Table of Content

15 June 2013, Volume 12 Issue 6

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Effect of Gerbera piloselloides Decoction on Preventing Cough, Eliminating Phlegm and Relieving Asthma on Mice

GUO Mei-Xian, HU Ya-Ting, LU Cui-Fen, LIU Bin, CHEN Guang-Yong

2013, 12(6):  1-4. 

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Objective: To observe the effects of antitussive, expectorant and anti-asthmatic of Gerbera piloselloides（L.）cass root on
the experimental animals. Methods: Mouse cough model was induced by ammonia water, the times and incubation period of cough on
mice was recorded. The phenol red excretion test was applied to detect the amount of phenol red excreted by respiratory tract, and the
guinea pig tracheal in vitro was adopted to record the effect of contractive tension of the isolated tracheal smooth muscle induced by
acetylcholine（Ach）and histamine（His）. Results: Data showed that the decoction extracted from the Gerbera piloselloides（L.）cass
root could reduce the cough times, prolong the cough incubation period of the mice, increase the amount of phenol red excreted by
respiratory tract; and reduce the tension of contraction of isolated tracheal smooth muscle induced by Ach and His. Conclusion: The
water decoction from Gerbera piloselloides（L.）cass root has effects of preventing cough, eliminating phlegm and relieving asthma on
experimental cough animal.

Study of the Analgesic and Anti- inflammatory Effects of Fluid Extract from Blaps rynchopetera Fairmaire

WANG Ying, LUO Ju-Hua, ZHANG Hai-Zhu, DONG Bi-Mei, WU Xiu-Mei

2013, 12(6):  5-7. 

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Objective: To investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of the fluid extracts of Blaps rynchopetera Fairmaire
（EBRF）. Methods: Hot-plate test and acetic acid twisting method were applied to determine the pain threshold of the mice, and
mouse ear swelling test induced by dimethylbenzene was applied to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect. Results: Both at high and
low dose, fluid extracts of B. rynchopetera could prolong the mice pain threshold time in acetic acid twisting method, while only at the
high dose could prolong the time in hot-plate test. There was no anti-inflammatory effect of B. rynchopetera. Conclusion: There is
notable analgesic effect and no anti-inflammatory effect of B. rynchopetera.

Investigation on the Release Property and Stability of Compound Bergeninum Sustained Release Tablet

LIU Zu-Xiang, HE Xu, ZHAO Cui-Yun, LIU Jian-Kang, WANG Cheng-Jun

2013, 12(6):  8-11. 

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Objective: To investigate the release property and stability of compound Bergeninum sustained release tablet. Methods:
According to the "Guidelines of raw materials and pharmaceutical preparations stability test" in Pharmacopoeia of the People's
Republic of China （2010 edition, II, appendix）, we conducted influencing factors test, accelerated test and long term test on
compound Bergeninum sustained release tablet. The indexes of sample appearance, content, release property and the change of
degradation products were tested. Results: The results showed that compound Bergeninum sustained release tablets has good stability
with no change in sample appearance, little change in content and release property and no degradation products in the test period.
Conclusion: Compound Bergeninum sustained release tablet is stable.

Extraction, Purification, Structure Characteristics and Anticoagulation of the Sulfated Polysaccharides from
the Sea Cucumber Holothuria nobilis

LU Feng, WU Ming-Yi, GAO Na, LIU Guang-Ming, ZHAO Jin-Hua

2013, 12(6):  12-16. 

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Objective: To study the polysaccharide types, physicochemical properties and anticoagulant activities of sulfated
polysaccharides from the sea cucumber Holothuria nobilis Selenka. Methods: Sulfated polysaccharides were purified by methods of
chemistry and physics. Physicochemical properties and biological activities of the saccharides, such as purity, chemical composition,
molecular weight, intrinsic viscosity, optical rotation and anticoagulant activities were determined by methods of chromatography,
chemistry, spectrum technologies, etc. Results: The polysaccharides were separated into two fractions, F-I and F-II, respectively. The
components of F-I were identified as glucuronic acid, aminogalactose, fucan and sulfate （molar ratio 1.00:0.96:1.18:2.99）; F-II
contained only fucan and sulfate （molar ratio 1.00:0.51）. The two polysaccharides were significantly different in the physicochemical
properties, and F-I had 6 times of anticoagulant potency compared to the F-II. Conclusion: The sea cucumber H. nobilis contains at
least two types of sulfated polysaccharides, a fucosylated glycosaminoglycan sulfate and a sulfated α-L -fucan which have
anticoagulant activities.

