Table of Content

15 February 2016, Volume 15 Issue 2

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Research on Antioxidant Activity of 29 Herbal Medicines from West Yunnan

Zhang Xiaodong, Shen Yi, Liu Ziqi, Xu Wei, Shan Hua, Jiang Bei

2016, 15(2):  1-4. 

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Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant activity of 29 herbal medicines from West Yunnan. Methods: The 29 medicinal
plants were extracted with 75% ethanol and water successively. DPPH assay were used to measure the antioxidant activity in vitro, and
the results were expressed as IC50 values. Results: Nine plants, including Laggera pterodonta, Gaultheria leucocarpa, Geranium
refractum, Anaphalis bulleyana, Tripterygium hypoglaucum, Campylotropis hirtella, Osbeckia opipara, Tithonia diversifolia, and
Scutellaria amoena, had strong antioxidant activity. Among them, the ethanol extract of the underground part of G. refractum showed
significant activity with an IC50 value（4.1±0.1）μg/mL which was better than the IC50 value of positive control-vitamin C. Conclusion:
Nine plants had antioxidant activity and revealed the potential for further study and development with medicinal purpose.

Study on the Quality Standards of Shenglingbaizhu Granule

Shao Weizai, Duan Zhishang, Wan Desheng, Liu Bici, Que Yuling

2016, 15(2):  5-9. 

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Objective: To develop a method for revising and improving the quality standards of Shenlingbaizhu Granule. Methods:
Glycyrrhiza, ginseng and atractylodes were identified by Thin- layer chromatography（TLC）method, Ginsenoside Rg1 and Re in
ginseng were quantitatively analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）methed. Results: HPLC assay results
showed good linear relationships of range 0.353~1.764 μg（r=0.999 8）for Rg1 and range 0.244~1.22 μg（r=0.999 9）for Re,
respectively. The average recoveries（n=6）was 98.61%（RSD:1.82%）for Rg1 and 97.41%（RSD:1.02%）for Re. Conclusion: The
established method has good reproducibility and specificity, which could be used as the quality control strandard of Shenlingbaizhu
Granule.

Determination of the Trace Elements in Chestnut-Shell by Microwave Digestion ICP-MS

Su Lina, Yang Benshou, Pu Yaqing

2016, 15(2):  10-14. 

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A microwave digestion ICP- MS method was proposed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 13 trace
elements（43Ca, 24Mg, 66Zn, 56Fe, 63Cu, 55Mn, 75As, 72Ge, 201Hg, 208Pb, 52Cr, 72Ge and 95Mo）in the chestnut-shell produced at 11 different
places in Yunnan. The linear range of the calibration curve was 0-0.2 μg/mL with good correlation coefficient（r≥0.999 3）. The
detection limit was in the range of 0.12-48.5 ng/L. The quantitation limit was in the range of 3.18×10-5 -1.35×10-2 μg/g. Recoveries of
the elements from the chestnut-shell were in the range of 88.9%-107.5%, and the RSD was less than 6.0%. The results showed that
the highest contents were 43Ca and 24Mg, and the contents of other trace elements were in the order of 55Mn, 56Fe, 66Zn, 63Cu, 52Cr, 72Ge
and 95Mo. The contents of heavy metals in chestnut shell were different in different places. The contents of 75As and 208Pb from 11
different habitats were in accordance with the standard, and the contents of 111Cd and 201Hg at some habitats were not conformed to the
standards. The method is fast, accurate, reliable, with high sensitivity and multi elements analysis, which could be applied for the
determination of trace elements in chestnut shell.

Effect of Polysaccharide from Folium Artemisiae Argyi on Immune Function in Mice

Luo Xuan, Hu Changmeng, Shen Yuanjuan, Zhang Shaofei, Luo Qiulin, Deng Duwe

2016, 15(2):  15-18. 

