Table of Content

15 June 2019, Volume 4 Issue 6

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TheApplicationofQuasi-NewtonMethodinSolvingtheUnconstrainedMultidimensional FunctionExtremum

CaoBangxing

2019, 4(6):  1-4. 

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Duetotheadvantagesofthequadraticconvergencerateandfastconvergencespeed,theBasicNewtonandModified Newtonmethodsareoftenusedtosolvetheoptimizationproblemsaccurately;however,thedisadvantagesarealsodemonstrable.Asit issimilartotheinversematrixreplacingHessianMatrixwithHesseMatrix,theQuasi-Newtonmethodproposedinthispaperis adopted to reduce the computational complexity; in the mean time, an objective function can be established by the changes in measuringthegradientineachiterationtoensurethesuperlinearconvergences,whichcontributestofreedomfromtheendlessloop. Afteralgorithmstepsarecomprehensivelyanalyzed,theclassicaltestfunctionisusedtotesttheapproximationeffectofQuasi-Newton methodinsolvingtheextremumofunconstrainedmultidimensionalfunction.

ResearchonanImprovedAdaboost-BPAlgorithminHandwrittenDigitRecognition

YeXiaobo1,QinHaifei2,LyuYonglin3

2019, 4(6):  5-9. 

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Inordertoimprovetherecognitionrateofhandwrittendigitsbyneuralnetwork,theAdaboost-BPbinaryclassification algorithmisimprovedbasedontheideaofAdaboost,andtheAdaboost-BPalgorithmformulti-classificationisrealized,which improvestherecognitionrateofhandwrittendigitsbyneuralnetwork.Inthispaper,thecalculationformulaoftheweightvalueofthe "weak"classifierisimproved.Thestepofnormalizingtheweightvalueisputaftertheiterativetrainingofthe"weak"classifier,and thecompositionofthe"strong"classifieriscalculatedwithoutusingthesymbolfunctionbutdirectlycomputestheclassification results.TheexperimentaldataisbasedonMNISThandwrittendatabase.Theexperimentalresultsshowthatthecorrectrateofthe "strong"classifierconstructedbytheimprovedAdaboost-BPalgorithmisobviouslyhigherthanthatofthe"weak"classifier.The improvedAdaboost-BPalgorithmcanobviouslyimprovetheaccuracyofhandwrittendigitrecognition.

StudyontheClassificationofLAMOSTStellarSpectraBasedonDeepBeliefNetwork

ZhangJingmin1,XuTingting1,DuLiting1,ZhouWeihong1,2*

2019, 4(6):  10-14. 

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Stellarspectralclassificationisanimportantmethodofspectralanalysis,anditisanimportantpartofcelestialdata mining.Inaccordancewiththeselectedspectraldataof33000F,GandKtypestarsfromLAMOST（theLargeSkyAreaMulti-Object FiberSpectroscopicTelescope）DataRelease5（DR5）,amethodbasedonthedeepbeliefnetworkforclassificationwasadopted.The deepbeliefnetworkmodelisestablishedbyhierarchicalfeaturelearningofstellarspectraldataduringtraining,andfinally,thestellar spectralclassificationtestofthismodelshowsthattheclassificationaccuracyofthethreestarsF,GandKare0.93,0.90and0.98 respectively,whichverifiesthecorrectnessofthemodelanditshighclassificationaccuracyrateandisofgreatsignificanceforthe processingofmassivecelestialspectraldata.

AQuickGraspofResearchContextandHotIssuesinAResearchFieldbytheSoftwareofCiteSpace: ACaseStudyofLiteratureonTouristBehavior

YangPiren,WangJianqin

2019, 4(6):  15-23. 