Study on Extraction Process of Ferulic Acid and Bergapten from Seselopsis

SUN Bang-Yan, ZHANG Hai-Zhu, QIAN Li-Ping, ZHOU Ping

2013, 12(6):  17-19. 

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Objective: To explore the extraction process of ferulic acid and bergapten from seselopsis. Methods: Ferulic acid and
bergapten were extracted by supersonic wave method. Under optimized by single element and L₉（3⁴） orthogonal experiment, we
investigated the relationships of extract content with the number of extraction times, extraction time, ratio of raw material to liquid and
temperature. Results: The optimal extraction process was A₃B₂C₁D₂, refluxing and extracting for 3 times at 55 ⁰C, 50 minute per time,
ratio of raw material to liquid at 1:5. Conclusion: The optimal extraction process is simple and reliable, and it serves as reference for
further development and utilization of seselopsis.

Determination of Chlorogenic Acid in Alnus ferdinandi-coburgii by HPLC

YIN La-Mei, YANG Xiao-Zhen, CAO Yan-Hua, LIU Ting, XIAO Pei-Yun

2013, 12(6):  20-22. 

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Objective: To establish an HPLC method for the determination of chlorogenic acid in Alnus ferdinandi -coburgii.
Methods: We applied highly effective liquid phase chromatography, with Venusil X BP-C18 column （150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）and
mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.4% phosphoric acid solution（8:92）at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was
set at 324 nm, and column temperature was 25 ⁰C. Results: There was good linearity in the range of 0.108 8-1.088 μg （r=0.999 9）
of chlorogenic acid. The average recovery was 98.98%, RSD was 0.77%（n=6）. Conclusion: The method above was simple, sensitive,
accurate, reproducible, and could be applied in the measurement of chlorogenic acid in Alnus ferdinandi-coburgii.

Content Determination of Momordicoside in Morrnordica charantia L.Wine

CHEN Yan-Lan, YANG Yun-Chuan, WANG Cheng-Jun, DENG Shui-Lai, ZHOU Ping

2013, 12(6):  23-26. 

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Objective: To determine the content of the momordicoside in Morrnordica charantia L. wine. Methods: Vanillin -
perchloric acid colorimetry was applied to determine the contents of the total saponin in Morrnordica charantia L. wine, ginsenoside
and β-sitosterol were used as the reference substance. Results: The concentration of ginsenoside had good linearity in the range of
0.030-0.240 mg（r=0.999 1）. The average recovery rate was 99.6%, RSD=2.5%（n=6）, the content of sample was 0.151 1-0.563 0 mg.
The concentration of 茁-sitosterol had good linearity in the range of 0.015-0.116 mg（r=0.999 3）. The average recovery was 100.9%，
RSD= 2.6% （n=6）, the content of sample was 0.065 6-0.247 9 mg. Conclusion: β-sitosterol and ginsenoside are suitable for
reference substance to determine the content of saponin in Morrnordica charantia L. wine. The method was accurate which could be
used for the quality control of Morrnordica charantia L.Wine.

Experimental Study of the Pectus Excavatum after Diaphragm Injury in Juvenile Rats

YAN Wen-Jing, WU Xue-Dong, LI Jun

2013, 12(6):  27-30. 

