Table of Content

15 December 2011, Volume 10 Issue 12

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Protective Effects of Periplaneta Americana Extract CII-3 against Acute Hepatic Injury Induced by Alcohol in Rats

ZHANG Xu-Qiang, HE Xu, CHEN Jun-Ya, HU Wen-Shuai, PENG Fang

2011, 10(12):  1-5. 

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Objective: To investigate the protective effects of CII-3, which was extracted from Periplaneta americana against acute hepatic injury induced by alcohol in rats. Methods: The rat model of acute hepatic injury was induced by stomach perfusion with 56⁰ Red Star Liquor for 10 days and different doses of CII-3 treatment. At the 11th day of the treatment, the ALT, AST, TG in rat serum and GSH, SOD, MDA in liver homogenate were measured. At the end of the treatment, the rats were euthanized and the hepatic tissues were conduct to the histopathological examination. Results: Compared with the control group, CII-3 treatment could remarkably reduce the levels of ALT, AST, TG and MDA (P<0.01), and increase the levels of SOD and GSH (P<0.01); furthermore, CII-3 treatment could mitigate hepatocyte fatty degeneration, cellular necrosis and inflammatory infiltration. Conclusion: CII-3 extracted from Periplaneta americana may prevent rats from acute hepatic injury induced by alcohol.

Protective Effect of Periplaneta Americana Extract CII-3 against Arrhythmia in Rats

PENG Li, LU Li, ZHANG Xu-Qiang, GAN Ping, HE Xu, CHEN Jun-Ya, PENG Fang

2011, 10(12):  6-9. 

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Objective: To explore the protective effect and mechanism of CII-3 extracted from Periplaneta americana against
arrhythmia induced by aconitine in rats. Methods: Arrhythmia in rat was induced by aconitine with femoral vein injection, with different doses of CII-3 treatment, the incidence rates of ventricular premature beats（VP）, ventricular tachycardia（VT）, ventricular fibrillation （VF）and cardiac arrest （CA）were recorded, and the arrhythmia score, activity of CK and LDH were detected. Results:The amount of aconitine in inducing VP, VT, VF and CA was increased after CII-3 treatment, which showed decreased incidences of VT, VF, CA and the arrhythmia score, as well as the the activity of CK （P<0.05）. However, there was no influence of CII-3 on the activity of LDH. Conclusion: The data demonstrated that there was remarkable protective effect of CII-3 against arrhythmia induced by aconitine in rats.

Chemical Constituents of the Polar Part of Swertia Punicea Hemsl

KANG Shao-Long, LI Dong-Mei, WANG Cong, LAI Jiao, XIAO Huai

2011, 10(12):  10-11. 

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Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents of Swertia punicea Hemsl. Methods: The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel, ODS, MCI and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and their structures were elucidated by TLC, UV,1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR analysis. Results: Six compounds were isolated and identified from butanol fraction of Swertia punicea extract, and they are 1,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone （I）, 1,3,8-trihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone （II）, 1,8-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthone（III）, 1,3,5,8 tetrahydroxyxanthone（IV）, oleanolicacid（V）and sweroside（VI）. Conclusion: Compound（II） was obtained from this plant for the first time.

Influence Factor Study of the Determination of Free Amino Acids in Periplaneta Americana Medicine

WANG Jia-Dang, LI Yan-Ling, HE Yong-Mei, SUN Xiao-Mei, YANG Yong-Shou

2011, 10(12):  12-15. 

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Objective: To study the influence factors of the determination of free amino acids in Periplaneta americana medicine and find out the best testing condition. Methods: Single factor experiment and orthogonal test design were applied to determine the solvent concentration, material ratio, extraction time, extraction times, active carbon dosage, decoloring time, pH value of the buffer solvent and coloring time. Results: The optimum extraction condition for free amino acids from the Periplaneta americana is that reflux extraction is applied to the 8 times of 65% ethanol for 3 times with each time lasting 60 minutes; the optimum testing condition lies when the ratio between active carbon and the sample is 4:100 in the 10 minutes' decolorization, and the pH value of the butter
solvent is 6.0 in coloring and then water bath heating is applied for 30 minutes. Conclusion: The extraction and testing conditions are suitable for testing the amount of free amino acids in Periplaneta americana.

