush and
decompress the foreign bodies in the intestine to the colon and waited for excretion.

Application of Penis Root Incision in Buried Penile Correction in Children

Lü Qingshang

2020, 5(2):  9-11.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 003

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Objective: To analyze the effect of penis root incision in children′s buried penile correction. Methods: From July 2016 to
July 2018, 72 cases were studied, all of which were children undergoing buried penile surgeries. They were grouped according to the
random number table method. Those of odd numbers were divided into the observation group（n=36）, and those of even numbers were
divided into the control group（n=36）. The observation group was operated by penile root incision, the control group underwent deglove
and fixation, and the clinical effects of the two groups were compared. Results: The operative time and hospital stay in the observation
group were shorter than those in the control group, and the intraoperative blood loss was also less than that in the control group. The
difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Postoperative NRS pain scores at 12 and 24 h were lower in the observation group
than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion: For children with buried penis, the
incision at the base of penis can achieve satisfactory results, with less postoperative pain and shorter hospital stay. It is an alternative
surgical method.

Influence of Different Ways to Seek Medical Help on Health Economics of Acute Appendicitis in Children

Zhou Rubao, Zhang Shanshan, Wang Ning, Li Na, Shen Wei, Zhang Yuanyuan, He Jie, Wu Xuedong

2020, 5(2):  12-16.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 004

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 Objective: To explore the influence of different ways to seek medical help（first visit or referral）on health economics of
acute appendicitis in children. Methods: 292 children with acute appendicitis were divided into four groups according to the ways to
seek medical help（first visit or referral）in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University from January 2013 to December 2016. In
Group 1, there were 79 cases of the first visit; in Group 2, there were 137 cases of referral for once; in Group 3, there were 66 cases of
referral for twice; and in Group 4, there were 10 cases of referral for at least three times. The values including the time period of disease
course, ratio of appendiceal perforation and postoperative complications, duration and cost of hospitalization were compared and
analyzed with t-Test, χ 2 and Logistic in different groups. Results: From Group 1 to Group 4, relevant data was: ① disease course
（36.27±24.85）h,（57.05±40.53）h,（95.10±63.29）h and（105.60±27.36）h; ② the ratio of appendiceal perforation 17.72%, 38.69%,
53.03% and 90.00%; ③ the ratio of postoperative complications 2.53%, 14.60%, 24.24% and 80.00%; ④ hospital days（6.82±2.54）
d,（8.78 ±4.32）d,（12.03±5.27）d and（18.00±8.60）d; ⑤ hospital costs（RMB 3 927.66±945.46）,（RMB 4 563.03±1 217.61）,（RMB
6 056.31±1 909.70）and（RMB 9 802.49±2 551.49）respectively. From the first diagnosis to the referral and multiple referrals, there
were significant increases in all indicators. Except for the difference in disease course between Group 3 and Group 4（P>0.05）, there
were statistically significant differences among other indicators between different groups（P<0.05）and there was a positive correlation
between different indicators（P=0.000）. Logistic regression was P<0.05. Conclusion: Hospital costs increased in children with acute
appendicitis due to the increase of the appendiceal perforation rate, the postoperative complications rate and the length of hospital stay
with the prolong of illness course because of the different option for seeking medical help ways from first visit to one or more times of
referrals. It is suggested that the children with acute appendicitis should be treated in the first hospital as far as possible and avoid
times of referral because it is beneficial to them on shorten the length of disease and hospital days and reduce medical costs.

Advances in Ultrasound Diagnosis of Biliary Atresia

Liu Nana，Li Xin，Zhan Jianghua

2020, 5(2):  17-22.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 005

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Ultrasound is the first choice for biliary atresia due to its unique advantages. With the increasing professionalization of
ultrasound doctors and the improvement of technical equipment, ultrasound observation of children with biliary atresia has become
more and more detailed, and scholars have continued to study on this and proposed different abnormal image changes. The abnormal
image changes that biliary atresia can show in prenatal ultrasound include cystic biliary atresia and non-visualization of gallbladder.
Ultrasound diagnosis of postnatal biliary atresia should comprehensively analyze multiple imaging manifestations, including the
presence of the gallbladder, changes in the size, shape, and wall of the gallbladder, gallbladder contraction status after eating, triangle
signs, subcapsular blood flow, and hepatic artery dilatation. This article reviews the advances in ultrasound findings and diagnostic
value of biliary atresia before and after birth.