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BasedonCiteSpacesoftware,thispapervisualizestheexistingliteratureontouristbehaviorresearch.Throughthestrength ofconnectionpointandtheemergenceandclusteringofhotwords,theresearchstatusoftouristbehaviorindomesticacademiais analyzedandthehotspotsareclassifiedandcommentedupon.ItisfoundthatCiteSpacesoftwareisscientificandreasonablein literaturevisualizationanalysis.Researcherscanusethissoftwaretoquicklygrasptheresearchhistoryandcurrentresearchhotspots inacertainfield,anditisagoodassistantinaccuratelypredictingfutureresearchtrends.

FormativeAppraisementofProgramingBasedonSkillTraining

ZhaoYuqin

2019, 4(6):  22-26. 

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Formative appraisement is a teaching evaluation method which emphasizes students' learning process and evaluation feedback.Undertheteachingmodeof"MOOC+SPOC+Task",andcombiningthecharacteristicsofprogrammingcourse,aformative evaluationschemeisdesigned.TakingtheCprogrammingasapracticalcourse,focusingonstudent-centerednessandaimingatskill training,theformativeappraisementisintegratedintotheevaluationofstudents'programmingskills.Throughpractice,theschemehas beenapprovedbystudentsandprovidedabasisforteacherstoimproveteachingquality.

ExperimentalInvestigationoftheDampingMechanismofHydrophobicSilicaParticles

ZhouChi,LiXiaoli,WangMingde

2019, 4(6):  27-33. 

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Hydrophoicsilicagelisashockenergyabsorptionbuffermediumconsistingofwaterandhydrophobicsilicaparticles covered with micro-pores. It is sealed in a compressible hydraulic cylinder to form a colloidal damping buffer. During impact processes,ittakesadvantagesofwatergettinginandextrudingthehydrophobicporesofsilicaparticlestorealizeenergystorage, conversionanddissipation.BasedonLaplace-Washburnequationandthecontactanglehysteresismodel,theprocessofwatergetting inandextrudinghydrophobicmicro-poreswasstudied.Quasi-statictestswereusedtoverifythismechanicalmodel,andaccordingto experimentalresults,theenergydissipationperformanceisanalyzed.Theresultshowsthatthehydrophobicsilicagelexhibitsalarge hysteresisloopduringtheworkingprocessanditcanbeusedasanidealenergyabsorbingmaterial.

SimulationofABSPerformanceofAutomotiveFrontWheelMagnetorheologicalBrake

YangKunquan

2019, 4(6):  32-38. 

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InordertoverifytheABSbrakingeffectofthefrontwheelMRbrake,adynamicmodelofthefrontwheelMRbrakeis established,andafuzzyslidingmodevariablestructurecontrollerofthefrontwheelMRbrakeisdesigned.ThesoftwareofSimulinkis usedtomodelandsimulatetheABSbrakebasedonMReffect,andthesimulationcurvesofsliprate,speed-wheelspeed,braking momentandbrakingdistanceareobtained.Theresultsshowthatthefuzzyslidingmodevariablestructurecontrollercombinesthe fuzzycontrolandslidingmodevariablestructurecontroleffectively,restrainsthechatteringofthesystem,acceleratesthespeedofthe systemapproachingtheslidingsurface,andbetterrealizestherequirementsofABSbraking.

DetectionandAnalysisofHarmfulMaterialsinPartofCommercialTablewareDetergent

SongZhengrui,HuWendie,ZhangLei

2019, 4(6):  39-41. 

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Objective:TounderstandthepHvaluesandcontentsofformaldehyde,Pb,CdandMninsomecommerciallyavailable detergent. Methods: Thecontentsofformaldehyde,Pb,CdandMnandpHvaluesinthedetergentweredetectedbyUV-visible spectrophotometry,pHmetermethodandflameatomicspectrophotometry. Results:Formaldehydewasdetectedin26samples（bulk samples and hardcover samples）with a detection range of 0.004-0.076 mg/g. The differences of formaldehyde contents were statisticallysignificant（ t=2.745, P=0.018<0.05）.Pbwasdetectedinneitherbulksamplesnorhardcovers,Cdwasdetectedin13 samples（5bulksamplesand8hardcoversamples）,andMnwasdetectedin2bulks.ThepHofthesamplesweredetectedwitha rangeof5.7to10.5. Conclusion: ThepHvaluesandthecontentsofformaldehyde,Pb,CdandMninthe 26sampleswerein accordancewiththenationalstandard.However,thereweredifferentcontentsindifferentpackages.Therefore,consumersshould syntheticallyconsiderwhentheypurchasedetergents.