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Objective：To research the effect and mechanism of polysaccharide from Folium Artemisiae Argyi Folium on immune
function in mice. Methods: Mice were random divided into low dose, high dose and control group; 2 doses of polysaccharide of Folium
Artemisiae Argyi and control medicine were administered orally to mice for 10 consecutive days. Then, the mice were executed, the
weight of body, spleen and thymus, as well as the spleen and thymus index were measured. The phagocytosis of mice peritoneal
macrophage was tested on Candida albicans. The change of cell- mediate immunity in the mice was determinated by splenic T
lymphocyte proliferation assay. The serum level of immunoglobulin in the mice was detected by ELISA. Results: The polysaccharide
from Folium Artemisiae Argyi increased the weight of immune organs, strengthened the phagocytosis of macrophage, the ability of B
cell to produce antibodies and the proliferative ability of splenic T lymphocytes in mice. Conclusion: The polysaccharide from Folium
Artemisiae Argyi could regulate mice immune function by increasing non-specific immune, cellular immunity and humoral immunity.

Effect of Different Standing Time of Mouse Docking Sperm in ICSI on Mouse Embryonic Development

Yu Chenghe, Zhang Ruopeng, Wu Rui, Zhang Lirong, Zhu Li, Dong Jinyu, Li Juan

2016, 15(2):  19-22. 

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Objective: To evaluate the effect of different standing time of mouse docking sperm in intracytoplasmic sperm injection
（ICSI）on embryo development potential. Methods: Ten groups were divided by docking sperm standing time（0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
12, 24 h）. The rates of pronucleus formation, 2-cell formation, 4-cell formation, morulation and blastocysts formation were compared
between each experimental group and the control group. Results: The pronucleus formation rate（68.4% vs. 82.5%）, and the 2-cells
formation rate（83.3% vs. 96.0%）were significantly lower in the standing 6 h group than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The 4-
cells formation rate（59.8% vs. 79.8%）was significantly lower in the standing 4 h group than that in the control group（P<0.05）.
Morulation rate（47.9% vs. 67.7%）was significantly lower in the groups with standing 2 h group than that in the control group（P<
0.05）. The average blastocyst formation rate（38.9% vs. 53.5%）was significantly lower in all standing groups than that in the control
group（P<0.05）. The Blastocyst formation rate dropped significantly as the standing time extension. No blastocyst was observed when
standing time longer than 3 h. Conclusion: Delay of mouse docking sperm ICSI reduced the development potential of mouse embryo.

Relashionship between HPV Infection and Cervical Lesions and Associated Risk Factors in Dali

Wu Yingying, Ding Yueming, Bi Lei, Tian Linbo, Wang Min, Pan Yun

2016, 15(2):  23-26. 

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Objective: To explore the relationship between Dali women with cervical human papillomavirus（HPV）infection and
disease subtypes and epidemiological characteristics of the cervix. Methods: Samples of the obstetrics and gynecology outpatients from
July 2011 to September 2014 at the Affiliated Hospital of Dali University were collected. 2 053 cases with an average age of 39.46
years were undertaken the detection of subgenotypes diversion by gene amplification and hybridization techniques. TCT and
pathological examination method was used to the type of lesion detection. HPV-positive patients were collected according to the age,
nationality and profession. Results: Positive cases were 308 and the positive rate was 15.00%. 14 kinds of high-risk were detected:
HPV16（28.90%）, HPV52（21.75%）, HPV58（12.99%）, HPV18（10.39%）, HPV68（4.22%）, HPV31（2.27%）, HPV66（3.25%）,
HPV33（5.19%）, HPV39（5.52%）, HPV53（4.55%）, HPV59（1.62%）, HPV56（0.65%）, HPV35（1.62%）, HPV51（2.60%）. 5
kinds of low-risk types were: HPV45, HPV42, HPV6, HPV11,81（cp8304）. HPV infection in cervical lesions single positive rate were
21.95%（TBS）, 50%（pathology）, and multiple infections cervical lesions positive rate 4.88%（TBS）, 9.38%（pathology）. 122
positive cases were recorded nationalities, including 81 Bai cases（66.39%）, 27 Han, 6 Yi, 4 Lisu, 2 Tibetan, 1 Muslim and 1 Naxi.
Bai women were detected eight kinds of subgenotypes. The occupations were farmers（52.70%）and non-farmers（employees, civil
servants and freelancers, etc.）（47.30%）. Conclusion: Most common types of HPV infection in Dali were 16, 52, 58, 18. And multiple
infection did not increase the incidence of cancer. HPV cases constituted a relatively high age group of 30 to 52 years old, and a high
positive rate is ≥62 years of age. The common genetic subtypes in Bai women were HPV type of 52, 16, 58, 18. HPV infection with
certain subtypes were characterized by geography, age, and ethnic characteristics.