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Objective: To study the relationship of diaphragmatic injury and pectus excavatum in rats. Methods: Forty SD rats were
divided into 2 groups, intervene group received the operation of injury diaphragm, and the control group received the sham operation.
At the age of 12 weeks, all rats were sacrificed for observations of the chest appearance and histology and morphology of diaphragm.
Results: The incidence rate of the pectus excavatum in intervened SD rats was 38.89% （7/18）after diaphragm contracture.
Compared to the control group, the incidence rates were different with statistic significance. The muscle fiber structure was loose and
disordered; the muscular atrophy, hyperplasia of fibrous connective tissue and scar formation were found in diaphragm injure.
Conclusion: Injuried diaphragm led to contracture after diaphragm cicatricle healing, the contracture of diaphragm created a
continuous stretch power on anterior chest wall, the force may be one of the factors which induce pectus excavatum.

Effects of YiShenHuoXue Decoction on TGF β₁  Expression in Asthma Rats

ZHANG Yuan-Yuan, ZHANG Yan-Ping, WANG Shu-Chen, LIN Jia-Yang, FAN Mao-Rong

2013, 12(6):  31-33. 

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Objective: To investigate the effects of Yishenhuoxuepingchuan （YSHXPC）decoction on TGF β₁  expression in airway
of asthma rats. Methods: Sixty health female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups （15 in each）: the normal group（normal
rats+saline）, the model group （athema rats+saline）, the positive control group （athema rats+hexadecadrol）, and the YSHXPC
decoction treatment group （athema rats+YSHXPV decoction）. Each group was delivered aerosol inhalation of drug every day since
the 14th day. Rats were sacrificed in the 28th day, pathological changes of lung observed by HE staining and TGF β₁  expression in
lung tissue by immunohistochemical stain were conducted. Results: The results showed that the TGF β₁  expression was higher in
normal group compared with other three groups. In YSHXPC decoction group, the TGF β₁  expression was reduced significantly
compared with the model group and the positive control group. Conclusion: This research showed that YSHXPC decoction can
effectively inhibit the TGF β₁  expression in experimental rats with asthma.

Protective Effect of Zingiber on Kidney Injury Induced by Diabetes in Mice

QIN Yan-Di, WEI Xiao-Mei, WANG Xiao-Li, ZxHU Ling, CAO Xue, SU Juan- , QIN Yan

2013, 12(6):  34-37. 

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Objective: To investigate the effects of zingiber on kidney injury induced by diabetes in mice. Methods: Thirty Kunming
male mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group （C group, n=10）, diabetic model group （DM group, n=10）,
zingiber group（ZGB group, n=10）. The mice in diabetic model and zingiber group were injected 2% alloxan（90 mg/kg）from vena
caudalis to establish diabetes models. Once the mice presented with kidney injury, the ZGB group received daily intragastric
treatment of ZGB （300 mg/kg·day）, C group and DM group received daily intragastric treatment of isovolumic normal saline. The
animals were executed at 14 days of treatment. The level of blood glucose, urea nitrogen and creatinine in serum were recorded; and
the activity of super oxide dismutase （SOD）and malonaldehyde （MDA）content in kidney tissues were measured. The injury
circumstance of the kidney tissue in each group was compared by optical microscope. Results: Compared with the DM group, the
level of blood glucose, urea nitrogen and creatinine significantly decreased in ZGB group （P<0.01）; the kidney MDA content
decreased, but SOD activity of kidney rose in ZGB group （P<0.01）. Kidney cell injury in ZGB group was evidently slighter than that
of the DM group. Conclusion: Zingiber presented protective effect on kidney injury induced by diabetes in mice.

Comparison of Three Methods of Listeria monocytogenes Detection

ZHANG Xuan-Rong, YAN Jun, LI Wen-Long, HOU Min, JIANG Yu-Jia, BO Shu, LI Gui-Man

2013, 12(6):  38-42. 

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Objective: To find a suitable method for rapid detection of Listeria monocytogenes （LM）in grassroots labs. Methods:
GB law, real-time PCR and LAMP were adopted to detect LM, then, the results were evaluated. Results: The results of the three mothods were quite consistent. The detection process of GB law took 5 to 7 days. While the real -time PCR requiring high experimental conditions and cost took 2.5 days. LAMP method, requiring low experimental conditions and cost, took the same time as the real-time PCR. Conclusion: The LAMP assay was a sensitive, specific, rapid and economical method for the detection of LM, which could be widely used by grassroots labs.

