西南石油大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 115-128.DOI: 10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2017.03.22.03

• 石油与天然气工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

超低渗透油藏水平井注采井网设计优化研究

樊建明1,2, 屈雪峰1,2, 王冲1,2, 张庆洲1,2, 王选茹1,2   

  1. 1. 中国石油长庆油田公司勘探开发研究院, 陕西 西安 710018;
    2. 低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室, 陕西 西安 710018
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-22 出版日期:2018-04-01 发布日期:2018-04-01
  • 通讯作者: 樊建明,E-mail:fanjm_cq@petrochina.com.cn
  • 作者简介:樊建明,1976年生,男,汉族,陕西大荔人,高级工程师,博士,主要从事低渗致密油藏开发方面的研究工作。E-mail:fanjm_cq@petrochina.com.cn;屈雪峰,1972年生,女,汉族,山西运城人,教授级高级工程师,主要从事低渗致密油藏开发研究和技术管理工作。E-mail:qxf_cq@petrochina.com.cn;王冲,1987年生,女,汉族,山东临沂人,工程师,硕士,主要从事致密油藏开发方面的研究工作。E-mail:wch_cq@petrochina.com.cn;张庆洲,1980年生,男,汉族,甘肃庆城人,工程师,硕士,主要从事油田开发方面的研究工作。E-mail:zqz_cq@petrochina.com.cn;王选茹,1980年生,女,汉族,辽宁铁岭人,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事致密油藏开发方面的研究工作。E-mail:wangxr1_cq@petrochina.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05013-004);中石油股份公司重大科技专项(2016E-0505)

Optimization Study of the Horizontal Well and Injection-production Pattern in an Ultra-low-permeability Reservoir

FAN Jianming1,2, QU Xuefeng1,2, WANG Chong1,2, ZHANG Qingzhou1,2, WANG Xuanru1,2   

  1. 1. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Changqing Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, China;
    2. National Engineering Laboratory of Low Permeability Oilfield Exploration and Development, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, China
  • Received:2017-03-22 Online:2018-04-01 Published:2018-04-01

摘要: 针对超低渗油藏水平井开发面临的稳产问题,在超低渗透油藏水平井见水、见效分析及开采规律认识的基础上,形成了适合超低渗透油藏水平井注采井网设计的基本原则:(1)人工压裂缝三维空间拓展范围是注采井网设计的基础;(2)井排方向与最大主应力方向垂直;(3)井网以侧向驱替补充能量为主;(4)提高水驱控制面积比,优化井距、排距和水平段长度;(5)提高单段改造强度,缩小段间距,实现缝间储量的有效动用。以注采井网设计的基本原则为基础,采用矿场统计和理论分析相结合的方向,提出了进一步改善水平井开发效果的技术方向和政策:(1)提高水平井单段产量;(2)提高井网压力保持水平,优化井距为500~600 m,I类、Ⅱ类,Ⅲ类油藏水平段长度分别为500~550,450~500和400~450 m,I类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类油藏排距分别为150,120~130和100~120 m;(3)采用小水量温和注水的技术,分类优化单井注水强度;(4)水平井合理初期产量根据存地液量、排距和水线推进速度的关系来确定,合理生产流压注水未见效前略大于饱和压力,注水见效后保持不低于饱和压力的2/3。

关键词: 超低渗透, 水平井, 见效程度评价方法, 注采井网, 优化调整, 适应性

Abstract: This study forms the basic principle of an injection-production well design for a horizontal well in an ultra-lowpermeable reservoir based on the understanding of the breakthrough, effect analysis, and mining rule of the horizontal well in an ultra-low-permeable reservoir to solve the problem of stable production. The following points are discussed:(1) the expanding range of the three-dimensional space of an artificial pressure crack is the foundation of the injection-production pattern design; (2) the direction of the well arrangement is perpendicular to the maximum principal stress; (3) the lateral displacement of the well network is the main supplementary energy; (4) the well spacing, distance, and horizontal section length should be optimized to improve the water flooding control area ratio; and (5) spacing must be reduced and an effective use of the gap between the reserves must be realized to improve the intensity of the single section. The technical direction and policy of further improving the development effect of horizontal wells are put forward based on the basic principles of the injection-production well pattern design along with the combination of field statistics and theoretical analysis to (1) improve the level of the single segment output; (2) improve the level of the well network pressure and optimize the well spacing for 500-600 m (the horizontal segment lengths of the reservoirs of the I, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ classes were 500-550 m, 450-500 m, and 400-450 m, respectively, and the reservoir row spacings of the I, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ classes were 150, 120~130, and 100~120 m, respectively; (3) optimize the water injection intensity of the single well using the technique of low and moderate water injection; and (4) determine the reasonable initial output of the horizontal well using the relationship between the amount of deposit, distance, and velocity of the water line. The reasonable production flow pressure injection was slightly greater than the saturation pressure before the water injection was effective, and was not less than 2/3 of the saturated pressure.

Key words: ultra-low permeability, horizontal well, evaluation method of effective degree, injection-production pattern, optimization adjustment, adaptability

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