Curative Effect of Sodium Nitroprusside Combined with Dopamine in the Treatment of Acute Left Heart
Failure

Dong Yu

2016, 15(2):  27-29. 

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Objective: To observe the clinical curative effect of sodium nitroprusside combined with dopamine in the treatment of
acute left heart failure. Methods: Patients with acute left heart failure in 116 cases were randomly divided into the treatment group, the
control group with 58 cases in each group. The treatment group was given sodium nitroprusside combined with dopamine for treatment,
the control group was treated with isosorbide mononitrate therapy. Results: The total efficiency of the treatment group and the control
group were respectively 89.7% and 50%. The treatment group was significantly higher than the control group（P<0.01）. The left
ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF）after treatment was higher than that before the treatment（P<0.05）in both groups, with the
treatment group being significantly increased（P<0.05）. Conclusion: Sodium nitroprusside combined with dopamine is safe and
effective in treating acute left heart failure, isosorbide mononitrate therapy is better than single use.

Application of Thoracic Drainage Tissue in Etiological Diagnosis of Pleural Effusion

Yang Zhongchuan, Xiong Zhiju, Wang Tao, Li Rongqing, Yang Zhengkun

2016, 15(2):  30-31. 

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Objective: To identify the application value of central venous catheter thoracic closed drainage in etiological diagnosis of
pleural effusion. Methods: Pathological examinations on thoracic drainage tissue of 60 cases of pleural effusion from March 2007 to
December 2014 in 60th Central Hospital of PLA were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Pleural effusion was significantly reduced
after anti-tuberculosis or intrapleural chemotherapy treatment. Conclusion: Pathological examination of thoracic drainage tissue was
an effective supplement in etiological diagnosis pleural effusion.

Related Factors of Tracheal Fistula After Tracheotomy and Preventive Measures

Yang Li, Deng Jiahong, Qi Benming

2016, 15(2):  32-33. 

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Objective: To discuss the tracheal fistula after tracheotomy in patients with primary etiology. Methods: Fifty-four cases
were collected after tracheotomy tube fistula. Related factors as patient's age, the time and location of morbidity were studied. Results:Tracheal fistula occurred mostly in patients over the age of 65; the occurrence time was two weeks after the operation; the position was the anterior wall of the 5-6 rings of trachea on the cervical segments. Tracheal fistula was more likely to occur in patients with diabetes,cerebral vascular accident, respiratory failure. Conclusion: To reduce the tracheal fistula after tracheotomy skillful surgeons should conduct the operation carefully to avoid excessive tissue damage. After the operation, regular nursing should be conducted to prevent air bag deflation, relieve the pressure on the tracheal wall, and prevent tracheal wall necrosis. Also active treatment of the original disease should be applied.

Application of Sevoflurane Inhalation in Transcatheter Closure for Children with Congenital Heart
Disease

Geng Jiachen , Wang Wenfa, Zhou Xingyue, Shi Linchun

2016, 15(2):  34-37. 