Referral and Tracking Result Analysis of Confirmed and Suspicious Tuberculosis（TB）Reported by TB Direct
Network Report System in Dali Prefecture in 2011

LI Feng-Fen, YOU Yi-Ting, ZHAO Li-Na, LI Ru-Chang

2013, 12(6):  43-44. 

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Objective: To analyze the referral and tracking results of confirmed and suspicious tuberculosis reported by TB direct
network system and thus to provide basis for the measures. Methods: The referral and tracking results of 2011 in Dali Prefecture were statistically analyzed. Results: 4 127 confirmed and suspicious TB cases were reported by TB direct network in 2011, the arrival rate was 92.82%. The main reasons of failure cases included the denial of visiting, migrant work, or cases not found, etc. Conclusion: It is important to strengthen coordination between medical institutions and anti-tuberculosis departments in the referral and tracking.

Analysis of College Badminton Athlete Rotator Cuff Injury from the Anatomical Point

HONG Guang-Qing

2013, 12(6):  45-47. 

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Objective: Analysis college badminton athletes rotator cuff injury reasons from the point of anatomy view. Methods:
Literature, questionnaire, expert interviews. Results: The reasons of the college badminton athletes rotator cuff injury is too much training, the local overburdened lack of knowledge of sports injuries physiological, psychological unsatisfactory level of training. Conclusion: To improve awareness of sports injuries, to promote science and practice, to avoid the dangers caused by injury, to strengthen strength training and medical supervision can effectively avoid rotator cuff injury occurred.

The Treatment of Bilateral Inguinal Hernia with a Single Minor Incision in the Middle of Lower Abdominal Striated in Children

QU Wen-Chao, LI Ai-Min, YANG Li-Jie, LI Le-Sheng, WANG Ning, ZHOU Yu, HUANG Yong, WU Xue-Dong

2013, 12(6):  48-50. 

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Objective：To explore the superiority and its effect of median single minor incision in the middle of lower abdominal
striated on treating bilateral inguinal hernia in children. Methods：229 children with inguinal hernia（280 sides）from February 2006 to June 2009 underwent hernia sac ligation were divided into four groups according to the different skin incision: first was a single minor incision for bilateral hernia group; second was a minor incision for unilateral hernia group; third was bilateral oblique incision for bilateral hernia group and forth was the unilateral oblique incision for bilateral hernia group. The data of incision length, blood loss, operative time and postoperative hospital days were analyzed and compared with ANOVA among groups. Results：All operations of the children were smoothly and the overcome course after surgery were uneventfully. No complication occurred in any child. There was statistical significance of the data among all groups （P<0.05). Its value in first group was lower than that in third and forth
groups, but there was no statistical significance of the data between first and second groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion：The treatment of bilateral inguinal hernia with a single minor incision in the middle of lower abdominal striated in children is easy to operate, less traumatic, aesthetic and rapid recovery.

Application Experience of the Chinese Medicine Concept of Preventive Treatment of Disease in Gynecology

WANG Liu-Ying

2013, 12(6):  51-53. 

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Objective: To illustrate the practice of Chinese medicine concept of preventive treatment of disease in modern medicine.Methods: By applying traditional Chinese medicine in modern medical science, difficult and frequent gynecological diseases are prevented. Results: The practice of preventive treatment of disease is summarized and discussed. Conclusion: The concept of preventive treatment of disease in traditional Chinese medicine is emphasized in the modern medical environment.

Surveillance of Bacterial Resistance in the Chinese Medicine Hospital of Chuxiong Prefecture in 2011

YANG Zi-Fu, ZHU Xiao-Yan

2013, 12(6):  54-59. 