Chemical Constituents of Underground Parts of Cimicifuga yunnanensis

Ning Xiao，Wang Min,Cui Shujun,Xiao Chaojiang,Jiang Bei

2020, 5(2):  23-26.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 006

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Objective: To study the chemical constituents of the underground parts of Cimicifuga yunnanensis. Methods: The
compounds were isolated and purified by using various column chromatography padded with silica gel and macroporous resin,
respectively, and preparative HPLC was used to assisst constituent purification as well. Their structures were identified based on
physical characteristics and spectroscopic data. Results: Five compounds were obtained from EtOAc-soluble part and butanol-soluble
part of 70% acetone extract of underground parts of C. yunnanensis and identified as cimicifugoside H-2（1）, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin
（2）, daucosterol（3）, β-sitosterol（4）, and bisphenol A（5）. Conclusion: Compounds 1-5 were isolated from C. yunnanensis for the
first time.

Chemical Constituents from the Ethyl Acetate Portion of Rumex japonicus

Zhao Yueli, Dong Hongqiang, Zhang Lansheng

2020, 5(2):  27-30.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 007

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Objective: To study the chemical constituents in Rumex japonicus. Methods: Isolation and purification from the ethyl
acetate extract of Rumex japonicus were carried out by column chromatography silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were
elucidated based on the physical characteristics and spectroscopic data. Results: Seven compounds were isolated and identified as
chrysophanol（1）, citreorosein （2）, physcion（3）, rhein-8-O- β -D-glucopyranoside（4）, syringaresinol（5）, quercitroside（6）,
isoshinanolone（7）. Conclusion: Compounds 1-4 were anthraquinones, compounds 6 was flavonoid, and compounds 2, 4 and 5 were
isolated from this plant for the first time.

Correlation between Anti-inflammatory Activity and HPLC Spectrum of Different Polar Parts of#br# Geranium strictipes

Lü Xing, Lu Jiansheng,Geng Shuqiong,Chen Junya,Geng Ling,Lan Hai,Zhou Ping

2020, 5(2):  31-37.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 008

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Objective: To study the correlation among the spectra-effect relationship of HPLC spectrums of ethanol extracts and their
polar parts of Geranium strictipes and their anti-inflammatory activities in vivo, and explore the material basis of the anti-inflammatory
activity of Geranium strictipes. Methods: The HPLC spectrums of different parts of Geranium strictipes were established. The anti-
inflammatory activities of different parts of Geranium strictipes were determined by xylene-induced mouse ear swelling method. The
spectral-effect correlation between HPLC characteristic peaks of different parts and their anti-inflammatory effects was analyzed by
bivariate correlation analysis and partial least squares regression analysis. Results: Different parts of Geranium strictipes all exhibited
anti-inflammatory effects in which the ethyl acetate part worked best. The 27 characteristic chromatographic peaks in the HPLC
spectrums were selected, and 13 peaks were significantly correlated with the anti-inflammatory rate, the peaks ranked as No. 1（gallic
acid）, 2（methyl gallate）, 3（catechin）, 8, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19（pentagalloylglucose）, 20, 21, 25 and 27. Conclusion: The anti-
inflammatory activity of Geranium strictipes is the result of the coaction of multiple components.

Study on the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-itch Effects of Meilianjing Gel

Cui Xueping,Li Guike,Zhao Jianting,Jin Fanmao,Liu Heng,Wang Bin

2020, 5(2):  38-42.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 009

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Objective: To study the anti-inflammatory and anti-itch effects of Meilianjing gel. Methods: The anti-inflammatory
effects of Meilianjing gel were studied by xylene-induced mouse ear swelling experiment, carrageenin-induced mouse foot swelling
experiment, agar-induced granulation experiment and acetic-acid induced capillary permeability experiment. The anti-itch effect of
Meilianjing gel was studied by chloroquine induced mouse pruritus experiment. Results: High, middle and low dosage group of
Meilianjing gel could obviously inhibit the auricle swelling of mouse which was induced by xylene（P<0.05）and foot swelling of mouse
which was induced by carrageenan（P<0.05）. High and middle dosage group of Meilianjing gel could obviously promote the granuloma
production of mouse（P<0.01）. Middle dosage group of Meilianjing gel could obviously inhibit capillary permeability of mouse which
was induced by acetic acid（P<0.01）; high dosage group of Meilianjing gel could reduce the number of scratches of mouse itching
which was induced by chloroquine（P<0.05）. Conclusion: Meilianjing gel can reduce the swelling degree of mouse with ear and foot
swelling, reduce the capillary permeability of mouse, and relieve the symptoms of itching in mouse. Meilianjing gel has obvious anti-
inflammatory and anti-itch effects.