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Objective: To compare the application of sevoflurane inhalation and ketamine combined with propofol intravenous
anesthesia in the transcatheter closure for children with congenital heart diseasen, and to discuss the feasibility and safety of using sevoflurane inhalation. Methods: Sixty children, aged 2 to 5 years old, body weight 8- 14 kg, ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ, with pediatric
interventional therapy were randomly divided into two groups: sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia group （sevoflurane group） and ketamine combined with propofol intravenous anesthesia group（ketamine group）. Sevoflurane group were anesthesia induction with 8% sevoflurane（oxygen flow rate at 6 L/min）and anesthesia maintenance with 2%-3%sevoflurane（oxygen flow rate 2 L/min）.Ketamine group were anesthesia induction with 1.5~2.0 mg/kg ketamine intravenously and anesthesia maintenance with 25~30 μg/（kg·min）ketamine, 1.5-2.0 mg/（kg·h）propofol trace pump injection continuously. SBP, DBP, HR, SpO2, anesthesia induction time, recovery time,and postoperative complications were recorded and investigated. Results: There were no differences between general information and operation time in two groups. The sedation and analgesia effect were satisfactory in all patients, and no case was changed to tracheal intubation. The induction time in two groups were not significantly different. But the postoperative recovery time,orientation recovery time in sevoflurane group were shorter than that in ketamine group（P< 0.05）. There was no statistic significant difference on consciousness limb activity between sevoflurane group（3 cases, 10%）and ketamine group（5 cases,17%）. The two groups were free of cough, adverse respiratory inhibition, laryngospasm and bronchospasm. The incidence of agitation during emergence in sevoflurane group（10% 3 cases）was significantly lower than that in the ketamine group（17%, 5 cases）（P < 0.05）.
Conclusion: Sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia, with little influence on circulation and respiration, could achieve satisfactory analgesia and sedation, is safe and effective in interventional therapy of children with congenital heart disease.

Effect of Pulmonary Surfactant Combined with NCPAP in the Treatment of Neonatal Respiratory Distress
Syndrome

Li Meijun, Zhang Hong

2016, 15(2):  38-40. 

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Objective: To investigate the curative effect and clinical value of combined use of pulmonary surfactant（PS）and nasal
continuous positive airway pressure（NCPAP）in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome（NRDS）. Methods: Fiftyeight cases of NRDS last year were divided into PS combined NCPAP group（27）and NCPAP group（31）, the curative effect of the two groups were conducted comparative analysis. Results: The results of blood gas analysis, time of constant positive airway pressure（CPAP）, pulmonary X- ray, hospital days and curative effect rate were significantly different between the two groups（P<0.01）.Conclusion: PS and NCPAP combined treatment has obvious curative effect, which could quickly improve the respiratory function,reduce the mortality rate and the time of oxygen inhalation and hospitalization, as well as the application of conventional mechanical ventilation. The treatment was recommended for use in primary hospital.

Clinical Efficacy of Amniotic Membrane Transplantation Treating Pterygium

Zhu Hongfen, Wang Kaimei, Zhang Jin

2016, 15(2):  41-44. 

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Objective: To evaluate clinical efficacy of biological amniotic membrane transplantation and autologous limbal stem cell
transplantation in the treatment of pterygium. Methods: 245 eyes in 240 cases of pterygium hospitalized were randomly divided into treatment group and control group（120 cases in each group）. The treatment group received pterygium resection and biological amniotic membrane transplantation; the control group received pterygium excision combined with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation.There were 122 eyes in the treatment group, 123 eyes in the control group. Postoperative ocular conditions, corneal and conjunctival epithelial healing, patients with symptoms, relapse rates, and changes in vision were observed. Results: After a week of ocular surface assessment, 115 eyes were fine in the treatment group, accounting for 94.3%. 95 fine in the control group（77.2%）. The postoperative corneal and conjunctival epithelial healing time for the treatment group was 3 to 7 days, three-day healing rate was 73.1%. The healing time for the control group was 3 to 10 days and the three-day healing rate was 53.6%. The time of the treatmentment group was significantly shorter than that of the control group; patient's rational symptom a week after was better in the treatment group than the
control group. In the 24-month postoperative follow-up, the recurrence rate was 7% in the treatment group, the control was 13%.Conclusion: The postoperative ocular conditions and the rational symptoms of pterygium resection and biological amniotic membrane transplantation were better than the limbal stem cell transplantation. The overall 24-month follow-up recurrence rate was significantly lower than the control group. Disposed with SPSS12.0 software, D/F was 3, χ2 =98.45, the difference was significant（P<0.01）. Obvious visual acuity improvement was rarely found, few was improved due to the elimination of the cause of pterygium corneal astigmatism, but after SPSS12.0 software processing, the degree of freedom was 2, χ2 =1.66, with no significant difference（P>0.05）.