Application of Microdialysis-microanalysis Coupling Technique in Vivo Studies

YANG Zhi-Yong

2011, 10(12):  16-20. 

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Microdialysis sampling is an effective biological sampling technique in vivo, which has been coupled with many micronano analysis equipments for real-time，on-line analysis in vivo. In this review of 31 documents, the technical principle, combination mode, application range and limitation of microdialysis are stated and its development is predicted.

Determination of Triterpenoid in Incarvillea Mairei by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry

ZHANG Shi-Mei, YANG Yan, CHEN Ping, MA Li-Jun, DENG Yong-Ming, YANG Yue-E

2011, 10(12):  21-23. 

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Objective: To establish a method for measurement of total triterpene in Jirousheng (Incarvillea mairei) by Ultraviolet spectrophotometry (UV). Methods: Using oleanolic acid as object, and 5% vanillin-glacial acetic acid solution and perchloric acid as color-developing agent, total triterpenes was measured by spectrophotometry at 480 nm wavelength. Results: The oleanolic acid content showed a good linear relationship with absorbance (r=0.999 9) in the range of 0.04-0.24 mg/mL, and the regression equation was A =0.001 5 C+0.002 3. The average recovery was 99.37% and RSD was 1.075%(n=6), Incarvillea mairei contained 1.41% of total triterpene according to the calculation of oleanolic acid content. Conclusion: The method was simple, rapid, high sensitivity, reproducible and reliable for the quality control of Incarvillea mairei.

Hemostatic Effect of Canna Indica L.

ZHANG Lin, ZHANG Bai-E, HUANG Li, CHEN Yun, FANG Chun-Sheng

2011, 10(12):  24-26. 

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Objective: To explore the hemostatic effect of Canna indica L. Methods: Mice were randomly divided into normal
control group, Canna indica L. (low dose and high dose treatment) groups and Vitamin K group. Then, the bleeding time（BT）,clotting time （CT）and the permeability of abdominal capillary were measured respectively. Results: The treatment of Canna indica L. could significantly reduce the BT, CT and the permeability of abdominal capillary. Conclusion: The research showed that there was hemostatic effect of flower of Canna indica L..

Content Determination for Oleanolic Acid and Ursolic Acid in Loquat Leaf Extract

SU Li-Na, DONG Yan-Hong, HUANG Mao-Bo, LI Yu-Long, LI Xue-Feng

2011, 10(12):  27-29. 

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Objective: To establish a method for the measurement of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in loquat leaf extract by RPHigh Performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Methods: With the RP-HPLC method, the chromatographic column was applied Agela technologies lnc XBP-venusil C18 (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm); the mobile phase was applied methanol (0.05 mol/L) and ammonium acetate solution (88:12); the flow rate was 0.8 mL/min; and the detected wavelength was 215 nm, the column temperature was 25 °C. Results: The data showed a good linear relationship between peak area and concentration of oleanolic acid within 2.6-26
μg, r=0.999 1; and ursolic acid wintin 0.825-8.24 μg, r=0.999 5. The average recoveries were 99.53% and 99.37%, and RSD were 0.28% and 0.53%, respectively. Conclusion: The RP -HPLC method was simple, rapid, and with strong specificity and good reproducibility which can be applied in content determination for oleanolic acid and ursolic acid of Loquat leaf extract.

Determination of Total Alkaloids Content in Senecio Scandens Buch.-Ham. by Acid Dye Colorimetry

ZHANG Li-Hong, YANG Yu-Ping, CHEN Xiao-Hua, XIAO Ting-Ting, XIAO Pei-Yun

2011, 10(12):  30-31. 