ThinkingontheNormalizationandProficiencyofBasicOperationsofChemicalExperiments

LiYuehua,ZhaoXia,YanYa,LanHai,GuoJie,YangZhiyi*

2019, 4(6):  42-44. 

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Standardized and proficient mastery of the basic operations of chemical experiments is an important basic skill for chemistrymajors;throughtheanalysisoftheteachingeffectsofcurrentchemistryexperimentcourses,combinedwiththerequirements of curriculum syllabus, the characteristics of courses, and the feasibility of methods, some experimental teaching process and experimentaloperationassessmentmethodshavebeenreformedandinnovated,whichhasreceivedsatisfactoryresults.

TwoNewSpeciesoftheGenusMacrotheleinSouthwestChina（Araneae: Mygalomorphae:Macrothelidae）

YangZhibin,ZhaoYu,YangZizhong

2019, 4(6):  45-47. 

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Twonewspeciesofthefunnel-webspidergenus Macrothele Ausserer,1871arefoundinSouthwestChina,whichare describedunderthenames: Macrothele yongshengensis sp.nov.and M. yunlingensis sp.nov.Themorphologicalfeaturesoftwonew speciesaredescribed,andprovidedwithcoloredchartsofclassificationfeatures.TypespecimensaredepositedintheInstituteof EntomoceuticsResearch,DaliUniversity（DUIER）.Allmeasurementsareinmillimetresinthispaper.

DifferenceResearchonDifferentSamplingMethodsofColeopterainLashaMountain,Yunnan

ZhangGuanqin,XuJishan,LiYanpeng,LiuShuoran,XiaoWen,HuangZhipang*

2019, 4(6):  48-52. 

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Tosupportthediversitysurveyandlong-termecologicalmonitoringofColeopterathroughinvestigatingthecomprehensive andsystematicimpactofdifferentcollectionmethodsonColeopterainsects,thisstudycarriedoutinsectmonitoringintheLasha MountainareaofYunlingProvincialNatureReserveinLanpingCounty,NujiangPrefecture.From2500mto3700mabovesealevel, asampleplotwassetevery200mataltitude,and7sampleplotsweresetintotal.Threesamplingmethods（pitfalltraps,Malaisetraps andsweepingmethod）wereusedsimultaneouslytocollectColeoptera.CollectedColeopterainsectswereclassifiedandidentified accordingtotheirfamilies,andthenumbersanddifferencesoftheinsectscollectedbythethreemethodswerecomparedandanalyzed. Theresultsshowedthatthedominantgroupandtheuniquegroupcollectedbydifferentmethodsweregreatlydifferent.Atotalof667 insectswerecollected,belongingto26families;amongthem,13familieswerecollectedthroughtheMalaisetraps,15familieswere collectedthroughpitfalltrapsandthesweepingmethod,andonly4commonfamilieswerecollected.Inordertocarryoutregional diversityresearchmorecomprehensivelyandsystematically,itisrecommendedthatacomprehensiveuseofColeopterandiversity surveysandlong-termecologicalmonitoringbeusedinthefuture.

BehavioralResponsesofRhinopithecusbietitoDifferentHumanDisturbanceatMt.Longmashan,Yunnan

GaoYing,YangShuguo,CuiLiangwei,WangHaohan,XiaoWen,HuangZhipang

2019, 4(6):  53-57. 