Research on Extraction Technology of Polysaccharides from Triplostegia glandulifera#br# by Response Surface Methodology

Mi Dan, Li Caiyi, Yang Zongbin, Wang Fusheng

2020, 5(2):  43-49.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 010

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Objective: In order to improve the extraction rate of polysaccharides from Triplostegia glandulifera. Methods: Phenol-
sulfuric acid method was used to quantitatively analyze polysaccharides from T. glandulifera. Based on the results of single factor
experiment , the extraction process of polysaccharides from T. glandulifera was optimized by response surface methodology. Results:
The best conditions for the response surface optimization were as follows: liquid-material ratio was 1 ： 39（W/V）, extraction temperature
was 89 ℃, extraction times was 3, and extracting time was 3.97 h. The average extraction rate of polysaccharide was 5.97% under the
optimal conditions. Conclusion: It is reasonable and feasible to optimize the extraction conditions of the polysaccharides from T.
glandulifera by response surface methodology combined with single factor investigation. The data can provide a theoretical basis for the
further exploitation and utilization of T. glandulifera.

Analysis on Application of Narcotic Drugs in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College#br# from 2015 to 2018

Wu Yilai, Pan Ronghua, Wang Weiping, Xu Wenke

2020, 5(2):  50-55.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 011

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Objective: To investigate the application of narcotic drugs in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College（hereinafter
referred to as "our hospital"）from 2015 to 2018, so as to provide reference for the scientific management and rational application of
narcotics. Methods: Statistical analysis was conducted on the usage amount, consumption sum, defined daily dose system（DDDs）,
defined daily cost（DDC）and B/A of narcotic drugs in our hospital from 2015 to 2018 according to defined daily dose（DDD）analysis
recommended by WHO. Results: From 2015 to 2018, the usage amount of narcotic drugs in our hospital had been increasing year by
year. The usage amount and consumption sum of oral sustained-release preparations and transdermal patches increased significantly.
The DDDs of sufentanil injection continued to increase, and other narcotic drugs were relatively stable. Sufentanil injection, oxycodone
sustained-release tablets, morphine sustained-release tablets and fentanyl transdermal patch had a relatively high DDC. The B/A of all
narcotic drugs were close to 1 in 2018, which meant better synchronization of economic and social benefits. Conclusion: The
consumption of narcotics in our hospital has been increasing year by year. The application basically meets the relevant standards and
treatment specifications, but it still needs to be strengthened.

Influence of Xinmailong Injection on Microglia Activation and Subtype Differentiation after Cerebral#br# Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rats

Shen Lei,Wu Zhuo,Liu Xiaoyi,Li Ying,Li Qiujing

2020, 5(2):  56-60.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 012

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 Objective: To study the influence of Xinmailong Injection（XML）on microglia activation and subtype differentiation after
middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion（MCAO/R）in rats. Methods: After establishment of MCAO/R models, the medicines
were given after 1 h reperfusion, 3 times in total and 24 h interval each time. Then, the influences of XML on Iba-1+ cellular density in
ischemic penumbra were observed by immunofluorescence method, the effects of XML on the levels of CD16 and Arginase-1 gene
expression in ischemic penumbra were measured by Q-PCR. Results: Compared with MCAO/R model group, XML significantly
decreased activated microglia density in ischemic penumbra after MCAO/R in rats, reduced the levels of CD16 gene expression, while
could not affect Arginase-1 gene expression. Conclusion: XML reduced microglia activation in ischemic penumbra, decreased the
transformation of microglia to M 1 subtype, but not affect microglia transformation to M 2 subtype.

Effects of PPAR-alpha Agonist WY14643 on the Expression of MMP-9 in Rabbit VX2 Hepatocellular#br# Carcinoma