Clinical Study of Serum iPTH and PTH（1-84）in Maintained Hemodialysis Patients

Liu Jin, Xiao Yuhui, Han Hong, Deng Tianli, Tang Xuhui

2016, 15(2):  45-47. 

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Objective: To compare and evaluate the significance of monitoring maintained hemodialysis（MHD）patient's serum intact
parathyroid hormone through the detection of MHD patient's serum intact parathyroid hormone（iPTH）and the concentration of biological activity intact parathyroid hormone l-84（PTH 1-84）. Methods: 32 MHD patients from Affiliated Hospital of Dali University were enrolled in this study, the control group included 30 healthy people. The concentrations of serum iPTH and PTH（1-84）were detected by Cobas e2010 automatic chemiluminescence analyzer. And all data was analyzed by SPSS13.0 software for statistical analysis. Results: The serum levels of iPTH and PTH（1-84）were higher in the maintained hemodialysis group than in the control group, difference was statistically significant（P<0.01）, the iPTH of the dialysis group was higher than that of PTH（1-84）, and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）, in MHD patients，the serum iPTH and PTH（1-84）showed a significant correlation respectively（r=0.927 7，P<0.01）, there was no significant difference between normal control group iPTH and PTH（1-84）（P>0.05）.Conclusion: In MHD patients, the concentrations of serum iPTH and 1-84（PTH）were significantly higher and there was a positive correlation between them, so the value of PTH（1-84）diagnosis of renal osteodystrophy is better than iPTH.

Clinical Distribution and Drug Resistence of 215 Strains of Enterococcus

Song Dandan, Zhang Qunzhi

2016, 15(2):  48-51. 

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Objective: To understand the clinical infection and drug resistance of enterococcal patients in our hospital in recent two
years and provide a better basis for clinical medication. Methods: VITEK 2 Compact was used for bacterial identification and drug sensitivity test, K-B method for drug sensitivity test and data analysis. Results: 116 strains of Enterococcus faecium and 78 strains of Enterococcus faecalis from the urine, secretions and sputum were detected. The overall resistance rate in Enterococcus faecium was significantly higher than that in the Enterococcus faecalis. In the subjects of antimicrobial agents, the drug resistence rate of Enterococcus to tigecycline was zero, followed by linezolid and vancomycin. Conclusion: Clinically, the main infections of Enterococcus were the feces and the fecal. The drug resistance rate of Enterococcus faecium to most of the antibiotics was higher than that of the Enterococcus faecalis. Tigecycline, linezolid and vancomycin were the most sensitive antibactarials to Enterococcus, but there has been Enterococcus resistant to vancomycin and linezolid. The clinical detection of Enterococcus should be strenghtened to reduce the generation of drug-resistant strains.

Investigation of Healthy Adult's Blood Cell Reference Intervals in Dali City

Fan Hongping

2016, 15(2):  52-54. 

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Objective: To investigate healthy adult's blood cell reference intervals through the analysis of blood cell indexes.
Methods: The complete blood cell of 1 926 males and 1 801 females who undertook physical examination from 2014 July to December吗at the Affiliated Hospital of Dali University were analyzed. Results: Eighteen projects of CBC were different from the national reference intervals and those from the other laboratories. Conclusions: Different areas and laboratories should individually set up reference intervals to provide accurate clinical judgment standard.

Influence Factors of Ultrasound Breast Lesion Classification with BI-RADS Category 3 and 4A

Liu Taixia, Liu Qingqing

2016, 15(2):  55-57. 