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Inordertounderstandtheeffectsofdifferenttypesofhumaninterferenceonthehabitatsofblackandwhitesnub-nosed monkeysandtoprovideamorescientificbasisforfuturehabitatassessment,fieldobservationsandplotvegetationsamplingwere conductedtostudytheevasivedistancesoftheblack-and-whitenosemonkeygroupinMt.Longmashan（26.23°N,99.25°E,elevation 2500to3600m）againstthethreetypesofdisturbances,i.e.miningarea,pastureandfarmland,fromJanuary2008toMarch2009. ResultsshowedthattheLongmashangrouphaddifferentresponsedistancestothethreedifferenttypesofhumandisturbedpatches （obsoleteminingarea:3m,pasture:15m,andfarmland:180m）.Therefore,thisstudysuggeststhatfieldsurveysshouldfindoutthe keyinterferencefactors,analyzeandaccuratelyevaluatetheresponsedistanceofanimalstodifferentinterferencetypes,andset suitablebuffervaluesfordifferentinterferencetypes,whichwillmaketheresultsmoreconsistentwiththerealsituationinhabitat evaluationprocessingofanimals.

PreliminaryResearchonMammalDiversityatJinguangsiProvincialNatureReserve,Yongping,Dali

HanJinbiao1,FangYihao1,2,FeiHanlan2,LiYanpeng2,HuangZhipang2*

2019, 4(6):  58-67. 

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FiledsurveysonmammaldiversitywereconductedbycommunityinterviewsandlinetransectatJinguangsiprovincial naturereserve（Yongping,Dali）inNovember2014andAugust2015.Combinedwithrelativeliterature,thisstudyconcludesthatthere are122mammalspeciesfrom27familiesand9ordersinthenaturereserve.Amongmammals, Macaca assamensis,Neofelis nebulosa andPanthera pardusarelistedasnationalfirst-classkeyprotectedspecies,and18otherspeciesarelistedasnationalsecond-class protectedwildanimals.10speciesarealsolistedinAppendixIand12otherspeciesareinAppendixIIofCITES.Themammalspecies mainlybelongtoOrientalrealm（76.2%）.Asforthedistributionpattern,thespeciesarecomposedofOrientalpattern（41.8%）and SouthChinapattern（22.1%）.Thereisagroupof Cervus unicolor with20-30individualsinthereserve.Thisstudycanprovide baselinedataonlargeandmid-sizedmammalsforbetterprotectingandmanagingwildlife.

ImageAnlysisontheCytoskeletonSystemofL929

LiSijing,YangMao

2019, 4(6):  68-71. 

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Whilemaintainingcellmorphology,thecytoskeletonsystemalsoassistscellmetabolism,proliferation,migration,and differentiation.ThisstudyusestheImageprocessingandextractionsoftwareZEN,ImageJ,andstatisticalanalysissoftwareSPSSto preprocesstheimmunocytofluorescentstainingimageoffocaladhesionsandmicrofilamentsofL929,andextracteffectivepartsof imagesandprocessdata.Theexperimentalresultsshowthatthenumberoffocaladhesionhasasignificantcorrelationwithboththe cellareaandthetotallengthofmicrofilament.

StudyontheLarge-ScaleMolecularConcertedMotionsandFunctionofCysteineProtease TsCL-1fromCysticercusCellulose

YangLin,ZhuYuexun,ZhaoQinping,YangLiquan

2019, 4(6):  72-76. 

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Objective: The relationship between the molecular dynamics behaviors of TsCL-1 and its catalytic properties was elucidatedbyanalyzingtheeffectsofthelarge-scalemolecularconcertedmotionsandfunctionofcysteineproteaseTsCL-1secreted fromCysticercuscellulose.Methods:TheEssentialDynamicAnalysiswasperformedtorevealthelargeconcertedmotionsofTsCL-1, andtofindouttherelationshipbetweenthemolecularmovementandthecatalyticfunctionoftheenzyme. Results:Themajormotion modesofTsCL-1wereconcerteddisplacementsofsubstrate-bindingregionsandofregionsnearthesubstrate-bindingsites,which resultedinchangesinshapeandsizeofsubstratepocketsand,asthus,wererelatedtosubstratebinding,orientation,catalysis,and productrelease. Conclusion: ThemajormotionmodesofTsCL-1arenotonlyrelatedtosubstratebinding,location,andcatalytic reactionofTsCL-1,butarealsobeneficialtothecatalyticfunction.