Wu Chunhua,Li Xingyun,Zhang Yue,Yang Daixian,Liu Dongyan,Du Wei

2020, 5(2):  61-64.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 013

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Objective: To study the effect of PPAR-alpha agonist WY14643 on the expression of MMP-9 in hepatocellular
carcinoma. Methods: Twenty-four rabbits with VX2 hepatocellular carcinoma were established and randomly divided into four groups:
the control group, the low, the medium and the high dose group, each group consisting of 6 rabbits. Each medicated group was given
WY14643 at low（1 mg/kg）, medium（3 mg/kg）and high（6 mg/kg）doses via ear vein respectively. The control group was given the
same amount of 0.9% sodium chloride solution（NS）. The levels of MMP-9 in serum of each medicated group were determined before
and 12, 24 and 48 hours after administration. The control group was detected by blood sampling at the same time, and the SSPS 22.0
was used for statistical analyses. Then the experimental animals were killed and the samples of tumor tissues and adjacent liver tissues
were obtained for histopathological examination. Results: Compared with the control group, the serum levels of MMP-9 in WY14643
medium and high dose groups were significantly lower（P < 0.05）. The tumor cells in the four groups showed obvious pathological
changes; in the control group and the low dose group, a large number of steatosis and apoptotic cells were observed in the liver tissues
adjacent to cancer, and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated in the surrounding tissues. Only mild steatosis and a small
number of inflammatory cells infiltrated in the liver tissues adjacent to cancer in middle and high dose groups. Conclusion: WY14643
has a certain inhibitory effect on MMP-9 of VX2 hepatocellular carcinoma in rabbits.

Clinical Analysis of 18 Cases with Obturator Hernia

Shi Rongjie,Chen Xu,Cun Xiangnong

2020, 5(2):  65-67.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 014

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Objective: To analyze and summarize the diagnosis and treatment of obturator hernia in order to reduce misdiagnosis.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 18 patients with obturator hernia who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital
of Dali University from January 2013 to December 2018. Results: 9 cases were diagnosed preoperatively and 9 cases were diagnosed
intraoperatively. One patient underwent conservative treatment and 17 patients underwent surgical treatment, including 10 patients on
the left side, 6 patients on the right side, and 1 patient on both sides. One patient underwent 2 operations for adhesion intestinal
obstruction on the 8th day after surgery. One patient was discharged from hospital with sudden disturbance of consciousness and
respiratory failure. One patient relapsed 1 year after operation, and the repair of obturator hernia was performed. Conclusion: When
thin elderly patients have unexplained intestinal obstruction, we should consider whether it is obturator orbital. Pelvic CT can be used
as a routine examination before surgery, and strive to achieve early diagnosis and timely surgical treatment to avoid intestinal necrosis
and improve patients′ prognosis quality.

A Case Report of Effusion Lymphoma and Related Literature Review

Wang Xiaoxiao,Gao Bo,Pan Yun

2020, 5(2):  68-71.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 015

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Objective: A case of lymphoma with the first manifestation of pleural effusion was reported to provide a reference for the
diagnosis and treatment of effusion lymphoma. Methods: Pleural effusion was collected to make cell blocks, which routinely stained
with HE, immunohistochemical staining（IHC）and in situ hybridization（ISH）detection were performed to observe tissue morphology
and evaluate immunophenotype. We followed up the patient subsequently. Results: A lot of atypical lymphoid cells were found in
pleural effusion. The results of IHC staining showed as follows: CD20, PAX5, BCL-2, BCL-6 and MUM1 were positive, while the
CD45RO, Calretintin, CD10, CD3, CK20, CK7, C-MYC and HHV-8 were negative; Ki-67 positive index was 80%. In situ
hybridization showed that the tumor cells nuclei were negative for EBER. The patient was diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
with secondary exudation and non-germinal central type（Non-GCB）. The patient deteriorated and died two months after diagnosis.
Conclusion: Effusion lymphoma is a rare type of lymphoma. Once malignant effusion in serous cavity occurs in patients with
lymphoma, the prognosis is poor. This disease should be differentiated from inflammatory exudation and metastatic tumors, and IHC is
useful for the diagnosis.

Study on the Intervention of Cytokines by Salmon Calcitonin Combined with Sodium Hyaluronate

Li Chao, Zhao Jianbo, He Ning, Zhao Haodong, Yin Kun

2020, 5(2):  72-75.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 016

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Objective: To investigate the effect of salmon calcitonin combined with sodium hyaluronate on cytokines in synovial fluid
in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: 80 patients with early and medial stage knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into
the experimental group and the control group, with 40 cases in each group. The experimental group was treated with salmon calcitonin
and sodium hyaluronate, and the control group was only treated with sodium hyaluronate. Before and after three months of treatment,
the levels of synovial fluid IL-1β, IL-6 and MMP-3 in knee articular cavity of two groups were measured with ELISA. Results: Before
treatment, there were no significant differences in the levels of synovial fluid IL-1β, IL-6 and MMP-3 between the two groups（P>
0.05）.After treatment, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and MMP-3 in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the
control group, with statistically significant differences（P<0.05）.Conclusion: After the treatment of salmon calcitonin and sodium
hyaluronate for osteoarthritis, the levels of synovial fluid IL-1β, IL-6 and MMP-3 in knee articular cavity could be decreased, so it
may be a new therapy in treating osteoarthritis.