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Objective: To investigate the effects of age and the lesions size on diagnosis of category 3 and 4A in breast imaging report
and data system（BI-RADS）. Methods: Age, lesions size and ultrasound lesion classification according to the BI-RADS of 405 cases（240 cases diagnosed BI-RADS category 3 and 165 cases diagnosed BI-RADS category 4A）of reports were conducted a retrospective analysis. Results: Among 240 cases BI-RADS category 3 lesions, 240 cases（100%）were benign, and no case（0%）was malignant.While among 165 cases BI-RADS category 4A lesions, there were 158 cases of benign（95.76%）, and 7 cases of malignant（4.24%）.Data showed a statistical significance between age difference and diagnosis classification（P<0.05）, but no statistical significance between lesion size and diagnosis classificatio（P>0.05）. The age of patients were found to have significant influence on pathological diagnosis in category 4A lesions（P<0.05）. Conclusion: Age, but not lesion size, significantly influenced breast lesions diagnosis with BI-RADS category 3 and 4 A.

High-Frequency Ultrasonic Features of the Submandibular Triangle Masses in 75 Cases

Hu Guobing, Zhu Xiangming, Li Guojie, Jiang Feng

2016, 15(2):  58-41. 

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Objective: To explore the clinic value of high frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of submandibular triangle region
masses. Methods: The ultrasonographic features in 75 patients with submandibular triangle masses in hour hospital from November 2010 to November 2014 were retrospectively analyzed and compared with pathological fingings. Results: The research included 8 patients（10.7%）with submandibular sialolithiasis, 9 patients（12.0%）with sialadenitis, 14 patients（18.7%）with lymphadenitis, 39 patients（52.0%）with tumors. Of the tumors, 12 patients（16.0%）with malignant and 27 patients（36.0%）with benign tumors. The most common masses were inflammatory mass and benign tumors, the most frequent masses were originated from submandibular gland and the most common benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma. Conclusion: Ultrasound has high clinical value in the diagnosis of submandibular triangle masses.

Clinical Application of Ultrasonic Diagnosis of Articular Synovitis in Hand

Zhang Xiaodong, Li Bao

2016, 15(2):  62-64. 

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Objective: To confirm the value of early diagnosis in the rheumatoid arthritis using high resolution frguency
ultrasonography and Doppler ultrasound. Methods: 7- 18 MHz high resolution ultrasound probe was used in 20 patients with
rheumatoid arthritis. The joints of wrist, metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints were detected, and the
ultrasonographic characteristics and blood flows in the joints were checked with HFUS. Results: 489 articular cavity fluid were
detected, and total rate was 81.5%, 398 were detected thickening of the synovialmembrane, total detection rate was 66.3%, detected 87 joints within thevascular overgrowth, with a total detection rate of 14.5%. Conclusion: High-resolution ultrasound is an easy, safe and effective method for early diagnosis of synovitis in small hand joint in rheumatoid arthritis.

Clinical Significance of Atypical Myocardial Infarction Diagnosed by ECG

Yin Lefen

2016, 15(2):  65-67. 

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Objective: To observe the ECG characteristics of atypical myocardial infarction and to provide both theoretical and
practical support for ECG diagnosis of atypical myocardial infarction. Methods: 160 cases（84 male cases and 76 female cases）of atypical myocardial infarction received in our hospital from March 2011 to December 2014 were reviewed and analyzed. No patient showed obvious clinical symptoms of myocardial infarction when admitted to the hospital. The accuracy of ECG diagnosis was analyzed referring to ECG examination and results of biochemical blood test. Results: All patients were diagnosed as myocardial infarction. The accuracy of diagnosis is up to 100% when the result was verified by biochemical blood test. Conclusion: The accuracy of ECG diagnosis was high in diagnosing atypical myocardial infarction. ECG diagnosis can provide basis for the diagnosis and treatment of atypical myocardial infarction and thus can be applied into clinical use.