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Objective: To determine the total alkaloids content in Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. Methods: Using the oxymatrine as standard, acid dye colorimetry was used to determine the total alkaloids content in S. scandens at the wavelength of 422 nm. Results:The concentration of oxymatrine showed good linearity in the range of 6.75-135 μg （r=0.999 2）, the average recovery was 100.0%（RSD=1.54%）. Conclusion: The method is simple, reliable and can be used for determination of the total alkaloids in S. scandens.

Determination of the Moisture, Ashes and Extracts from Coptis Rhizoma

ZHANG Hai-Zhu, ZHOU Nong, LI Hai-Feng

2011, 10(12):  32-34. 

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Objective: To determine the moisture, ashes, and extracts from the Coptidis rhizome for establishing the quality
standards. Methods: According to the procedures recorded in the Appendix IX H, IX K and X A of 2010 Chinese Pharmacopoeia,moisture, ashes, and extracts of samples were measured respectively. Results: The moisture of Coptidis was less than 14.00%; the total ashes was less than 5.00 %, with the acid insoluble ash content was less than（1.78±0.04）%; with hot soak method, the content of water extract was higher than（24.42±0.25）%, the content of ethanol extract was not less than 15.00%, the content of ether extract was higher than（3.39±0.08）%. Conclusion: The methods discribed above are simple, accurate and replicatable. They are suitable for moisture, ashes and extracts measurement.

Preliminary Analysis of Ectoparasitic Fleas and Sucking Lice on 440 Small Mammals in Yunnan Lianghe

YANG Zhi-Hua, WANG Qiao-Hua, DONG Wen-Ge, LIN Shang-Jin, SUN Xiao-Mei, GUO Xian-Guo

2011, 10(12):  35-43. 

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Objective: To investigate the species and distribution of ectoparasitic fleas and sucking lice on 440 small mammals in Lianghe County in Yunnan Province. Methods: Mouse traps were applied to capture small mammals. The fleas and sucking lice on the body surface of small mammals were all collected. Every individual of the fleas and sucking lice was dehydrated, and mounted on slides in the conventional way, and then identified under the microscope. The richness（S）, Shannon-Wiener diversity index（H′），evenness （J′）and dominance index （C′）were adopted to measure the community structure of fleas and sucking lice on small
mammals. The disperse coefficient （C）, clumping index （I）, cassie index （CA）and patch index （m*/m）were used to mesure the spatial patterns of the dominant fleas and sucking lice on their main corresponding hosts. Results: Total 440 small mammal hosts were captured and 263 fleas and 1 316 sucking lice from the hosts were collected. The 440 small mammals were identified as 20 species in 2 categories: Rodentia and Insectivora. The 263 fleas were identified as 10 species and 8 genera in 5 families. Ctenophthalmus
quadratus, Palaeopsylla remota, Xenopsylla cheopis and Aviostivalius klossi bispiniformis, were dominant flea species. The 1 316 sucking lice were identified as 6 species and 3 genera in 3 families. Hoplopleura pacifica, H. edentula and H. confuciana were dominant sucking lice species.The dominant species of fleas and sucking lice tend to be an aggregation pattern on the body surface of their main hosts. Conclusion: There were relatively less species and diversity of fleas and sucking lice on the body surface of the small mammals discussed in this paper. And it showed higher host specificity of most species of sucking lice compared to fleas. The dominant species of fleas and sucking lice tend to be an aggregation pattern on the body surface of their main hosts.

Protective Effect of Sihuangtang on Acute Hepatic Injury in Mice

SU Zhi-He, WEN Fei, CAI Xu, SUN Zhi-Juan, YIN Jiao, QIN Yan

2011, 10(12):  44-46. 