The Role and Application of Serum Procalcitonin in Infections of Patients Suffering Severe Traffic#br# Trauma on Yunnan-Tibet Highway

Li Qian, Yang Zhengbiao, Zhu Qiyu, Zhang Shengmei

2020, 5(2):  76-79.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 017

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Objective:Toinvestigatetheclinicaleffectsofserum procalcitonininpatientswhosufferedseveretraffictraumaonYunnan-
Tibet Highway. Methods: From January 2015 to December 2017, 1 396 patients with severe head injuries, liver and spleen ruptures,
thoracoabdominal injuries or multiple injuries who were admitted to 32268 Army of Chinese PLA after traffic accidents on Yunnan-Tibet
Highway were selected and observed for PCT, blood culture and secretion culture. The value of PCT in diagnosing the infections of
patients who suffered severe traffic trauma on Yunnan-Tibet Highway was analyzed. Results: The PCT level of patients in the infected
group was significantly higher than that in the control group［（5.38±2.71）vs.（0.56±0.42）ng/mL, P<0.01］; the area under ROC curve of
PCT in the diagnosis of patients who suffered severe traffic trauma on Yunnan-Tibet Highway was［0.897（0.778-0.981）, P < 0.01］; The
positive rate of blood culture was 16.39% and PCT was 80.60% in the infected group after 24 hours of fever. PCT level of patients infected
with gram-negative bacilli was significantly higher than that of patients infected with gram-positive bacilli. Conclusion: PCT can be
used as a diagnostic index for infections of patients who suffered severe traffic trauma on Yunnan-Tibet Highway.

Application of Blood Urea Nitrogen /Creatinine Ratio in the Differentiation and Diagnosis of Upper and#br# Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Li Yinghua, Wang Anxiu, Wu Yuhuai, Liu Jianping, Yang Yaopeng

2020, 5(2):  80-83.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 018

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Objective: By analyzing the changes of blood urea nitrogen/creatinine（BUN/Cr）ratio in patients with gastrointestinal
bleeding, the best diagnostic cutoff point was found to identify the BUN/Cr value of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding.
Methods: The patients in the emergency department of gastrointestinal bleeding admitted to the People′s Hospital of Yuxi City from
January 2015 to December 2016 were reviewed and collected, including information on vital signs, age and gender detected at the time
of admission. The BUN/Cr differential analysis was performed by calculating the BUN/Cr value of the patient and dividing the bleeding
site into the upper gastrointestinal bleeding group and the lower gastrointestinal bleeding group. Results: A total of 120 patients with
gastrointestinal bleeding were enrolled, including 72 cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and 48 cases of lower gastrointestinal
bleeding. The BUN/Cr value of the upper gastrointestinal bleeding group was higher than that of the lower gastrointestinal bleeding
group（P<0.05）. When the BUN/Cr value was ≥ 28.5, upper gastrointestinal bleeding was considered, the sensitivity was 76.1%, and
the specificity was 89.2%. Conclusion: BUN/Cr value ≥ 28.50 has a higher value for the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding;
and BUN/Cr value < 28.50 cannot identify upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Clinical Distribution and Drug Resistance of 128 Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae in a Hospital

Duan Fulong

2020, 5(2):  84-87.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 019

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Objective: The clinical distribution and drug resistance of 128 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae （SPN）were investigated
in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University in order to provide more reliable basis for clinical medication. Methods: The clinical
distribution and drug sensitive tests of 128 strains of SPN were retrospectively analyzed from March 2017 to March 2018 in the First
Affiliated Hospital of Dali University. MIC value was used to analyze the drug sensitivity, and WHONET 5.6 software was used for
statistic analysis. Results: 128 strains of SPN were mainly found from the Department of Pediatrics（53.90%）, and mainly from sputum
specimens（89.06%）. The susceptible population was mainly infants（39.06%）and elderly（25.00%）. The drug resistance rate of SPN
to penicillin was 33.59%, and the drug resistance rate of erythromycin, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were more than
70%. SPN has higher sensibility to levofloxacin, ofloxacin, chloramphenicol, cefotaxime and amoxicillin with rate of more than 80%. No
vancomycin, ertapenem, moxifloxacin, rina thiazole amine and telithromycin drug resistant strain was found. Conclusion: The SPN was
mainly isolated from infants and the senior people. More attention should be paid to the result of the drug sensibility to direct clinical
rational and moderate use of antibiotics for patients in order to reduce production of SPN drug-resistant strains.