Isolation and Species Distribution of the Anorectal Yeast in Healthy College Students

Chen Zhaofang, Yang Shouchang, Chen Chunfu, Qiu Guoyuan, Jiang Lingrong

2016, 15(2):  68-70. 

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Objective: To explore the carrier status and species distribution of yeast in anus and rectum of healthy college students.
Methods: 217 cotton swabs collected randomly from the anus and rectum of healthy college students were inoculated on the modified Sabouraud Dextrose Agar（SDA）, Candida species were identified based on the colony characteristics, Gram stain, and biochemical reactions. Results: 72 Candida species were isolated from 217 specimens, the overall carrier rate of yeast in the anus and rectum of healthy college student was 33.2%（72/217）; of them, 19 strains were isolated from 98 male specimens, the carrier rate was 19.4%,and 53 strains were isolated from 119 female specimens, the carrier rate was 44.5%（χ2=15.332, P=0.00）. Among 72 Candida species, there were 35 strains of C. albicans（48.6%）, 21 strains of C. glabrata（29.2%）, 13 strains of C. tropicalis（18.1%）, 2 strains of C.krusei（2.8%）, 1 strain of other Candida species（1.3%）. Conclusion: There were various conditioned pathogenic yeasts in the anus and rectum of healthy college students, and C. albicans was the major one. The carrier rate of female students was significantly higher than that of the male students.

Investigation and Analysis of the Sun Exposure and Sun Protection Behaviors among Primary Students in
Dali Area

Wang Yan, Zhang Jian, Ma Qiong, Duan Jingxian, Sun Sujiao, Chen Lihua

2016, 15(2):  71-74. 

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Objective: To analyze the status and behaviors of primary student's sun exposure and sun protection in Dali area.
Methods: Questionnaire was carried out in grade four and six pupils from two primary schools. The questionnaire investigated aspects of outdoor activities, sun exposure, and sun protection. And the data were analyzed by chi-square criterion. Results: Three hundred and eighty-four students with average age of 11±1.46 were surveyed. The exposure time was 2 h/d in workday and 3-4 h/d in weekend, boys were exposed longer than that of girls. The difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. PE was opened from 10 am to 4 pm and in summer 87.24% pupils were dressed in short sleeves. Only 5.47% pupils applied sunscreen everyday, while 74.48% never used. Male pupils rarely applied sunscreen, compared with female pupils the difference was statistically significant（P<0.01）. 53.38% pupils stayed in cool places, 33.85% in long- sleeves and long pants during outdoor activities. 22.14% wore hats, the difference was statistically significant between male and female students（P<0.05）. 4.16% used umbrella under the sun, most of them were girls. 15.63% wore sunglassess, without statistic difference among male and female. Conclusion: Primary school students, especially male pupils in Dali area were long exposed to sunlight with little effective protective measures. Ultraviolet irradiation awareness and protection should be strengthened.

Curative Effects of Chinese Medicine Liquor Inunction on Rheumatoid Arthritis

Zhang Yiwen

2016, 15(2):  75-78. 

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Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of two different treatments on rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: 120 patients with
active rheumatoid arthritis were randomly divided into observation group and control group. Conventional treatment and care of nonsteroidal  anti- inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoid, and antirheumatical medicine were conducted to the control group. Chinese medicine liquor inunction were additionally used on the basis of the conventional treatment and nursing for the treatment group. Results: In the observation group, pain reduced after a week and disappeared after 2 weeks. The efficiency was significantly higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）, with lessoned joint pain, joint swelling and pressed pain. Patient could conduct joint function exercise early. Conclusion: Combined treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine of rheumatoid arthritis has good curative effect, with early relieved sympotoms and reduced joint pain and swelling. It could significantly improve patients' compliance to the treatment and caring. It could also control and delay the destruction of the joints and the development of the disease, and improve patient's quality of life.

Analysis and Strategies of Nursing Adverse Events at the Sychiatry

Zhao Qiongxian, Li Bin, Hu Zhenhua

2016, 15(2):  79-82. 