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Objective: To investigate the protective effect of Sihuangtang on acute hepatic injury in mice and its mechanism.
Methods: Sixty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups each with 15, normal control group, model group, Sihuangtang high-dose group (40 g/kg/d crude), and Sihuangtang low-dose group (20 g/kg/d crude). Drug administration was conducted with gastric lavage in different dose everyday for 2 weeks in two treated groups, the same volume of normal saline was applied for model group. Twenty four hours after last gastric lavage, except normal control group, all mice were fasting for 8 hours and then euthanized with intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 (0.1% 10 mL/kilogram). The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the serum, and malonaldehyde (MDA) in the liver were determined. And the pathological examination of liver tissue was observed by optical microscope. Results: The MDA level in the liver and the content of ALT in the serum of acute hepatic injury model group were significant higher than those in normal control group (P<0.05); compared with the acute hepatic injury model group, the MDA levels in the liver in Sihuangtang low-dose and high-dosage group were both evidently decreased (P<0.05); and the content of ALT in the serum of Sihuangtang low-dosage group was evidently decreased compared with the model group (P<0.05), but the content of ALT in the serum increases in Sihuangtang high-dose group compared with the model group (P<0.05). Under the optical microscope, liver cell injury of the low dose group was evidently slighter than that of the model group. Conclusion: Sihuangtang in certain concentration has protective effect on acute hepatic injury in mice.

Study of the Nitrite Scavenging Effect of Garlic Extracts on Salted Products

NING Hao, MA Zhi-Min, SHI Liang-Jing, CHEN Jing-Xian, YU Lin-Na

2011, 10(12):  47-50. 

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Objective: To study the nitrite scavenging effect of the Dali white garlic and purple garlic extracts on salted products.Methods: The content of nitrite and the clearance rate of garlic to nitrite were determined by GB hydrochloride naphthylethylenediamine method. The influence factors （extraction temperature and time, extract content, pH solutions）of nitrite clearance rate were investigated. The optimum condition was determined with orthogonal test. Results: At 60  ⁰C water bath, 35 mL dosage, pH5.0, and 20 min treatment duration, there was maximum clearance rate of purple garlic extract; and the maximum clearance rate of white garlic extract was at 80 ⁰C  water bath, 15 mL dosage, pH5.0, and 15 min treatment. With the above optimum clearance conditions, the average nitrite clearance rates of white and purple garlic extracts treatments in bacon, ham,sauerkraut,pickled pepper and pickle radish are 91.9% and 71.1% respectively. Conclusion: The nitrite scavenging effect of garlic in salted products was remarkable.

Surveys of the Influencing Factor and the Cognition of AIDs among 2010 Grade Undergraduates of Dali University

SU Yun-Peng, SHEN Yuan-Ying, ZHANG Wen, WANG Qing-Xin, WANG Yong-Heng, LI Hong-Yuan

2011, 10(12):  51-54. 

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Objective: To investigate the status quo of cognition of AIDs in 2010 grade students, and provide scientific basis on AIDs education. Methods: Questionnaires were conducted with random sample in all 2010 grade students to analyze the knowledge of AIDs. Results: About 85.5% percentage of students who were given the questionnaires knew such fundamental knowledge of AIDs as the route of transmission and protective measure. The awareness rate of basic knowledge and conceptual problem of AIDs among university students was more than 95%, but the awareness rate of non-transmission knowledge of AIDs was only 50%. The differences ranging from gender, place of birth, age, only child student, to nationality and education background are influencing factors to the cognition of AIDs, but with no statistic differences (P>0.05). Conclusion: The health education on AIDs prevention and control among 2010 grade students of Dali University is effective, however, we still have a long way to go.

Investigation of the Intestinal Ascarids Infection in Students from Two Rural and Urban Primary Schools in Dali City

HAN Lin, LEI Guo-Yan, FAN Gui-Fang, CHENG Xiao-Ou, LI Lin, XU Guo-Ping

2011, 10(12):  55-56. 