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Objective: To investigate the resistance of clinical isolates in the Chinese Medicine Hospital of Chuxiong Prefecture in
2011. Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 946 clinical isolates were carried out by Kirby-Bauer （K-B）method and microdilution method. Results: Among the 1 127 clinical isolates, gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria accounted for 76.8% and 23.2%, respectively. In 865 gram negative bacillis, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. accounted for 45.7% （395/865）, 10.6%（92/865）and 9.0%（78/865）, respectively. In 262 gram positive cocci, E. faecium,S. aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. accounted for 27.1% （71/262）, 24.8% （65/262）and 16.0%（42/262）. Susceptibility test results showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. were detected in 19.2% （15/78）and 32.8% （23/70）pan-resistant strains. The prevalence of emethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus was 83.3% （40/48）in S. aureus and 32.3% （21/65）incoagulasenegative Staphylococcus. Conclusion: Surveillance of bacterial resistance is most important and valuable for guidance of rational selection of antimicrobial agents.

Influence of Blood Donation Adverse Reaction on Re-Donations and Nursing Counterplan

ZHAO Qiong-Xian

2013, 12(6):  62-64. 

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Objective: To analyze the influence of blood donation adverse reaction on re-donations, and to develop targeted care
measures to stable the team of blood donors. Methods: The documents of 61 067 blood donors from January 2008 to December 2011 were conducted retrospective analysis.Results: There were 276 cases of adverse reaction from 2008 to 2011, the incidence rate was 0.45%. There were 18 379 cases of second donations in 4 years, the re-donation rate was 30.23%. Only 39 cases re-donated in 276 cases of adverse reaction, the re-donation rate was 14.34%. In 39 cases of re-donation, the re-donation rate of mild adverse reaction was 76.92%, the re-donation rate of severe adverse reaction was 23.08%. Conclusion: Blood station should implement the humanistic nursing and strengthen health education and psychological guidance, create a safe, comfortable environment of blood donation, quickly deal with adverse reaction, avoiding the occurrence of moderate and severe reaction,and improve blood donors visits.

Postoperative Care Experience of Patients Undergoing Open Heart Surgery under Cardiopulmonary Bypass

ZHAO Xue-Xiu

2013, 12(6):  65-66. 

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Objective: To summarize the care experience of patients undergoing open heart surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass.
Methods: Fifty-six patients after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery cared in ICU were retrospectively analyzed. The preparation of ICU, the nursing of respiratory system, circulatory system, drainage tube and mentality, and the early warning and intervention of pressure sore were investigated. Results: Fifty-six patients, except for one case death with postoperative severe low cardiac output, were discharged. Conclusion: ICU care is very important to patients undergoing open heart surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass, which was directly related to the success rate of operation.

Application Experience of High Quality Nursing Service in Operating Rooms

WANG Jian-Ping

2013, 12(6):  67-69. 

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Objective: To show patient-oriented concept of nursing services. To standardize the nursing service in operating rooms
and provide satisfied services for patients. Methods: Nursing quality is constantly improved by such measurements as pre-operation interview, safety insurance of the operation and intra-operative nursing. Results: The satisfaction of patients and their relatives were improved. Mistakes and accidents were reduced. Conclusion: The activity of high quality nursing service in operating rooms enhanced nurse's serving awareness, reduced mistakes and accidents, improved patients' and their relatives' satisfaction.

Investigation and Study of Oversea student's Mental Health
———Taking Dali University as an Example

ZHOU Wan-Qing, HU Chun, LUO Yan-Long

2013, 12(6):  70-77. 

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Objective: To investigate the mental health of foreign students for a targeted education and management. Methods:
Questionnaire was conducted among 177 oversea students in Dali University with symptom checklist 90 （SCL-90）and statistically analysed with SPSS11.5. Results: The status of oversea students' mental health rendered as: obsessive-compulsive > paranoid >interpersonal sensitivity > depression > somatization > terror > other > anxiety > hospitality > psychotic. Compared with the norm, the score of the four factors: obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and hostility is lower; the anxiety factor is similar; and the other five factors is higher. Foreign students in the seven factors of somatization, depression, anxiety, hostility, paranoid, psychotic and other is different, but the difference was not statistically significant. The difference in obsessive -compulsive was statistically significant. And the difference in interpersonal sensitivity and terror was highly statistically significant. In addition, there are gender differences and faculty differences in the mental health of foreign students. Conclusion: The mental health status of foreign students is not optimistic, we should pay attention to foreign students' mental health problems, strengthen foreign students mental health education, and optimize the foreign students' education management environment.