ResearchontheInheritanceMechanismofTraditionalEthnicSportsinYunnanProvinceunderthe BackgroundofNationalUnityandProgressDemonstrationAreaConstruction

ShiHongqiang,LiWen

2019, 4(6):  77-80. 

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TherearemanytypesofculturalinheritancemechanismsofethnicminoritiesinYunnanProvince.Withthedevelopment of society and cultural changes, some new social inheritance mechanisms adapted to modern society have gradually formed and presentednewcharacteristicsofthetimes.Inresponsetothe"transmutation"ofethnicculturalheritage,thetraditionalsportsofethnic minoritiesneedtograspthenationalpolicy,activelyadjustandinnovatethesocialinheritancemechanismsonthebasisofattaching importancetothetraditionalinheritancepath,andtakeeducational,communal,smartandproductivesocialinheritancemodesas majorwaystoachievesimultaneouspromotionoftheconstructionofnationalunityandprogressdemonstrationarea.

AnEmpiricalResearchonConstructionofIndexSystemforSuitabilityEvaluationBased onSportsTourism

ZhaoTijin,WangShichao

2019, 4(6):  81-88. 

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Fromtheperspectiveofsportstourismsuitabilityandconsideringtheconditionsoftheresource,environment,locationand regionaldevelopment,climatesuitability,asportstourismsuitabilityevaluationindexsystemwasconstructed.Theanalytichierarchy process（AHP）wasusedincalculationandanalysis.Also,thefirst-handsurveydataofsportstourisminDaliwasevaluatedand analyzed.Resultsshowedthat SI=4.1100,whichindicatedthatDaliis"verysuitable"todevelopsportstourismaccordingtothe evaluationstandard.Theresultsoffourcomprehensivefactorevaluationofrulelayershowedthatthevaluewas4.2441,4.1353,4.3669, indexing"verysuitable",andtheclimatesuitabilityconditionsevaluationscorewas3.5582,indexing"suitable".

Studyon"DanceonTrayandDrum"inHanDynasty

DuLe

2019, 4(6):  89-94. 

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Throughtheinspectionandresearchon"DanceonTrayandDrum"andtheculturalbackgroundofitsemergence,we couldontheonehandseekthehistoricalreasonfortheformationofitslanguageandaesthetics,itsculturalconnotationandspiritof thetime,andontheotherhandexplorethehumanityenvironmentandevolutionaryfoundationderivedfromthedance.Thus,abase couldbeestablishedfortheactionlanguageandculturaltraditionthatcanbeborrowedforthecontemporaryre-emergenceofancient danceart.

PracticeofImmersiveLearningBasedonVRTechnologyinPhysicalEducation: TakingTaekwondoCoursesasanExample

SunHuafei

2019, 4(6):  95-100. 

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The application of VR technology in the field of education is a leap in the development of educational technology. ImmersivelearningbasedonVRtechnologybringsmorescientificandefficientlearningexperienceforlearners.Afterstudyingthe effectivenessofVR-basedimmersivelearninginsolvingtheproblemsofphysicaleducationinpractice,itisfoundthatVRtechnology virtualizesrealscenes,andstudentsinteractwiththevirtualenvironmentstoformcorrectknowledgeandskillmodelsinthebrain, whichcanhelpstudentsmastermotorskills,overcomepsychologicalbarriers,andformself-learninghabits.Inaddition,theresearch alsoputforwardsuggestionsforthedevelopmentofVRtechnologyinthefieldofeducation,aimingtoacceleratethepopularizationand developmentofVRtechnologyinthefieldofgrassrootseducationinChina.