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Objective: To investigate the intestinal ascarides infection in primary school students in Dali City, and to provide the basis for effective prevention and control strategies in the future. Methods: To investigate some pupils from Wenge Primary School (rural area) and Hehua Primary School （suburbs）. Ascaris eggs were detected by normal saline smear; and the infection rate of intestinal ascarids was statistically analyzed by Chi-square test. Results: The infection rate of Wenge Primary School was 10.10%, while that of Hehua Primary School was 1.96%. The infection rate in male was 6.80% and 5.10% in female. The infection rate in students from 5 to 8 years old was 10.11%, and 2.68% in students from 9 to 11 years old. Conclusion: The infection rate of intestinal ascarids in primary school students in Dali City is lower than the national infection rate. The infection rate in rural students is slightly higher than that in urban ones. And the infection rate in male and female has no significant difference. The infection rate in students from 5 to 8 years old is higher than those from 9 to 11 years old.

Relationship between Antithrombin-III and Acute Coronary Syndrome

ZHAO Shun-Fang, YIN Xue-Yan, CUI Min, YU Bo-Cheng

2011, 10(12):  57-59. 

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Objective: To explore the relationship between antithrombin III and acute coronary syndrome （ACS）. Methods: Fiftytwo consecutive patients with ACS were enrolled in the study, 42 cases were acute myocardial infarction （AMI）, and 11 cases were unstable angina （UA）, and 60 healthy subjects were chosen as controls. The plasma level of antithrombin III was measured in all subjects. Results: The levels of antithrombin III in ACS patients group was significantly lower compared to the healthy control; and the patients with AMI showed lowest levels of antithrombin III. The levels of antithrombin III increased significantly after comprehensive treatment of ACS. Conclusion: Plasma levels of antithrombin III decreased in ACS patients. The measurement of antithrombin III could be a reflection of hypercoagulation state, and it is helpful in prognosis and treatment.

Clinical Analysis of Laparoscopic Radical Operation for Colorectal Cancer: A Report of 8 Cases

TAN Yun-Bo, LI Ke-Zhi, SHI Hong-Bo, GUAN Yun-Fei, HE Ju, HE Hong-Yang, HU Wen-Jun

2011, 10(12):  60-61. 

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Objective: To explore the feasibility of laparoscopic colorectal cancer radical operation. Methods: The clinical
documents of 8 patients who underwent laparoscopic colorectal carcinoma radical operation from June 2004 to September 2009 in the Affiliated Hospital of Dali University were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Colorectal cancer radical surgery under laparoscopy was successful in all patients without complication nor death. The average operative time was 250 min, median intraoperative bleeding was 250 mL, bowel function recover time was 48 to 96 hours, hospitalization time was 12 to 15 days. Conclusion: Laparoscopic colorectal radical surgery is safe and feasible, with small intraoperative bleeding, faster recovery and satisfied curative effect.

Surgical Treatment of Pancreatic Rupture in Closed Abdominal Trauma

ZHANG Yu-Hua, BAO Ying-Sheng, HE Ying

2011, 10(12):  62-64. 

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Objective: To explore the experience in surgical treatment of closed abdominal traumatic pancreatic rupture. Methods: The clinical data of 8 traumatic pancreatic rupture cases were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The types of surgical procedure for 8 cases included 2 cases of pancreaticoduodenectomy, 5 cases of proximal pancreatic close plus distal Roux-en-Ypancreaticojejunostomy, 1 case of distal pancreatectomy. All patients were successful cured. Conclusion: Surgical treatment is important for closed abdominal traumatic pancreatic rupture. The surgical management should be individualized depending on the site of the injury.

Effect Observation of Xiaopisanjietang on the Treatment of Hyperplasia of Mammary Glands with Liver Depression and Spleen Deficiency Syndrome

XU Shu-Huai

2011, 10(12):  65-66. 