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Objective: To discuss the caring strategies and interventions of adverse events at the psychiatric department in our
hospital. Methods: 99 cases of adverse events at in-patient department of our hospital from 2014 January 1st to December 31st were retrospectively studied. The frequency, category, cause, and harm degree were analyzed. Results: The adverse events of the highest frequency were traumatic events, accounted for 50.5%, followed by stumble, accounting for 25.3%. 73% of psychiatric nursing adverse events were associated with nursing operation, mainly mild injuries, accounting for 47.5%. Conclusion: Through the training and implementation of active reporting, nursing staff was encouraged to report adverse events actively. Safety management, the enhancement of nurse's sense of responsibility, and the strict regulation of nursing practice can effectively reduce errors.

Analysis of the Adverse Nursing Events in 58 Cases

Li Rutian, Dong Fangping, Li Ting

2016, 15(2):  83-85. 

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Objective: To set preventions for adverse nursing events and to provide bases for reducing the events. Methods: 58 cases
of adverse caring events at our hospital from January to December in 2013 were reviewed, graded, and classified; relevant factors were analyzed. Results: Three most severe adverse events were stumble, misoperation in catheter and treatment. Adverse events happened mostly at 8 am to 12 am. Nurses involved were mainly young green hands with lower education levels and professional titles. After the improvement, there were 25 cases of adverse nursing events in 2014（the descent rate was 56.90%）. Conclusion: After the statistical analysis and improvement, the incidents of adverse nursing events were significantly reduced in 2014. Therefore adverse events could be effectively reduced when severe adverse nursing events were concerned, nursing staff and period were regulated.

Analysis and Nursing Interventions of Mental Patient's Suicidal Behavior in 57 Cases

He Xingqiong

2016, 15(2):  86-88. 

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Objective: To analyze the factors of mental patient's suicide behaviors and propose interventive measures. Methods: 57
cases of suicidal behaviors by mental patients admitted at our hospital from 2009 September to 2014 September were retrospectively studied. Results: Patients with schizophrenia were at the highest risk of suicide（68.42%）. Depression and pessimism were the leading causes of suicide（66.67%）. Hanging and poison-taking were the major ways of suicide. Midday and midnight were periods at the highest risk. Conclusion: The suicidal behaviors of depression patients with schizophrenia could not be ignored. Effective nursing interventions could reduce patient's suicide and suicide rate.

Risk Management of Venous Blood Collection Caring at the Physical Examination Center

Yang Lixuan

2016, 15(2):  89-91. 

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Objective: To reduce the incidence of risky venous blood collection at the Physical Examination Center and to implement
effective nursing risk management and improve work efficiency. Methods: According to the work of the center, due to the risk factors of the working staff, the work and the examinees, preventions were summerized. Results: Venous blood collection was conducted with good quality, less complaint and complication. And the nurses had a positive working attitude. Conclusion: Nursing risks were effectively avoided, the quality of caring was improved, the number of nursing staff was reduced, and the work efficiency was enhanced.

Construction and Practice of Human Structure and Health Care

Zhu Jianhua, Jing Yongguang, Wang Yong

2016, 15(2):  92-95. 

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Objective: To study the construction and teaching characteristics of the general education elective course Human
Structure and Health Care and to provide reference for other colleges and universities. Methods: Human Structure and Health Care course has been opened and practiced in Dali University for 5 years. Results: The curriculum, on the base of brief introduction to human structure, focused on certain important health care knowledge. It was widely populated by both non-medical and medical students. Conclusion: Human Structure and Health Care can improve students' ability and consciousness of health care. It is suggested that the course be opened at other universities.

Thoughts on Management of the Clinical Medicine Students from South Asia in Yunnan

Yang Ying

2016, 15(2):  96-100. 

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With the development of enrollment of international students, there are some problems appeared on the management of
South Asian students who study clinical medicine. Take Dali University for example, on the analysis of characters about South Asia clinical medicine students' affairs management, in order to enhance the management ability, the paper places emphasis on the problems of students' affairs management, and try to put forward to some approaches.