Correlation between Serum α-L-Fucosidase and Blood Lipids in Late Pregnant Women

Zhu Jiangxian,Shen Huaxian,Yao Xiyou

2020, 5(2):  88-92.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 020

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Objective: To investigate the changes of serum α-L-fucosidase（AFU）and blood lipids in pregnant women and the
correlation between the two factors to provide guidance for the diagnosis of hyperlipidaemia in late pregnant women. Methods: The
subjects were divided into three groups: the early and middle pregnancy group before 28th week of gestation, the late pregnancy group
after 28th week of gestation and the healthy non-pregnancy group. Serum AFU and blood lipid concentration were detected in each
group and analyzed by SPSS software. Results: Compared with non-pregnancy group, AFU in late pregnancy group was significantly
higher（P<0.05）. Triglyceride（TG）, total cholesterol（TC）, low density lipoprotein（LDL）, very low density lipoprotein（VLDL）,
apolipoprotein A（ApoA）and apolipoprotein B（ApoB）were significantly higher（P<0.05）. In the late pregnancy group, with the
increase of gestational weeks, AFU and blood lipids such as TG, TC, LDL, VLDL, ApoA and ApoB increased gradually, and there was a
correlation between them（P<0.05, r＞0.9）. Conclusion: The serum AFU and blood lipid levels of late pregnant women could change,
and there are correlation between serum AFU and blood lipids. Serum AFU can help evaluate the blood lipid level of late pregnant
women.

Analysis on the Effect of Oxygen Inhalation by Non-Humidified Medium and Low Flow Nasal Catheter#br# in Two Third-Grade Class-A Hospitals of Dali

Dong Wei,Fu Yanfen,Zhang Chunqiong,Dong Yuchuan,Jin Zhuxuan,Liu Liangping,Jiang Yangping

2020, 5(2):  93-96.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 021

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Objective: To investigate the effects of oxygen inhalation by nasal catheter with medium and low flow（<4 L/min）in
routine humidification and non-humidification on the efficacy, comfort and cost of oxygen therapy. Methods: A total of 1 660 adult
inpatients were included with medium and low flow oxygen inhalation from July to November 2018 in two third-grade class-A hospitals
in Dali. They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. Non-humidification oxygen was used in the
observation group and humidification oxygen was used in the control group. The differences of oxygen therapy between the two groups
were compared. Results: After testing, there was no significant difference in the nasal mucosal hemorrhage, nasal mucosa dryness and
blood oxygen saturation between the two oxygenation methods（P>0.05）; the difference in the impact on the patient′s sleep was
statistically significant（P<0.001）. At the same time, non-humidified oxygen absorption reduced the cost of human and material
resources and improved the quality of patient′s sleep at night. Conclusion: Adult nasal catheter oxygen inhalation with medium and
low flow does not need to be humidified.

Analysis of Hygiene Surveillance Results of Different Water Supply Treatment Modes#br# of Drinking Water in Dali Prefecture

He Sheji,Feng Yanmei,He Zuo,Zhou Yun,Ji Shoulian

2020, 5(2):  97-100.  DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 2096-2266. 2020. 02. 022

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Objective: To know the hygienic quality situation of drinking water of urban and rural residents in Dali Prefecture, and
provide a scientific basis for improving the safety of drinking water in the area. Methods: Sample data of water quality monitoring in
Dali Prefecture from 2014 to 2017 were obtained from National Drinking Water Quality Hygiene Monitoring Information System. The
statistical analysis was carried out under SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Results: Comparing the qualified rate of rural drinking water
with that of urban drinking water, the qualified rate of urban drinking water is higher than that of rural drinking water, and the
difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Comparing the qualified rate of different treatment methods, the difference was
statistically significant（P<0.05）. Comparing the qualified rate of different disinfection methods, the difference was statistically
significant（P<0.05）. In General, the water samples that were disinfected with bleaching powder, chorine dioxide and liquid chlorine
were more qualified than those that were not. Conclusion: The sanitary quality of drinking water in Dali Prefecture needs to be
improved, especially in rural areas.