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Objective: To evaluate the effect of Xiaopisanjietang on hyperplasia of mammary glands with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome. Method: Sixty-nine patients were randomly divided into two groups, 35 patients in treated group were treated with the writer's prescript Xiaopisanjietang and the 34 patients in control group were treated with Rukang tablets. Result: The total effective rate of the treated group （97.1%）was significantly higher compared to the total effective rate in control group （64.70%）,（P<0.01）. Conclusion: Treating hyperplasia of mammary glands with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome by adopting Xiaopisanjietang is quite effective and with no apparent side effect. It is worthy of being popularized.

Clinical Observation of Hydroxyethyl Starch Preload Undergoing Combined Spinal

SUN Dong-Yan, JIANG Xue-Li

2011, 10(12):  67-69. 

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Objective: To observe the clinical effects of hydroxyethyl starch preload undergoing combined spinal epidural anesthesia （CSEA）for cesarean section. Methods: Sixty cases of CSEA, scheduled for elective cesarean section, were randomly divided into two groups. The hydroxyethyl starch preload（HES）group（n=30）was given 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 sodium chloride injection 500 mL  pre-expansion. The sodium lactate ringer's injection（LR）group（n=30）was given lactated ringer's injection 500 mL preexpansion.
The hypotension after anesthesia, nausea and vomiting and the amount of ephedrine and intraoperative fluid as well in two groups were recorded. Results: The incidence rates of hypotension after anesthesia, as well as the nausea and vomiting, the amount of ephedrine and the amount of intraoperative fluid in HES group were statistically lower than that in the LR group, respectively. Conclusion: Hydroxyethyl starch preload could better maintain the hemodynamic stability during the cesarean section than sodium lactate ringer, and it could safeguard the safety of maternal and fetal.

Anesthesia for Gastroscopy and Colonoscopy in Elderly High-risk Patients: A Report of 456 Cases

XIONG Jun-Guang, WANG Yu-Bo, TANG Ling-Ling, CHEN Shao-Qing

2011, 10(12):  70-72. 

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Objective: To investigate the influence of anesthesia for gastroscopy and colonoscopy in elderly high-risk patients.Methods: After operative risk assessment based on the preoperative safety assessment system, 456 cases of the aged high -risk patients were conducted to gastroscopy or colonoscopy examination with the intravenous anesthesia. During the procedure, the heart rates and rhythm, blood pressure, respiratory conditon, and oxygen saturation were monitored. Results: In the anesthetized state, all 456 cases of examination were all successfully completed. However, the oxygen saturation was dropped in fifty-four cases, and respiratory inhibition was obeserved in one case. Conclusion: The anesthesia for gastroscopy and colonoscopy in erderly high-risk
patients are safe under the safety monitoring system, and worthy of being popularized.

Middle and Inferior Meatus Combined Fenestration Operation under Nasal Endoscopic in Treatment of Fungal Ball Maxillary Sinusitis: A 90 Cases Report

HE Yong-Gang

2011, 10(12):  73-74. 

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Objective: To explore a minimally invasive and thorough surgery method of fungal maxillary sinusitis. Methods: Nighty cases of patients with fungal ball maxillary sinusitis were treated with middle and inferior meatus combined fenestration operation under nasal endoscopic. Results: All 90 operations were successful, and symptoms disappeared after the surgery. There was no recurrence in 6 months to 2 years follow up. Conclusion: The surgical path recommended here was less trauma, simple, effective, and no recurrence in treatment of fungal maxillary sinusitis.

Application of Clinical Nursing Pathway in Perioperative Care of Patients with Penetrating Eye Injuries

ZHANG Yi-Wen

2011, 10(12):  75-78. 