Preliminary Study on Case-based Teaching Approach in Physiology Teaching

QIN Yan, ZHOU Ping, LI Yao-Hua, SU Juan, ZHU Yun-Qi, YANG Ling-Ling

2013, 12(6):  78-80. 

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Case-based teaching approach in physiology teaching was proposed and preliminarily studied in regard of the problems
existing in medical education and physiological education. After the analysis and summary of case design, case practice and case efficiency, it is obvious that case-based teaching approach could enhance student's learning enthusiasm, widen student's knowledge scope, cultivate student's clinical thoughts and improve their comprehensive qualities.

Exploration of Problem Based Learning in Inorganic Chemistry Teaching of Pharmaceutical Specialty

LAN Hai, WANG Yan

2013, 12(6):  81-83. 

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Objective: To explore the application effect of problem based learning （PBL）in the teaching of inorganic chemistry for
pharmaceutical specialty. Methods: Students of pharmaceutical specialty in our school who were selected as the object of this study
were divided into PBL group and traditional teaching group, being applied with PBL teaching method and the traditional teaching
method respectively. Theoretical examinations and questionnaire surveys were conducted in both groups and the results were
comparatively analysed. Results: PBL teaching method, to which over 80% students held a positive attitude, significantly improved
students' learning interest, improved their ability of comprehensive analysis of problems, promoted self-study, and strengthened the
communication and interaction between teachers and students. The theoretical examination scores of PBL teaching group is obviously
higher than that of the traditional teaching group. Conclusion: PBL teaching method is superior to traditional teaching method. It is
effective in improving teaching qualities and is worthy of trying and being applied in the teaching of inorganic chemistry.

Cooperative Mode of Gerontological Nursing Practice Platform Outside School

GUO Ai-Mei, LIAO Jian-Ying, WANG Guo-Fu, HAN Qi-Ding, FU Yan-Fen

2013, 12(6):  84-86. 

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Objective: To investigate the feasibility of nursing homes/practice platforms outside school for student to learn and
practice gerontological nursing. Methods: Thirty-one aged people in 5 nursing homes in Dali were visited. The construction and
management of cooperative mode of outside school practice platform were discussed after domestic literature reading. Results: The
following ideas were agreed: rationalizing curriculum structure, building teaching-practice base, selecting and training "standard
patient" in endowment institutions or communities, and forming evaluation systems for teaching effects. Conclusion: Outside school
practice platform could arouse student's learning interest, enhance their professional skills, cultivate their independent thinking and
creativity, strengthen student's social responsibility, and motivate a better teaching effect for gerontological nursing as well.

Problems and Improving Measures in Clinical Nursing Teaching

LI Yong-Yan

2013, 12(6):  87-89. 

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Clinical nursing teaching is an important part in nursing education, which will directly affect the effect and quality of
nursing student's practice. Starting from years of nursing clinical experience and a teacher's perspective, we reported the problems
and improving measures in nursing clinical teaching.

In Vitro Study of the Effect of Gerbera piloselloides Ethanol Extract on the Uterus of Rat

LIU Bin, GUO Mei-Xian, LIU Yong, LIU Cui-Fen, LIU Guang-Ming, CHEN Guang-Yong

2013, 12(6):  90-92. 

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Objective: To investigate the effect of ethanol extract from leaves of Gerbera piloselloides on the uterus of rat in vitro.
Methods: Ten mature female but not pregnant SD rats were executed by strike, and uterine horns were used for the rat uterus
segment in vitro. BL-420E+ Biological Functional System was used to record uterine tension, the effect of Gerbera piloselloides
Ethanol Extract on spontaneous contraction and oxytocin-induced contraction of uterus were recorded. Results: The extract could
slow down the uterine contraction frequency and decrease the contraction intensity, and weaken the uterine motility as well.
Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Gerbera piloselloides has significant inhibitive effect on the spontaneous contraction and oxytocininduced
contraction of rat uterus in vitro.