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Objective: To explore the effect of clinical nursing pathway in penetrating eye injury patients in perioperative care.
Methods: One hundred and twenty-eight patients with penetrating eye injuries were randomly divided into observed group and control group, each with 64 cases. Patients in the control group werer cared with conventional health education mode, which means that the staff nurse completed the education of the complete knowledge of disease, treatment and care, as well as of the prevention of complications, dietary guidance, knowledge of drugs, methods of self-care, and rehabilitation in a 1-5 days after admission. In the
observed group, patients would be cared under clinical pathway plan, nurses would give whole, individualized, targeted, appropriate health education and make a record according to the actual individual situation. The levels of anxiety and depression, the knowledges of the disease and the satisfactory degrees of patients were observed in two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the anxiety and depression degrees in the observed group were significantly lightened, and the health knowledge and care satisfactory degree were obviously improved. Conclusion: The clinical pathway with whole, individual, targeted and appropriate education for
patients could improve patients' understanding of the disease through communication, and could eliminate or reduce patients' anxiety and fear, as well as enhance the patients' sense of security and trust. The application of clinical care pathway could improve the quality of medical care in promoting the nurse-patient relationship and satisfaction with professional health care.

EBN in the Prevention of the Application of Deep Vein Thrombosis after Severe Burns

LI Wei-Xin, WANG Wen-Chun

2011, 10(12):  79-81. 

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Objective: To explore the best care method to prevent the deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs of the severe burned patients. Methods: The evidence based nursing was used to solve the problem of how to care and prevent the deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs of severe burned patients. Results：72 cases of patients who had suffered severe burn were detected. And their complication's morbidity of deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs was obviously descended. Conclusion： Using evidence based nursing to care the patients who had suffered severe burn and had the risk of developing the deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs could urge the nurses to find the more scientific way of nursing, and the nursing quality and the patient satisfaction could be increased, this also reflected the idea of holistic nursing concept which was patient-centered.

Detection Rate and Drug Resistance Analysis of Non-fermenting Bacteria in ICU

GUAN Hai-Ning, ZHANG Qun-Zhi

2011, 10(12):  82-84. 

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Objective: To evaluate the detection rate and antimicrobial resistance of non-fermenters in ICU. Methods: The bacteria were identified by VITEK-32, and the antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done according to disc agar diffusion methods. Results: In 560 ICU specimens, there were 335 strains of hospital infection separated strains. Among them, 181 strains of non-fermentative bacteria were detected. The non-zymophyte's positive detection rate was 32.32%, pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacterium (65 strains, 19.40%), the next was acinetobacter baumannii (53 strains,15.82%), pseudomonas cepacia (31 strains, 9.25%) and stenotrophomonas maltophilia (28 strains, 8.36%). The most common specimen source was sputum, venous duct, venous blood,
hydrothorax and ascites. P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, P. cepacia and S. maltophilia showed high antimicrobial resistance. Conclusion: The detection rate of non-fermenters was high in the nosocomial infection of ICU patients with high antimicrobial resistance, the drugs should be chosen according to the results of the antimicrobial susceptibility test.

Analysis of Special X-ray Sign in Pleural Effusion of Chronic Kidney Disease

ZHAO De-Rong, LI Gang-Ze

2011, 10(12):  85-87. 

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Objective: To analyze the special radiographic findings of chronic nephropathy pleural effusion, and improve the
knowledge of the characteristics of pathological pleural effusion. Methods: X-ray films from four patients with chronic nephropathy including nephrotic syndrome, renal failure, lupus nephritis and other, which were complicated with pleural effusion in different positions, were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Three cases showed effusion at right anterior of inferior mediastinum; 1 case showed right subpulmonic effusion and uncommon left posterior mediastinum effusion; 1 cases showed simple left subpulmonic effusion; and 2
cases showed right lobe of interstitial fluid accumulation, 2 cases showed small quantity of bilateral free fluid. Conclusion: There were some certain characteristics of chronic kidney disease complicated with pleural effusion, in addition to the free fluid and leaf interstitial fluid accumulation, the rare subpulmonic effusion, anterior inferior mediastinum effusion and more uncommon posterior mediastinal effusion should be taken into consideration.

Analysis of Infection and Drug Sensitivity of Chlamydia and Mycoplasma on NGU Female

FENG Xiao-Zuo, LU Shuang-Qiu

2011, 10(12):  88-89. 

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Objective: To explore the infection of Chlamydia trachomatis （Ct）, Ureaplasma urealyticum （Uu）and Mycoplasma hominis （Mh）on NGU female patients in Dehong Teaching Hospital, and to guide a rational use of the drug. Methods: Dectection and drug sensitive test on Chlamydia were performer on samples from 650 NGU patients according to the reagent protocol. Results: The total positive rate was 41.4% （269/650）, among this, Uu positive rate was 33.2% （216/650）, Mh positive rate was 0.8%（5/650）, Ct positive rate was 3.8%（25/650）, Uu+Mh positive rate was 1.7%（11/650）, Uu+Ct was 1.4%（9/650）, Mh+Ct positive rate
was 0.3%（2/650）, Uu+Mh+Ct positive rate was 0.2%（1/650）. Conclusion: Mycoplasma and Chlamydia are the main pathogens of NGU patients, in which the Uu is of the highest infection rate and drug resistance. This should be paid more attention in clinic. The reinforcement of Mycoplasma and Chlamydia dectection is important in diagnosis and treatment of the NGU female patients.

Rapid Detection of Rotavirus Antigens in Fece Samples of Diarrhea Children

YANG Shu-Yuan

2011, 10(12):  90-91. 

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Objective: To explore the clinical value of rotavirus antigens detection in fece sample of diarrhea children. Methods: Total 561 feces specimens from 561 diarrhea children were collected and performed rotavirus test by means of monoclonal antibody and gold immunochromatographic assay （GICA）. Results: The rotavirus detection of fece sample is a sensitive method to diagnose enteritis. Conclusion: The detection of rotavirus antigens provides the basis for clinical diagnosis of diarrhea children.

Employment Survey and Analysis of Pharmacy and Chemistry Graduates in Dali University

PENG Fang, ZHANG Ming, HE Jian-Ying, LIU Ying-Lin, GAN Ping, LI Jiao

2011, 10(12):  93-96. 

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Basing on an employment questionnaire for pharmacy and chemistry students graduated in 2011 from Dali University, the paper analyzes the status quo and present problems of graduates' employment, leads students to a more scientific application intention, and proposes some practical suggestions for local universities and colleges to realize a full employment.

Isolation and Identification of Bacteriophages Specific to Intestinal Pathogen in the Water of Downstream of Erhai Lake

LI Jie, YU Ze-Ying, ZHAO Zong-Mei, YAN Yi-Jun, MA Zhi-Gang, LIU Qi

2011, 10(12):  97-98. 

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Objective: To investigate the distribution of intestinal bacteria in the downstream of Erhai Lake by isolation and
identification phage of intestinal bacteria. Methods: Plaque method was applied to isolate and identify bacteriophages specific to intestinal pathogens in the water of Erhai Lake. Results: Bacteriophages specific to dysentery bacillus, typhoid bacillus, paratyphoid B bacteria, E. coli were successfully isolated. Conclusion: The downstream water of Erhai Lake was contaminated by dysentery bacillus, typhoid bacillus, paratyphoid B bacteria and E. coli. This suggested that it is necessary to further strengthen the management of surrounding living sewage discharge in Dali City.

Arsenic Detection and Analysis in Cosmetics Commonly Used among College Students

LIAO Qian-Qian, JIANG Zhi-Qin, CHEN Yi-Rong, HE Zhi-Man, SONG Zheng-rui

2011, 10(12):  99-100. 

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Objective: To investigate arsenic content in various types of cosmetics which were commonly used by college students. Methods: New silver salt method was applied to detect the arsenic content in four different types of cosmetic samples, the results were evaluated under the standard of not more than 10 mg/kg arsenic in cosmetics based on 2007 edition of "Hygienic Standard for Cosmetics". Results: The content of arsenic is between 0.186 1-4.045 3 mg/kg in four types of cosmetics （sunscreen, moisturizer, powdery bottom and cream）, the content order was moisturizer, sunscreen, powdery bottom, and face cream. Conclusion: The arsenic content in cosmetic samples were under national standards.